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    • 2. 发明申请
    • UNIVERSAL DIGITAL ARCHITECTURE FOR TRANSPORT OF CLIENT SIGNALS OF ANY CLIENT PAYLOAD AND FORMAT TYPE
    • 用于任何客户付费和格式类型客户端信号传输的通用数字体系结构
    • WO2006009732A1
    • 2006-01-26
    • PCT/US2005/021121
    • 2005-06-16
    • INFINERA CORPORATIONCHIANG, Ting-KuangPERKINS, Drew, D.SPRAGUE, Edward, E.MURPHY, Daniel, P.
    • CHIANG, Ting-KuangPERKINS, Drew, D.SPRAGUE, Edward, E.MURPHY, Daniel, P.
    • H04J3/16
    • H04J3/1652H04J3/07H04J2203/0012H04J2203/0025
    • Client signals to be transported in a transmission network, particularly an optical transmission network, may have different payload envelope rates and are digitally mapped on the client egress side into first transport frames (also referred to as iDTF frames, or intra-node or internal digital transport frames), at the client side for intra-transport within terminal network elements (NEs) and further digitally mapped into second transport frames (also referred to as DTFs or digital transport frames) for inter-transport across the network or a link which, through byte stuffing carried out in the first transport frames so that they always have the same frame size. As a result, the system of framers provides for a DTF format to always have a uniformly universal frame rate throughout the network supporting any client signal frequency, whether a standard client payload or a proprietary client payload, as long as its rate is below payload envelope rate of the client signal. At the client signal ingress side, the signal are digitally demapped from the second transport frames (DTF format) into the first transport frames where the stuff bytes are removed and accordingly processed at an intermediate node element before further transport, or digitally demapped from the first transport frames (iDTF format) to reproduce or reassemble the client signal or signals comprising the client payload at the client payload envelope rate for reception at the client's equipment. Among various features disclosed, two predominate features are (1) a single channel or network rate for transport of all signals between network elements (NEs) and end terminal network elements and (2) the digitally wrapping of different types of payloads into N client side or first frames using stuff bytes to render each client side frame size equal to a predetermined value. Then the stuffed first frames are wrapped into line side or second frames for transport over the network at the same high speed line rate for all digitally wrapped client signals. The client side framers may be, for example, running at the lowest signal rate encountered, to digitally wrap then into parallel N client signals or digitally wrap a client signal multi-sected into N parts, where these two different client signals have different payload rates.
    • 要在传输网络,特别是光传输网络中传输的客户端信号可以具有不同的有效载荷包络速率,并且在客户端出口侧被数字地映射到第一传输帧(也称为iDTF帧,或节点内部或内部数字 传输帧),在客户端用于在终端网元(NE)内进行内部传输,并进一步数字地映射到第二传输帧(也称为DTF或数字传输帧),用于通过网络进行跨传输,或链路, 通过在第一个传输帧中执行的字节填充,使得它们总是具有相同的帧大小。 因此,成帧器系统提供了一种DTF格式,在整个网络中始终具有统一的通用帧速率,支持任何客户端信号频率,无论是标准客户机有效载荷还是专有客户端有效载荷,只要其速率低于有效载荷 客户端信号的速率。 在客户端信号入口端,信号从第二传输帧(DTF格式)被数字地解映射到第一传输帧中,其中填充字节被去除,并且在进一步传输之前在中间节点元素处进行处理,或者从第一传输帧进行数字解映射 传输帧(iDTF格式)以客户端的有效载荷包络速率再现或重新组合客户端信号或包括客户端有效载荷的信号,以便在客户端的设备处接收。 在所公开的各种特征中,两个主要特征是(1)用于在网络元件(NE)和终端终端网络元件之间传输所有信号的单个信道或网络速率,以及(2)将不同类型的有效载荷数字地包装到N个客户端 或使用填充字节的第一帧来呈现每个客户端帧大小等于预定值。 然后,填充的第一帧被包装成线路侧或第二帧,以便以相同的高速线路速率在网络上传输用于所有数字包装的客户端信号。 客户侧构造器可以例如以遇到的最低信号速率运行,以数字方式将其并入N个客户端信号,或将多个客户端信号数字地包围N个部分,其中这两个不同的客户信号具有不同的有效载荷率 。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • DUAL ASYNCRONOUS MAPPING OF CLIENT SIGNALS OF ARBITRARY RATE
    • 客户信号的双异步映射
    • WO2009100386A2
    • 2009-08-13
    • PCT/US2009/033472
    • 2009-02-06
    • INFINERA CORPORATIONCHIANG, Ting-KuangSPRAGUE, Edward, E.
    • CHIANG, Ting-KuangSPRAGUE, Edward, E.
    • H04J3/00
    • H04J3/076H04J3/1611
    • A network may include an ingress node that is configured to receive a client signal having a client rate that is one of a multiple different client rates, asynchronously map the client signal into a first frame of a first rate, asynchronously map the first frame into a second frame of a second rate, and output the second frame on the network; an intermediate node that is configured to receive the second frame, recover the first frame from the second frame, asynchronously map the first frame into a third frame of a third rate, and output the third frame on the network, where the intermediate node does not recover the client signal from the first frame; and an egress node that is configured to receive the third frame, recover the first frame from the third frame, recover the client signal from the first frame, and output the client signal.
    • 网络可以包括入口节点,该入口节点被配置为接收具有作为多个不同客户端速率之一的客户端速率的客户端信号,将客户端信号异步地映射到第一速率的第一帧 ,将第一帧异步映射到第二速率的第二帧中,并在网络上输出第二帧; 中间节点,其被配置为接收第二帧,从第二帧中恢复第一帧,将第一帧异步映射到第三速率的第三帧中,并且在网络上输出第三帧,其中中间节点没有 从第一帧恢复客户信号; 以及出口节点,其被配置为接收第三帧,从第三帧恢复第一帧,从第一帧恢复客户端信号,并输出客户端信号。
    • 7. 发明申请
    • NETWORK SWITCHES SYSTEMS FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS
    • WO2021072409A1
    • 2021-04-15
    • PCT/US2020/055434
    • 2020-10-13
    • VEGURU, TulasiWELCH, David F.PLANTARE, MatsPARANJAPE, PrasadCHIANG, Ting-KuangELMER, Gus
    • VEGURU, TulasiWELCH, David F.PLANTARE, MatsPARANJAPE, PrasadCHIANG, Ting-KuangELMER, Gus
    • H04J14/02H04J14/06
    • Optical subcarriers may be employed to transmit data in a point-to-multi-point network whereby a hub node including a network switch receives such data from a client and transmits information indicative of such data to multiple leaf or network nodes, where data intended for such leaf node is output. Often the rate at which data is supplied to the hub node is different than the rate at which information indicative of the data is transmitted. Moreover, the client data may have a format that is different than that associated with the transmitted information indicative of the client data. Consistent with the present disclosure, client data is inverse multiplexed to lower data rate streams and then multiplexed to a plurality of inputs, each of which corresponding to a respective optical subcarrier. Information indicative of the data may be allocated to multiple subcarriers, if the a single carrier lacks sufficient capacity or bandwidth to meet the bandwidth requirements of the leaf node. Buffer circuits may also be employed to "shape" or delay the outputs or flows of the multiplexer so that data is fed, for example, to a transmit portion of chip 200b of the network switch at a uniform rate rather than in non-uniform data bursts, which, under certain circumstances, could exceed the capacity of such transmit portion. In a further example, leaf nodes include circuitry for monitoring the amount of received data, and, if such received exceeds a certain threshold, a request is sent from the leaf node to the hub to transmit data at a rate equal to or substantially equal to the received data rate. As a result, symmetric data flows may be achieved whereby the leaf nodes transmit and receive data at the same or substantially the same rate.