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1. 发明授权

US4292848A Walking-gate ultrasonic flaw detector 失效
标题翻译：步行式超声波探伤仪
公开(公告)号：US4292848A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-06
申请号：US139537
申请日：1980-04-11
申请人： J. Montgomery Rainey , Francis M. Taylor
发明人： J. Montgomery Rainey , Francis M. Taylor
IPC分类号： G01H1/08 , G01N29/06 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/265 , G01N29/04
CPC分类号： G01N29/265 , G01H1/08 , G01N29/0618 , G01N29/0645 , G01N29/07 , G01N29/11 , G01N29/449 , G01N2291/044 , G01N2291/2694
摘要： A microprocessor-based ultrasonic inspection system reliably detects fatigue cracks smaller than 0.030 inch under installed fasteners by means of a unique signal-processing method. The signal-processing used in this invention takes advantage of the fact that crack signals "walk" in time as a transducer moves around a fastener. Bolt size, scan depth, and angle of incidence of an ultrasonic shear wave are used to determine the "walk rate" of a defect in the inspection zone. With this geometric information, the signal-processing technique will enhance any pulse-echo return "walking" at the computed walk rate, and thus significantly improve the ratio of crack signal to other signal sources in the material.
摘要翻译：基于微处理器的超声波检测系统通过独特的信号处理方法可靠地检测在安装的紧固件下小于0.030英寸的疲劳裂纹。本发明中使用的信号处理利用了裂纹信号随着传感器在紧固件周围移动而及时地“行走”的事实。使用超声波剪切波的螺栓尺寸，扫描深度和入射角来确定检查区域中缺陷的“行走速率”。利用这种几何信息，信号处理技术将以计算出的行走速率增强任何脉冲回波返回“走”，从而显着提高裂纹信号与材料中其他信号源的比例。

2. 发明授权

US4007992A Light beam shape control in optical measuring apparatus 失效
标题翻译：光学测量仪器中的光束形状控制
公开(公告)号：US4007992A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-15
申请号：US582690
申请日：1975-06-02
申请人： Harry G. Petrohilos , Francis M. Taylor
发明人： Harry G. Petrohilos , Francis M. Taylor
IPC分类号： G01B11/04 , G01B11/10
CPC分类号： G01B11/046 , G01B11/105
摘要： A narrow collimated light beam, such as a laser beam, is directed towards a mirror which is rotated to effect rotary planar scanning or sweeping of a lens constructed to convert the rotary scanning beam into a parallel scanning beam. An article to be measured is positioned in the path of the parallel scanning beam at generally the focal point of the lens, and interruptions of the parallel scanning beam, as produced by the article, are sensed by a photodetector. The photodetector controls transmission of pulses or signals to means for counting pulses produced by a high frequency generator so that the counted pulses correspond to the dimension of the article at the plane of the parallel scanning beam. In this invention a lens is positioned in the path of the light beam and changes a narrow substantially round light beam into an elongate or substantially flat light beam which is scanned across an object for measurement thereof. The greatest dimension of the light beam is substantially normal to the direction of scan movement. Thus, if there should be irregularities or small particles of foreign material upon the surface of the object or adjacent thereto, the entire light beam is not completely interrupted by such particles or by such irregularities. Thus, a light beam is received by the photodetector in accordance with the average dimension or contour of the object at the measured portion thereof. Thus, the dimension of the object is measured without consideration of small irregularities or small or minute particles of foreign material or the like which may be present upon or adjacent the object at the measured portion thereof.
摘要翻译：诸如激光束的窄准直光束被引向反射镜，反射镜被旋转以实现用于将旋转扫描光束转换成平行扫描光束的镜片的旋转平面扫描或扫描。待测量的物品位于通常为透镜焦点的平行扫描光束的路径中，并且由物品产生的并行扫描光束的中断由光电检测器感测。光电检测器将脉冲或信号的传输控制为用于对由高频发生器产生的脉冲进行计数的装置，使得计数的脉冲对应于在平行扫描光束的平面处的物品的尺寸。在本发明中，透镜被定位在光束的路径中，并将窄的基本上圆形的光束改变成细长的或基本平坦的光束，该光束横过物体扫描以进行测量。光束的最大尺寸基本上垂直于扫描运动的方向。因此，如果在物体表面或其附近存在异物或异物的小颗粒，整个光束不会被这种颗粒或这种不规则性完全中断。因此，根据被测部分的物体的平均尺寸或轮廓，光束被光电检测器接收。因此，在不考虑在被测量部分处可能存在于或邻近物体上的异物或类似物的小的不规则性或小或微小的颗粒的情况下，测量物体的尺寸。

3. 发明授权

US4074938A Optical dimension measuring device employing an elongated focused beam 失效
标题翻译：使用细长聚焦光束的光学尺寸测量装置
公开(公告)号：US4074938A
公开(公告)日：1978-02-21
申请号：US726991
申请日：1976-09-27
申请人： Francis M. Taylor
发明人： Francis M. Taylor
IPC分类号： G01B11/08 , G01B11/10
CPC分类号： G01B11/105
摘要： In an optical dimension gauging instrument, commonly referred to as a laser micrometer, particularly for use in measuring the outside dimension of elongated cylindrical objects, such as coated wires or steel tubes, in hostile optical environments, including a laser for generating a beam of collimated light, means for directing the light through a measurement zone, photodetector means responsive to the light passing through the measurement zone, and a mirror mounted for rotation by a motor to cause the beam to be scanned repeatedly across the measurement zone, a beam expander is employed to enlarge the output of the laser to a diameter substantially greater than the maximum dimension of normally anticipated foreign objects which might intercept the beam outside the measurement zone, an anamorphic lens further expands the beam in one plane to a size greater than the size of normally anticipated foreign objects both within and without the measurement zone, and a lens system causes the beam to be focused in the other plane in the measurement zone while the expanded beam is projected through the measurement zone with the long dimension of the beam parallel to the cylindrical axis of the article whose outer dimension is being measured.
摘要翻译：在通常被称为激光测微仪的光学尺寸测量仪器中，特别是用于在恶劣的光学环境中测量细长圆柱形物体（例如涂层线或钢管）的外部尺寸，包括用于产生准直光束的激光光，用于引导光通过测量区域的装置，响应于通过测量区域的光的光电检测器装置，以及安装成由电机旋转以使光束在测量区域上重复扫描的反射镜，光束扩展器是用于将激光器的输出扩大到基本上大于可能拦截测量区域外部的光束的正常预期异物的最大尺寸的直径，变形透镜将一个平面中的光束进一步扩大到大于通常预期的异物在测量区域内和在测量区域内，以及透镜系统导致bea m被聚焦在测量区域中的另一个平面中，而扩展的光束通过测量区域投射，其中梁的长尺寸平行于正在测量其外部尺寸的物品的圆柱轴线。

4. 发明授权

US4527893A Method and apparatus for optically measuring the distance to a workpiece 失效
标题翻译：用于光学测量与工件距离的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4527893A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-09
申请号：US434200
申请日：1982-10-13
申请人： Francis M. Taylor
发明人： Francis M. Taylor
IPC分类号： G01B11/02 , G01C3/32 , G01C3/08
CPC分类号： G01B11/026 , G01C3/32
摘要： The point of focus of an image is swept through a measurement zone in the image space of a lens system by sweeping a plurality of convex specular surfaces through the object space of the lens system to vary the object space. The specular surfaces are formed to approximate involute curves and the optical axis of the lens system is centered upon tangents to a generating circle of the involute curves which are approximated by the specular surfaces. The specular surfaces are mounted in a rotating member and sweep the object space by rotation of the rotating member about the center of the involute generating circle. An object of the lens system includes a light emitter and a light detector positioned adjacent to one another. As the measurement zone is swept, a minimum of the output signal from the light detector occurs when the image is momentarily in focus upon the surface of a workpiece within the measurement zone. The dimension of the object space upon focus is determined by monitoring the angular orientation of the specular surfaces and this angular orientation is utilized to determine the distance to the surface of the workpiece.
摘要翻译：图像的焦点通过扫过透镜系统的物体空间的多个凸起的镜面而扫过透镜系统的图像空间中的测量区域，以改变物体空间。镜面形成为近似渐开线曲线，并且透镜系统的光轴以与由镜面近似的渐开线曲线的生成圆的切线为中心。镜面安装在旋转构件中，并通过旋转构件围绕渐开线生成圆的中心旋转来扫掠物体空间。透镜系统的一个目的是包括一个发光器和一个彼此相邻定位的光检测器。当扫描测量区域时，当图像瞬间聚焦在测量区域内的工件表面时，会发生来自光检测器的输出信号的最小值。通过监视镜面的角度取向来确定焦点上的物体空间的尺寸，并且使用该角度取向来确定到工件表面的距离。

5. 发明授权

US4097849A Electronic comparator for process control 失效
标题翻译：用于过程控制的电子比较器
公开(公告)号：US4097849A
公开(公告)日：1978-06-27
申请号：US726990
申请日：1976-09-27
申请人： Francis M. Taylor
发明人： Francis M. Taylor
IPC分类号： G05B1/02 , G01B11/00 , G01B11/04 , G01B11/06 , G01B11/10 , G05B1/01 , G05B1/03 , G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G05B19/401 , G05B2219/37286 , G05B2219/37499 , G05B2219/37539
摘要： An optical micrometer scans an article passing through its zone of measurement to provide a series of pulses representing the dimension of an article. Each new measurement is compared against a previous measurement, or an average of a predetermined number of previous measurements, and the difference is then compared to a previously established deviation limit. If this difference does not exceed the deviation limit, then the new measurement is transferred to the output of the circuit for utilization by the system, but if this difference exceeds the deviation limit, then the previous measurement signal will be transferred to the output. An alarm is provided whenever a predetermined number of new measurement signals outside the deviation limit occur within a certain number of measurement intervals.
摘要翻译：光学千分尺扫描通过其测量区域的物品，以提供代表制品尺寸的一系列脉冲。将每个新的测量值与先前的测量值或预先确定的先前测量值的平均值进行比较，然后将该差值与之前建立的偏差极限进行比较。如果该差异不超过偏差极限，则将新的测量值传送到电路输出，供系统使用，但如果该差值超过偏差极限，则前一测量信号将传输到输出。只要在一定数量的测量间隔内发生超出偏差极限的预定数量的新测量信号，则提供警报。

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