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1. 发明专利

GB2490389A Homogenizing light-pipe with non-planar entrance surface used in photovoltaic solar concentrators 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2490389A
公开(公告)日：2012-10-31
申请号：GB201204933
申请日：2012-03-21
申请人： IBM
发明人： MARTIN YVES , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN , HAIGHT RICHARD ALAN
IPC分类号： H01L31/052
摘要： A light-pipe 10 suitable for use within an solar concentrator assembly has a monotonically tapering width between two sidewalls 21 and the light-pipe is suitable to be positioned between a focussing element 132 and a photo-voltaic cell 12. Preferably such an assembly is repeatedly used in an array (figures 1a,b). The light-pipe has a non-planar surface 25 that contributes by diffraction and/or refraction to the homogenisation of light at the exit of the light-pipe at cell surface 22. The light pipe comprises a transparent material. Figure 5 show only one possibility for a non-planar surface of the light-pipe with multiple concave and convex portions; figure 4 shows multiple concave shapes for surface (24), figure 3 shows a single concave surface (23). Embodiments of Figures 3 to 5 have a de-focussing effect. Figure 6 shows a surface carrying multiple transparent particles (26). Figure 7 shows a diffraction grating or surface with randomized depressions (27) formed on or in a transparent layer (40). Embodiments of figures 8 to 10 show a non-planar interface (28, 29, 30) formed between at least second transparent material layer (50) that preferably has a different refractive index to the underlying light-pipe 10. Figure 11 shows particles (26) within such a second transparent material layer (50).

2. 发明专利

GB2487881B Method and apparatus for in situ solar flat panel diagnostics 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2487881B
公开(公告)日：2013-10-16
申请号：GB201209027
申请日：2010-10-18
申请人： IBM
发明人： GUHA SUPRATIK , MARTIN YVES , SANDSTROM ROBERT , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN
IPC分类号： G01J1/42 , G06T7/00

3. 发明专利

GB2514036A Techniques for grid coupling photovoltaic cells using ratiometric voltage conversion 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2514036A
公开(公告)日：2014-11-12
申请号：GB201413830
申请日：2013-01-30
申请人： IBM
发明人： KIRCHNER PETER DANIEL , MANZER DENNIS G , MARTIN YVES C , PICUNKO THOMAS , SANDSTROM ROBERT L , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN
IPC分类号： H02J3/38
摘要： Techniques for electrical power transfer in photovoltaic systems are provided. In one aspect, a photovoltaic system includes an array of photovoltaic power producing elements (e.g., concentrator photovoltaic cells); a power receiving unit; and at least one ratiometric DC to DC converter connected to both the array of photovoltaic power producing elements and the power receiving unit. The array of photovoltaic power producing elements can include a plurality of the photovoltaic power producing elements connected in series or in parallel. In another aspect, a method of transferring electrical power from an array of photovoltaic power producing elements to a power receiving unit includes the following step. At least one ratiometric DC to DC converter is connected to both the array of photovoltaic power producing elements and the power receiving unit. The at least one ratiometric DC to DC converter is configured to alter a voltage output from the array.

4. 发明专利

GB2488421B Grid-line-free contact for a photovoltaic cell 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2488421B
公开(公告)日：2013-11-20
申请号：GB201202928
申请日：2010-10-26
申请人： IBM
发明人： MOUMEN NAIM , MARTIN YVES , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN , SANDSTROM ROBERT , GUHA SUPRATIK
IPC分类号： H01L31/0224 , H01L31/0687
摘要： Electrical contact to the front side of a photovoltaic cell is provided by an array of conductive through-substrate vias, and optionally, an array of conductive blocks located on the front side of the photovoltaic cell. A dielectric liner provides electrical isolation of each conductive through-substrate via from the semiconductor material of the photovoltaic cell. A dielectric layer on the backside of the photovoltaic cell is patterned to cover a contiguous region including all of the conductive through-substrate vias, while exposing a portion of the backside of the photovoltaic cell. A conductive material layer is deposited on the back surface of the photovoltaic cell, and is patterned to form a first conductive wiring structure that electrically connects the conductive through-substrate vias and a second conductive wiring structure that provides electrical connection to the backside of the photovoltaic cell.

5. 发明专利

GB2490389B Homogenizing light-pipe for solar concentrators 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2490389B
公开(公告)日：2013-06-19
申请号：GB201204933
申请日：2012-03-21
申请人： IBM
发明人： MARTIN YVES , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN , HAIGHT RICHARD ALAN
IPC分类号： H01L31/052
摘要： A light pipe that can be employed for a Concentrator Photo-Voltaic (CPV) system is provided. The light pipe homogenizes light by diffusion and/or refraction, and can be embodied in a structure that has a low aspect ratio. The diffusion and/or refraction can be effected by concave or convex surfaces of a transparent medium that forms a body of the light pipe, by light diffracting particles, and/or by a diffracting surface. Optionally, multiple transparent media can be employed with a refracting and/or diffracting interface therebetween. The reduced aspect ratio of the light pipe can improve reliability of mechanical alignment in the CPV system as well as reducing the cost of manufacturing and/or aligning the light pipe within the CPV system.

6. 发明专利

GB2488421A Grid-line-free contact for a photovoltaic cell 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2488421A
公开(公告)日：2012-08-29
申请号：GB201202928
申请日：2010-10-26
申请人： IBM
发明人： MOUMEN NAIM , MARTIN YVES , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN , SANDSTROM ROBERT , GUHA SUPRATIK
IPC分类号： H01L31/0224 , H01L31/0687
摘要： Electrical contact to the front side of a photovoltaic cell is provided by an array of conductive through-substrate vias, and optionally, an array of conductive blocks located on the front side of the photovoltaic cell. A dielectric liner provides electrical isolation of each conductive through-substrate via from the semiconductor material of the photovoltaic cell. A dielectric layer on the backside of the photovoltaic cell is patterned to cover a contiguous region including all of the conductive through-substrate vias, while exposing a portion of the backside of the photovoltaic cell. A conductive material layer is deposited on the back surface of the photovoltaic cell, and is patterned to form a first conductive wiring structure that electrically connects the conductive through-substrate vias and a second conductive wiring structure that provides electrical connection to the backside of the photovoltaic cell.

7. 发明专利

GB2487881A Method and apparatus for in situ solar flat panel diagnostics 未知
公开(公告)号：GB2487881A
公开(公告)日：2012-08-08
申请号：GB201209027
申请日：2010-10-18
申请人： IBM
发明人： GUHA SUPRATIK , MARTIN YVES , SANDSTROM ROBERT , KESSEL THEODORE GERARD VAN
IPC分类号： G01J1/42
摘要： Techniques for analyzing performance of solar panels and/or cells are provided. In one aspect, a method for analyzing an infrared thermal image taken using an infrared camera is provided. The method includes the following steps. The infrared thermal image is converted to temperature data. Individual elements are isolated in the infrared thermal image. The temperature data for each isolated element is tabulated. A performance status of each isolated element is determined based on the tabulated temperature data. The individual elements can include solar panels and/or solar cells. In another aspect, an infrared diagnostic system is provided. The infrared diagnostic system includes an infrared camera which can be remotely positioned relative to one or more elements to be imaged; and a computer configured to receive thermal images from the infrared camera, via a communication link, and analyze the thermal images.

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