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    • 5. 发明申请
    • SPIN TRANSISTOR
    • 旋转晶体管
    • WO1997041606A1
    • 1997-11-06
    • PCT/GB1997001167
    • 1997-04-28
    • ISIS INNOVATION LIMITEDGREGG, John, FrancisSPARKS, Patricia, Dresel
    • ISIS INNOVATION LIMITED
    • H01L43/00
    • H01L29/66984
    • The spin transistor is a hybrid magnetic/semiconductor transistor in which a magnetically controllable barrier (5) is provided between a semiconductor base (4) and collector (3) to control the diffusion of charge carriers to the collector (3). With the spin transistor the charge carrier populations are distinguished by the direction of the spin or magnetic moment of the carriers instead of the electronic charge. A spin injector (1) is used to spin polarise the charge carrier population so that the population has a selected magnetic moment which population may or may not be enabled to flow to the collector via the magnetic barrier. The spin transistor utilises the electronic characteristics of a conventional semiconductor transistor in combination with a carrier flow controlled by magnetic moment to maximise gain.
    • 自旋晶体管是混合磁/半导体晶体管,其中在半导体基底(4)和集电极(3)之间设置有可控制的屏障(5),以控制载流子到集电极(3)的扩散。 对于自旋晶体管,载流子群体通过载流子的自旋或磁矩的方向而不是电子电荷来区分。 自旋注入器(1)用于使电荷载体群旋转极化,使得群体具有选定的磁矩,其中群体可能或可能不能通过磁屏障流向收集器。 旋转晶体管利用常规半导体晶体管的电子特性与由磁矩控制的载流相结合,以使增益最大化。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • FLUID VELOCITY MEASUREMENT APPARATUS
    • 流体速度测量装置
    • WO1995033999A1
    • 1995-12-14
    • PCT/GB1995001278
    • 1995-06-02
    • ISIS INNOVATION LIMITEDAINSWORTH, Roger, WilliamTHORPE, Steven, John
    • ISIS INNOVATION LIMITED
    • G01P05/00
    • G01P5/26G01P5/001G01S7/4812G01S7/497G01S17/58G01S17/89G01S2007/52014
    • Fluid velocity measurement apparatus which utilises Doppler-shift spectral analysis includes a narrow line width light source (1), the light from which passes through a beam expander (3) to provide an irradiated region, for example a two-dimensional plane, in which velocity measurements may be taken. Light scattered from small particles in the irradiated region is collected in an imaging system (4) which enables spectral analysis of the scattered light for determining the velocity of the light scattering particles in the irradiated region. A single camera (13) is used in the imaging system (4) to obviate the need for costly electronics to synchronise images obtained. Also to improve the accuracy of measurement, selected parameters of the apparatus may be measured (2,5) to allow for perturbations in the velocity measurements obtained.
    • 利用多普勒频移分析的流体速度测量装置包括窄线宽度光源(1),来自光束扩展器(3)的光线从光束扩展器(3)提供照射区域,例如二维平面,其中 可以进行速度测量。 在照射区域的小颗粒散射的光被收集在能够对散射光进行光谱分析以确定照射区域中的光散射粒子的速度的成像系统(4)中。 在成像系统(4)中使用单个照相机(13),以避免需要昂贵的电子设备来同步所获得的图像。 另外为了提高测量精度,可以测量装置的选定参数(2,5)以允许所获得的速度测量值的扰动。