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1. 发明授权

US08117160B1 Methods and apparatus for creating point in time copies in a file system using reference counts 有权
标题翻译：使用引用计数在文件系统中创建时间点副本的方法和设备
公开(公告)号：US08117160B1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12241715
申请日：2008-09-30
申请人： Hongliang Tang , Sairam Veeraswamy , Peter Bixby
发明人： Hongliang Tang , Sairam Veeraswamy , Peter Bixby
IPC分类号： G06F7/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30088
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to maintaining reference counts in a file system to track when a block is available to be freed. When a snapshot copy of a file is created, rather than copying all the blocks of the file for the snapshot copy, the snapshot inode is given pointers to the blocks of the file. Rather than updating the reference counts for all these blocks to indicate that they are now in use by more than one file, the update of reference counts for at least some of these blocks may be deferred until a later time.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及在文件系统中维护引用计数以跟踪块何时可以被释放。当创建文件的快照副本时，而不是复制快照副本的文件的所有块，快照inode将指向文件块。不是更新所有这些块的引用计数，以指示它们现在被多个文件使用，所以至少这些块中的一些的引用计数的更新可以推迟到更晚的时间。

2. 发明授权

US08250035B1 Methods and apparatus for creating a branch file in a file system 有权
标题翻译：在文件系统中创建分支文件的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08250035B1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-21
申请号：US12241743
申请日：2008-09-30
申请人： Hongliang Tang , Sairam Veeraswamy , Peter Bixby
发明人： Hongliang Tang , Sairam Veeraswamy , Peter Bixby
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/00 , G06F12/00 , G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30088
摘要： Embodiments of the invention relate to maintaining reference counts in a file system to track when a block is available to be freed. When a snapshot copy of a file is created, rather than copying all the blocks of the file for the snapshot copy, the snapshot inode is given pointers to the blocks of the file. Rather than updating the reference counts for all these blocks to indicate that they are now in use by more than one file, the update of reference counts for at least some of these blocks may be deferred until a later time.
摘要翻译：本发明的实施例涉及在文件系统中维护引用计数以跟踪块何时可以被释放。当创建文件的快照副本时，而不是复制快照副本的文件的所有块，快照inode将指向文件块。不是更新所有这些块的引用计数，以指示它们现在被多个文件使用，所以至少这些块中的一些的引用计数的更新可以推迟到更晚的时间。

3. 发明授权

US08095577B1 Managing metadata 有权
标题翻译：管理元数据
公开(公告)号：US08095577B1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US12917910
申请日：2010-11-02
申请人： Sorin Faibish , Peter Bixby , Uday K. Gupta , Walter A. O'Brien, III , Stephen A. Fridella
发明人： Sorin Faibish , Peter Bixby , Uday K. Gupta , Walter A. O'Brien, III , Stephen A. Fridella
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30091 , G06F3/0685 , G06F3/0689
摘要： A method is used in managing metadata. Data of an object is stored in a magnetic hard disk set in an object addressable data storage system. Metadata for the object is stored in an SSD set in the object addressable data storage system. The metadata includes information necessary for determining the location of the data of the object in the magnetic hard disk set.
摘要翻译：一种方法用于管理元数据。对象的数据被存储在对象可寻址数据存储系统中的磁性硬盘集中。对象的元数据存储在目标可寻址数据存储系统中的SSD集中。元数据包括确定磁性硬盘组中对象的数据位置所需的信息。

4. 发明授权

US07096481B1 Preparation of metadata for splicing of encoded MPEG video and audio 有权
标题翻译：准备用于拼接编码MPEG视频和音频的元数据
公开(公告)号：US07096481B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US09540306
申请日：2000-03-31
申请人： John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： John Forecast , Daniel Gardere , Peter Bixby , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： H04N7/12
CPC分类号： H04N21/44016 , H04N21/23406 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/23608 , H04N21/44004
摘要： Metadata for splicing of an encoded digital motion video stream (such as an MPEG Transport Stream) is prepared in real time while recording at the encoding bit rate and faster than encoded bit rate for off line encoding independent of the bit rate and mechanisms for ingestion of the data stream into data storage. Preprocessing is performed during a metered file transfer protocol (FTP) and includes pseudo real-time encoding. The preprocessing includes Group of Pictures (GOP) level pre-processing of splicing In Points and results in an intimate linkage between metadata and the file system in which the video data is stored. The preferred file system enables access to metadata in parallel to writing the data on disk. The pre-processing is performed simultaneous to writing the data to the disk using a carousel type buffer mechanism.
摘要翻译：用于编码的数字运动视频流（例如MPEG传输流）的拼接的元数据是以编码比特率记录并且比编码的比特率更快地编码，用于离线编码，独立于比特率和摄取的机制将数据流转换成数据存储。预处理在计量文件传输协议（FTP）期间执行，并包括伪实时编码。预处理包括拼接In点的图像组（GOP）级预处理，并且导致元数据和存储视频数据的文件系统之间的密切连接。首选文件系统可以并行访问元数据以将数据写入磁盘。使用轮播式缓冲机制将数据同时写入到磁盘上进行预处理。

5. 发明授权

US07555504B2 Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file 有权
标题翻译：维护包含生产文件的只读和读写快照副本的文件版本集
公开(公告)号：US07555504B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US10668546
申请日：2003-09-23
申请人： Peter Bixby , Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish
发明人： Peter Bixby , Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.
摘要翻译：基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。版本指针和分支指针链接inode。最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

6. 发明授权

US07174561B2 MPEG dual-channel decoder data and control protocols for real-time video streaming 有权
标题翻译： MPEG双通道解码器数据和控制协议，用于实时视频流
公开(公告)号：US07174561B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US09834427
申请日：2001-04-13
申请人： Peter Bixby , John Forecast , William O. Hultin , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
发明人： Peter Bixby , John Forecast , William O. Hultin , Sorin Faibish , Wayne W. Duso
IPC分类号： H04N7/173
CPC分类号： H04N21/23424 , H04N21/44016
摘要： A system for producing multiple concurrent real-time video streams from stored MPEG video clips includes a video server and at least one MPEG decoder array. The decoder array has multiple decoder pairs, each pair having a video switch for switching from one decoder in the pair to the other at a specified time. Switching may occur from a specified Out-point frame to a specified In-point frame, and the specified frames can be any frame type at any location in the group of pictures (GOP) structure. In a preferred construction, the video server has a controller server linked to a series of data mover computers, each controlling one or more respective decoder arrays. The data mover computers use a control protocol to control the decoder arrays, and each decoder uses a data protocol to request data from a respective data mover computer.
摘要翻译：用于从存储的MPEG视频剪辑产生多个并发实时视频流的系统包括视频服务器和至少一个MPEG解码器阵列。解码器阵列具有多个解码器对，每对具有用于在指定时间从一对解码器切换到另一个的视频切换器。可以从指定的Out-Point帧到指定的In-point帧进行切换，并且指定的帧可以是图像组（GOP）结构中的任何位置处的任何帧类型。在优选结构中，视频服务器具有链接到一系列数据移动器计算机的控制器服务器，每个数据移动器计算机控制一个或多个相应的解码器阵列。数据移动器计算机使用控制协议来控制解码器阵列，并且每个解码器使用数据协议来从相应的数据移动器计算机请求数据。

7. 发明申请

US20050065986A1 Maintenance of a file version set including read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file 有权
标题翻译：维护包含生产文件的只读和读写快照副本的文件版本集
公开(公告)号：US20050065986A1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-24
申请号：US10668546
申请日：2003-09-23
申请人： Peter Bixby , Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish
发明人： Peter Bixby , Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30088 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： Read-only and read-write snapshot copies of a production file in a Unix-based file system are organized as a version set of file inodes and shared file blocks. Version pointers and branch pointers link the inodes. Initially the production file can have all its blocks preallocated or it can be a sparse file having only an inode and its last data block. A protocol is provided for creating read-only and read-write snapshots, deleting snapshots, restoring the production file with a specified snapshot, refreshing a specified snapshot, and naming the snapshots. Block pointers are marked with a flag indicating whether or not the pointed-to block is owned by the parent inode. A non-owner marking is inherited by all of the block's descendants. The block ownership controls the copying of indirect blocks when writing to the production file, and also controls deallocation and passing of blocks when deleting a read-only snapshot.
摘要翻译：基于Unix的文件系统中的生产文件的只读和读写快照副本被组织为文件inode和共享文件块的版本集。版本指针和分支指针链接inode。最初，生产文件可以预先分配其所有块，也可以是只有一个inode及其最后一个数据块的稀疏文件。提供了一种协议，用于创建只读和读写快照，删除快照，使用指定的快照还原生产文件，刷新指定的快照以及命名快照。块指针标有一个标志，指示指向块是否由父节点所拥有。非所有者标记由所有块的后代继承。块所有权控制在写入生产文件时复制间接块，并在删除只读快照时控制块的释放和传递。

8. 发明授权

US06871006B1 Processing of MPEG encoded video for trick mode operation 有权
标题翻译：用于特技模式操作的MPEG编码视频的处理
公开(公告)号：US06871006B1
公开(公告)日：2005-03-22
申请号：US09608919
申请日：2000-06-30
申请人： Seyfullah H. Oguz , Sorin Faibish , Daniel Gardere , Michel Noury , Wayne W. Duso , Peter Bixby , John Forecast
发明人： Seyfullah H. Oguz , Sorin Faibish , Daniel Gardere , Michel Noury , Wayne W. Duso , Peter Bixby , John Forecast
IPC分类号： G11B27/031 , G11B27/034 , H04N5/783 , H04N7/173 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/46 , H04N9/804 , H04N9/82 , H04N5/76
CPC分类号： H04N21/6587 , G11B27/031 , G11B27/034 , H04N5/783 , H04N7/17336 , H04N9/8042 , H04N9/8227 , H04N19/132 , H04N19/18 , H04N19/59 , H04N19/70 , H04N19/93 , H04N21/23424 , H04N21/234363 , H04N21/234381 , H04N21/23439 , H04N21/2662 , H04N21/44016
摘要： Original-quality MPEG coded video is processed to produce reduced-quality MPEG coded video for trick mode operation by removing non-zero AC DCT coefficients from the 8×8 blocks of I-frames of the MPEG coded video to produce I-frames of reduced-quality MPEG coded video, and inserting freeze frames in the reduced-quality MPEG coded video. Preferably, the coded video is stored in a main file, a fast-forward file and a fast-reverse file. The fast forward file and the fast reverse files contain reduced-quality I frames corresponding to original-quality I frames in the main file. A reading of the main file produces an MPEG transport stream for an audio-visual presentation at a normal rate, a reading of the fast-forward file produces an MPEG transport stream of the audio-visual presentation in a forward direction at a fast rate, and a reading of the fast-reverse file produces an MPEG transport stream of the audio-visual presentation in a reverse direction at a fast rate. Preferably, the files share a volume that includes at least one GOP index associating the corresponding I frames of the files.
摘要翻译：处理原始质量的MPEG编码视频，以通过从MPEG编码视频的I帧的8×8块中去除非零AC DCT系数来产生用于特技模式操作的低质量MPEG编码视频，以产生低质量的I帧 MPEG编码视频，并且在缩减质量的MPEG编码视频中插入冻结帧。优选地，编码视频被存储在主文件，快进文件和快速反转文件中。快进文件和快速反转文件包含与主文件中的原始质量I帧相对应的低质量I帧。主文件的读取以正常速率产生用于视听呈现的MPEG传输流，快进文件的读取以快速的速率产生前向方向的视听呈现的MPEG传输流，并且快速反转文件的读取以快速的速率产生相反方向的视听呈现的MPEG传输流。优选地，文件共享包含关联文件的相应I帧的至少一个GOP索引的卷。

9. 发明授权

US08402226B1 Rate proportional cache write-back in a storage server 有权
标题翻译：在存储服务器中进行比例缓存回写
公开(公告)号：US08402226B1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-19
申请号：US12818577
申请日：2010-06-18
申请人： Sorin Faibish , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Philippe Armangau , Sitaram Pawar
发明人： Sorin Faibish , John Forecast , Peter Bixby , Philippe Armangau , Sitaram Pawar
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F12/0804 , G06F12/0868
摘要： Based on a count of the number of dirty pages in a cache memory, the dirty pages are written from the cache memory to a storage array at a rate having a component proportional to the rate of change in the number of dirty pages in the cache memory. For example, a desired flush rate is computed by adding a first term to a second term. The first term is proportional to the rate of change in the number of dirty pages in the cache memory, and the second term is proportional to the number of dirty pages in the cache memory. The rate component has a smoothing effect on incoming I/O bursts and permits cache flushing to occur at a higher rate closer to the maximum storage array throughput without a significant detrimental impact on client application performance.
摘要翻译：基于高速缓冲存储器中脏页数的计数，脏页以高速缓冲存储器中的脏页数的变化率成比例的速率从高速缓冲存储器写入存储阵列。例如，通过将第一项添加到第二项来计算所需的刷新速率。第一项与高速缓冲存储器中脏页数的变化率成比例，第二项与高速缓冲存储器中的脏页数成比例。速率组件对传入的I / O突发具有平滑效果，并允许高速缓存刷新以更高的速率发生，更接近最大存储阵列吞吐量，而不会对客户端应用程序性能造成重大的不利影响。

10. 发明授权

US07865485B2 Multi-threaded write interface and methods for increasing the single file read and write throughput of a file server 有权
标题翻译：多线程写入接口和增加单个文件读取和写入文件服务器吞吐量的方法
公开(公告)号：US07865485B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US10668467
申请日：2003-09-23
申请人： Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish , Peter Bixby
发明人： Sachin Mullick , Jiannan Zheng , Xiaoye Jiang , Sorin Faibish , Peter Bixby
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/00 , G06F12/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30171 , G06F11/1466 , G06F2201/84
摘要： A write interface in a file server provides permission management for concurrent access to data blocks of a file, ensures correct use and update of indirect blocks in a tree of the file, preallocates file blocks when the file is extended, solves access conflicts for concurrent reads and writes to the same block, and permits the use of pipelined processors. For example, a write operation includes obtaining a per file allocation mutex (mutually exclusive lock), preallocating a metadata block, releasing the allocation mutex, issuing an asynchronous write request for writing to the file, waiting for the asynchronous write request to complete, obtaining the allocation mutex, committing the preallocated metadata block, and releasing the allocation mutex. Since no locks are held during the writing of data to the on-disk storage and this data write takes the majority of the time, the method enhances concurrency while maintaining data integrity.
摘要翻译：文件服务器中的写接口提供对并发访问文件数据块的权限管理，确保文件树中间接块的正确使用和更新，扩展文件时预分配文件块，解决并发读取的访问冲突并写入同一个块，并允许使用流水线处理器。例如，写入操作包括获得每个文件分配互斥（互斥锁），预先分配元数据块，释放分配互斥体，发出用于写入文件的异步写入请求，等待异步写入请求完成，获得分配互斥体，提交预先分配的元数据块，以及释放分配互斥体。由于在将数据写入磁盘存储器期间没有锁定，并且此数据写入占用大部分时间，因此该方法在保持数据完整性的同时增强了并发性。

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