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1. 发明授权

US07875397B2 Permeable inlet fuel gas distributor for fuel cells 有权
标题翻译：用于燃料电池的可渗透入口燃料气体分配器
公开(公告)号：US07875397B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US10736945
申请日：2003-12-15
申请人： James R. Geschwindt , Robin J. Guthrie , George S. Hirko, Jr. , Jeremy P. Meyers , Carl A. Reiser , Javier Resto , Yu Wang , John H. Whiton , Leslie L. Van Dine , Elizabeth A. Allen , Deliang Yang
发明人： James R. Geschwindt , Robin J. Guthrie , George S. Hirko, Jr. , Jeremy P. Meyers , Carl A. Reiser , Javier Resto , Yu Wang , John H. Whiton , Leslie L. Van Dine , Elizabeth A. Allen , Deliang Yang
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04231 , H01M8/0247 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2465 , H01M8/2483 , H01M8/2484
摘要： An inlet fuel distributor (10-10d) has a permeable baffle (39, 54, 54a, 60) between a fuel supply pipe (11, 83) and a fuel inlet manifold (12, 53, 53a, 63) causing fuel to be uniformly distributed along the length of the fuel inlet manifold. A surface (53, 68) may cause impinging fuel to turn and flow substantially omnidirectionally improving its uniformity. Recycle fuel may be provided (25, 71) into the flow downstream of the fuel inlet distributor. During startup, fuel or inert gas within the inlet fuel distributor and the fuel inlet manifold may be vented through an exhaust valve (57, 86) in response to a controller (58, 79) so as to present a uniform fuel front to the inlets of the fuel flow fields (58).
摘要翻译：入口燃料分配器（10-10d）在燃料供应管（11,83）和燃料入口歧管（12,53,53a，63）之间具有导致燃料的可渗透挡板（39,54,54a，60）沿着燃料入口歧管的长度均匀分布。表面（53,68）可以使撞击的燃料转动并基本上全向流动地改善其均匀性。可以向燃料入口分配器下游的流中提供循环燃料（25,71）。在启动期间，入口燃料分配器和燃料入口歧管内的燃料或惰性气体可以响应于控制器（58,79）而通过排气阀（57,86）排出，以便向入口提供均匀的燃料前端的燃料流场（58）。

2. 发明授权

US08076039B2 Small volume, fuel cell inlet fuel gas distributor having low pressure drop 有权
标题翻译：小体积的燃料电池入口燃气分配器具有低压降
公开(公告)号：US08076039B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-13
申请号：US11506686
申请日：2006-08-18
申请人： John H. Whiton , Yu Wang , Carl A. Reiser , George S. Hirko, Jr.
发明人： John H. Whiton , Yu Wang , Carl A. Reiser , George S. Hirko, Jr.
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M2/38 , H01M2/40 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/2484 , H01M8/2485
摘要： In a fuel cell stack, an inlet fuel distributor (15, 31, 31a, 31b) comprises a plurality of fuel distributing passageways (17-23, 40-47, 64) of substantially equal length and equal flow cross section to uniformly distribute fuel cell inlet fuel from a fuel supply conduit (13, 14, 50) to a fuel inlet manifold (28). The conduits may be either channels (40-47; 64) formed within a plate (39) or tubes (17-23). The channels may have single exits (65) or double exits (52, 53) into the fuel inlet manifold.
摘要翻译：在燃料电池堆中，入口燃料分配器（15,31,31a，31b）包括多个燃料分配通道（17-23,40-47,64），其大体上具有相同的长度和相等的流动横截面以均匀分布燃料从燃料供应管道（13,14,50）到燃料入口歧管（28）的电池入口燃料。导管可以是形成在板（39）或管（17-23）内的通道（40-47; 64）。通道可以具有单个出口（65）或双出口（52,53）进入燃料入口歧管。

3. 发明授权

US07250229B2 Procedure for starting up a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
标题翻译：启动具有阳极排气循环回路的燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US07250229B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-31
申请号：US11231285
申请日：2005-09-20
申请人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
发明人： Deliang Yang , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Richard D. Sawyer , Leslie L. Van Dine , Carl A. Reiser
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04007 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04238 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M16/003
摘要： A procedure for starting up a fuel cell system that is disconnected from its primary load and that has air in both its cathode and anode flow fields includes a) connecting an auxiliary resistive load across the cell to reduce the cell voltage; b) initiating a recirculation of the anode flow field exhaust through a recycle loop and providing a limited flow of hydrogen fuel into that recirculating exhaust; c) catalytically reacting the added fuel with oxygen present in the recirculating gases until substantially no oxygen remains within the recycle loop; disconnecting the auxiliary load; and then d) providing normal operating flow rates of fuel and air into respective anode and cathode flow fields and connecting the primary load across the cell. The catalytic reaction may take place on the anode or within a catalytic burner disposed within the recycle loop. The procedure allows start-up of the fuel cell system without the use of an inert gas purge while minimizing dissolution of the catalyst and corrosion of the catalyst support during the start-up process.
摘要翻译：用于启动与其主负载断开且在其阴极和阳极流场中具有空气的燃料电池系统的过程包括：a）在电池之间连接辅助电阻负载以降低电池电压; b）启动阳极流场排气通过循环回路的再循环，并向该再循环排气提供有限的氢气燃料流; c）使添加的燃料与存在于再循环气体中的氧直接催化反应，直到基本上没有氧气残留在循环回路内; 断开辅助负载; 然后d）将燃料和空气的正常操作流量提供到相应的阳极和阴极流场中，并将主负载连接在电池上。催化反应可以在阳极上或在设置在循环回路内的催化燃烧器中进行。该程序允许在不使用惰性气体吹扫的情况下启动燃料电池系统，同时最小化催化剂的溶解和在启动过程中催化剂载体的腐蚀。

4. 发明授权

US06514635B2 Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system having an anode exhaust recycle loop 有权
公开(公告)号：US06514635B2
公开(公告)日：2003-02-04
申请号：US09770042
申请日：2001-01-25
申请人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
发明人： Leslie L. Van Dine , Margaret M. Steinbugler , Carl A. Reiser , Glenn W. Scheffler
IPC分类号： H01M800
CPC分类号： H01M8/04447 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04097 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04455 , H01M8/04753 , H01M8/04798 , H01M8/0662 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system that recirculates a portion of the anode exhaust in a recycle loop, includes disconnecting the primary load from the external circuit, stopping the flow of air to the cathode, and applying an auxiliary resistive load across the cells to reduce and/or limit cell voltage and reduce the cathode potential while fuel is still flowing to the anode and the anode exhaust is recirculating. The fuel flow is then stopped, but the anode exhaust continues to be circulated in the recycle loop to bring the hydrogen therein into contact with a catalyst in the presence of oxygen to convert the hydrogen to water, such as in a catalytic burner. The recirculating is continued until substantially all the hydrogen is removed. The cell may then be completely shut down. No inert gas purge is required as part of the shut-down process.

5. 发明授权

US06723461B2 Water management system for fuel cell 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池水管理系统
公开(公告)号：US06723461B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US10071626
申请日：2002-02-08
申请人： Michael E. Gorman , Donald L. Maricle , Carl A. Reiser , John C. Trocciola , Leslie L. Van Dine
发明人： Michael E. Gorman , Donald L. Maricle , Carl A. Reiser , John C. Trocciola , Leslie L. Van Dine
IPC分类号： H01M812
CPC分类号： H01M8/04067 , H01M8/04119 , H01M8/04291
摘要： An improved water management system for PEM fuel cells is provided. Catalyst layers are disposed on both sides of a proton exchange membrane. Porous plates are positioned adjacent the catalyst layers. Water transport plates are positioned adjacent the porous plates and the reactant gas are humidified at their inlets, in one embodiment by fins, while moisture is removed in the fuel flow path and at the oxidant outlet, in one embodiment by other fins.
摘要翻译：提供了一种改进的PEM燃料电池水管理系统。催化剂层设置在质子交换膜的两侧。多孔板位于催化剂层附近。水输送板位于多孔板附近，并且在一个实施例中，反应气体在其入口处被加湿，在一个实施例中通过翅片加湿，同时在一个实施例中，在其它翅片中，在燃料流动路径和氧化剂出口处除去水分。

6. 发明申请

US20120003560A1 FUEL CELL FOR MOISTURE MANAGEMENT AT GAS INLETS 审中-公开
标题翻译：燃气输入口水分管理燃油电池
公开(公告)号：US20120003560A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-05
申请号：US13256290
申请日：2009-03-18
申请人： Jeremy P. Meyers , Michael L. Perry , Carl A. Reiser , Ned E. Cipollini , Wayde R. Schmidt , Gopal R. Krishnan , John A. Trela , Robert M. Darling
发明人： Jeremy P. Meyers , Michael L. Perry , Carl A. Reiser , Ned E. Cipollini , Wayde R. Schmidt , Gopal R. Krishnan , John A. Trela , Robert M. Darling
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M2/08
CPC分类号： H01M8/023 , H01M8/04276
摘要： A fuel cell includes an electrode assembly having an electrolyte between a cathode catalyst and an anode catalyst, and a flow field plate having a channel for delivering a reactant gas to the electrode assembly. The flow field plate includes a channel having a channel inlet. A porous diffusion layer is located between the electrode assembly and the flow field plate. The porous diffusion layer includes a first region near the channel inlet and a second region downstream from the first region relative to the channel inlet. The first region includes a filler material that partially blocks pores of the first region such that the first region has a first porosity and the second region has a second porosity that is greater than the first porosity.
摘要翻译：燃料电池包括在阴极催化剂和阳极催化剂之间具有电解质的电极组件和具有用于将反应气体输送到电极组件的通道的流场板。流场板包括具有通道入口的通道。多孔扩散层位于电极组件和流场板之间。多孔扩散层包括在通道入口附近的第一区域和相对于通道入口从第一区域下游的第二区域。第一区域包括填充材料，其部分地阻挡第一区域的孔，使得第一区域具有第一孔隙度，并且第二区域具有大于第一孔隙率的第二孔隙率。

7. 发明申请

US20110104582A1 TAILORING LIQUID WATER PERMEABILITY OF DIFFUSION LAYERS IN FUEL CELL STACKS 审中-公开
标题翻译：在燃料电池堆中定量扩散层的渗透性渗透性
公开(公告)号：US20110104582A1
公开(公告)日：2011-05-05
申请号：US12734636
申请日：2008-12-11
申请人： Timothy W. Patterson, JR. , Gennady Resnick , Ryan J. Balliet , Nikunj Gupta , Cynthia A. York , Carl A. Reiser , Robert M. Darling , Jesse M. Marzullo , Jeremy P. Meyers
发明人： Timothy W. Patterson, JR. , Gennady Resnick , Ryan J. Balliet , Nikunj Gupta , Cynthia A. York , Carl A. Reiser , Robert M. Darling , Jesse M. Marzullo , Jeremy P. Meyers
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , H01M8/24
CPC分类号： H01M8/04253 , H01M8/023 , H01M8/04149 , H01M8/04171 , H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04291 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/241
摘要： A fuel cell stack (31) includes a plurality of fuel cells (9) each having an electrolyte such as a PEM (10), anode and cathode catalyst layers (13, 14), anode and cathode gas diffusion layers (16, 17), and water transport plates (21, 28) adjacent the gas diffusion layers. The cathode diffusion layer of cells near the cathode end (36) of the stack have a high water permeability, such as greater than 3×10−4 g/(Pa s m) at about 80° C. and about 1 atmosphere, whereas the cathode gas diffusion layer in cells near the anode end (35) have water vapor permeance greater than 3×10−4 g/(Pa s m) at about 80° C. and about 1 atmosphere. In one embodiment, the anode gas diffusion layer of cells near the anode end (35) of the stack have a higher liquid water permeability than the anode gas diffusion layer in cells near the cathode end; a second embodiment reverses that relationship.
摘要翻译：燃料电池堆（31）包括多个具有诸如PEM（10），阳极和阴极催化剂层（13,14），阳极和阴极气体扩散层（16,17）的电解质的燃料电池（9）和与气体扩散层相邻的水输送板（21,28）。在堆叠的阴极端（36）附近的电池的阴极扩散层在约80℃和约1个大气压下具有高的透水性，例如大于3×10-4g /（Pa·sm），而在阳极端（35）附近的电池中的阴极气体扩散层在约80℃和约1个大气压下具有大于3×10-4g /（Pa·sm）的水蒸汽渗透性。在一个实施例中，在堆叠的阳极端（35）附近的电池的阳极气体扩散层在靠近阴极端的电池中具有比阳极气体扩散层更高的液体水渗透性; 第二个实施例反转了这种关系。

8. 发明授权

US07579098B2 Fuel cells evaporative reactant gas cooling and operational freeze prevention 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池蒸发反应物气体冷却和操作防冻
公开(公告)号：US07579098B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-25
申请号：US11230066
申请日：2005-09-19
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Jeremy P. Meyers , David D. Johnson , Craig E. Evans , Robert M. Darling , Tommy Skiba , Ryan J. Balliet
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Jeremy P. Meyers , David D. Johnson , Craig E. Evans , Robert M. Darling , Tommy Skiba , Ryan J. Balliet
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , F28D15/0266 , F28F2245/02 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2484
摘要： Fuel cells (38) have water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) that provide water through reactant gas flow field plates (74, 81) to cool the fuel cell. The water passageways may be vented to atmosphere (99), by a porous plug (69), or pumped (89, 146) with or without removing any water from the passageways. A condenser (59, 124) receives reactant air exhaust, may have a contiguous reservoir (64, 128), may be vertical, (a vehicle radiator, FIG. 2), may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5), or below (124) the fuel cell stack (120). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) or may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates. Air flow in the condenser may be controlled by shutters (155). The condenser may be a heat exchanger (59a) having freeze-proof liquid flowing through a coil (161) thereof, the amount being controlled by a valve (166). A deionizer (175) may be used.
摘要翻译：燃料电池（38）具有通过反应气体流场板（74,81）提供水以冷却燃料电池的水通道（67; 78,85; 78a，85a）。水通道可以通过多孔塞（69）排放到大气（99），或者通过或不从通道中去除任何水而被泵送（89,146）。冷凝器（59,124）接收反应物排气，可以具有连续的储存器（64,128），其可以是垂直的（图2的车辆散热器）可以是水平的，与燃料电池堆的顶部邻接（37，图5）或下面（124）燃料电池堆（120）。通道可以是凹槽（76,77; 83,84），或者可以包括与反应物气体流场板中的一个或两个的基本上整个表面相邻的多孔亲水材料（78a，85a）的平面。冷凝器中的气流可由百叶窗（155）控制。冷凝器可以是具有流过其线圈（161）的防冻液体的热交换器（59a），其量由阀（166）控制。可以使用去离子器（175）。

9. 发明授权

US07504170B2 Fuel cells evaporatively cooled with water carried in passageways 有权
标题翻译：燃料电池用通道中的水蒸发冷却
公开(公告)号：US07504170B2
公开(公告)日：2009-03-17
申请号：US11027332
申请日：2004-12-29
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Jeremy P. Meyers , David D. Johnson , Craig E. Evans , Robert M. Darling , Tommy Skiba
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Jeremy P. Meyers , David D. Johnson , Craig E. Evans , Robert M. Darling , Tommy Skiba
IPC分类号： H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , F28D15/0266 , F28F2245/02 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/0267 , H01M8/04029 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457 , H01M8/2484
摘要： Fuel cells (38) have minute water passageways (67) that provide water through one or both reactant gas flow field plates (74, 82) of each fuel cell, whereby the fuel cell is cooled evaporatively. The water passageways (67; 78, 85; 78a, 85a) may be vented by a porous plug (69), or by a microvacuum pump (89) that does not pump any water from the passageways, or simply vented (99) to atmosphere. A condenser (59) may have a contiguous reservoir (64); the condenser (59) may be vertical, such as a vehicle radiator (FIG. 1), or may be horizontal, contiguous with the top of the fuel cell stack (37, FIG. 5). The passageways may be grooves (76, 77; 83, 84) in the reactant gas flow plates (75, 81) or the passageways may comprise a plane of porous hydrophilic material (78a, 85a) contiguous with substantially the entire surface of one or both of the reactant gas flow field plates.
摘要翻译：燃料电池（38）具有通过每个燃料电池的一个或两个反应气体流场板（74,82）提供水的微小的水通道（67），由此燃料电池被蒸发冷却。水通道（67; 78,85; 78a，85a）可以由多孔塞子（69）或微型真空泵（89）排出，该微型真空泵（89）不会从通道中泵出任何水，或者简单地排放（99）到大气层。冷凝器（59）可以具有连续的储存器（64）; 冷凝器（59）可以是垂直的，例如车辆散热器（图1），或者可以是水平的，与燃料电池堆的顶部（图5中的37）相邻。通道可以是反应气体流动板（75,81）中的凹槽（76,77; 83,84），或者通道可以包括多孔亲水材料（78a，85a）的平面，该平面基本上与一个或多个两种反应气体流场板。

10. 发明授权

US06858336B2 Procedure for shutting down a fuel cell system using air purge 有权
标题翻译：使用空气吹扫关闭燃料电池系统的步骤
公开(公告)号：US06858336B2
公开(公告)日：2005-02-22
申请号：US10305300
申请日：2002-11-26
申请人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
发明人： Carl A. Reiser , Deliang Yang , Richard D. Sawyer
IPC分类号： H01M20060101 , H01M8/00 , H01M8/04 , H01M8/10
CPC分类号： H01M8/04228 , H01M8/0258 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/241 , H01M8/2457
摘要： A procedure for shutting down an operating fuel cell system includes disconnecting the primary electricity using device and stopping the flow of hydrogen containing fuel to the anode, followed by quickly displacing the residual hydrogen with air by blowing air through the anode fuel flow field. A sufficiently fast purging of the anode flow field with air eliminates the need for purging with an inert gas such as nitrogen.
摘要翻译：关闭操作燃料电池系统的过程包括断开主电力使用装置并阻止含氢燃料流向阳极，随后通过吹入空气通过阳极燃料流场快速地将空气置换为空气。用空气充分快速地吹扫阳极流场消除了用诸如氮气的惰性气体吹扫的需要。

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