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1. 发明专利

DE3576248D1 未知
公开(公告)号：DE3576248D1
公开(公告)日：1990-04-05
申请号：DE3576248
申请日：1985-10-17
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： TAKEUCHI SEIJI , EBARA KATSUYA , KAMO TOMOICHI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , HORIBA TATSUO , KUMAGAI TERUO , TAMURA KOUKI , KITAMI KUNKO
IPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M8/00 , D21H25/00
摘要： A fuel cell electrode having a catalyst layer (5, 10) comprising electroconductive particles carrying a catalytically active component and a binder on a water-repellent baked plate (4, 9) comprising a carbon paper comprising carbon fiber and an organic binder and polytetrafluoroethylene infiltrated into voids of said carbon paper, characterized in that the carbon fiber of said baked plate (4, 9) has at least 20 cutting edges per square millimeter, and said polytetrafluoroethylene is infiltrated into at least one of said cutting edges to render the plate (4, 9) flexible.

2. 发明专利

JPS60184647A METHOD FOR RECOVERING NOBLE METAL FROM FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS60184647A
公开(公告)日：1985-09-20
申请号：JP3898584
申请日：1984-03-01
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： HORIBA TATSUO , KAMO YUUICHI , TAMURA KOUKI , IKEMOTO NORIO , SATOU FUMIO , NOMURA YOUICHI
IPC分类号： H01M8/04 , C22B11/00 , C25C1/20
摘要： PURPOSE:To recover efficiently and simply a noble metal used as a catalyst for an electrode for a fuel cell by leaching the noble metal in an electrolytic soln. by electrochemical oxidation. CONSTITUTION:When a noble metal used as a catalyst for an electrode for a fuel cell is recovered, an electrolytic soln. contg. an ion or a ligand which forms a complex ion with the noble metal and makes the noble metal soluble is fed to the electrode, and the noble metal is leached by electrolysis and recovered. This method is applicable to Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Au or the like, and the used ion or ligand is Cl , Br , I , CN , NH3, NO2 , ethylenediamine, pyridine, malonic acid or acetylacetone.

3. 发明专利

JPS60165053A FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS60165053A
公开(公告)日：1985-08-28
申请号：JP2055384
申请日：1984-02-07
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： TAKEUCHI SEIJI , KAMO YUUICHI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , HORIBA TATSUO , KUMAGAI TERUO , KITAMI NORIKO , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M4/86 , H01M8/00
摘要： PURPOSE:To prevent any electric short circuit and decrease in the performance of the electrode which might occur due to electrolyte leakage by controlling the molecular size of an electrolyte and the sizes of the small holes of the electrode so that an oxidant or a fuel can pass but the electrolyte can not pass through battery components installed between a catalyst layer and an oxidant chamber or fuel chamber. CONSTITUTION:A lowly polymerized macromolecular electrolyte 21 is used as an electrolyte 13 and methanol is used as a fuel 14. The molecular size of the electrolyte 21 is adjusted to be smaller than that of methanol. The diameters of the small holes of a catalyst layer 11 gradually decrease from the electrolyte side to the fuel chamber side. In this fuel electrode, the electrolyte 21 enters the innermost area of the catalyst layer 11 and does not permeate into the fuel chamber. The fuel 14 permeates into the catalyst layer 11 and therefore an area 15 works as a reaction area. As a result, the performance of this fuel cell is maintained high and any permeation of the electrolyte 21 into the fuel chamber is prevented.

4. 发明专利

JPS6097556A FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS6097556A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-31
申请号：JP20468183
申请日：1983-11-02
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： KUMAGAI TERUO , KAMO YUUICHI , HORIBA TATSUO , TAKEUCHI SEIJI , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KITAMI NORIKO , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M8/06
摘要： PURPOSE:To prevent deterioration of cell performance which occurs during long operation by installing a removing unit of halogen and carbon monoxide in each of supply holes of fuel and oxidizing agent. CONSTITUTION:A unit which removes by adsorption chlorine and carbon monoxide which come from fuel and oxidizing agent is installed before each of electrodes. Electroconductive noble metal powder, carbon carrier, or platinum or gold impregnated or deposited carbon carrier is filled in the unit. For example, platinum impregnated carrier adsorbes chlorine ion. When potential is applied to the unit, adsorbed chlorine is desorbed as chlorine gas the ic reaction, and the unit is refreshed. If the unit is demountable, it is refreshed by washing. Therefore, a fuel cell can keep high performance for a long time.

5. 发明专利

JPS6062063A ACTIVATION METHOD OF ELECTRODE FOR FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS6062063A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-10
申请号：JP16898783
申请日：1983-09-13
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： KUMAGAI TERUO , HORIBA TATSUO , TAKEUCHI SEIJI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , KITAMI NORIKO , KAMO YUUICHI , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M4/88 , H01M8/04
摘要： PURPOSE:To prevent an electrode catalyzer from being poisoned and enable to maintain electrode performance highly by removing chlorine ion, fluorine ion, etc. from the electrode before operation of a fuel cell after assembling it and at the time of stopping the operation of the fuel cell. CONSTITUTION:An electrode catalyzer is activated by removing halogen system composition from an electrode catalyzer which is poisoned by halogen system composition such as chlorine ion, fluorine ion, etc. An activation treatment like this can be operated before operation of a fuel cell and after assembling it or at the time of stopping operation of the fuel cell. An electro-chemical method is to perform an anode reaction at a potential higher than the predetermined level, by an outisde electric power against a fuel pole which is incorporated into the cell. Further, a cleaning method is to circulate de-ionized water, electrolyte and liquid fuel or composite liquid composed of these three through a fuel chamber and to clean the electrode catalyzer. Removing efficiency for the poisoned component of the catalyzer can be improved by using such electro-chemical method and cleaning method together.

6. 发明专利

JPS6023977A FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS6023977A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-06
申请号：JP13102583
申请日：1983-07-20
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： TAKEUCHI SEIJI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , KUMAGAI TERUO , HORIBA TATSUO , KITAMI NORIKO , KAMO YUUICHI , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M4/96 , H01M8/06
摘要： PURPOSE:To improve the performance of a methanol fuel cell in which air is used as an oxidant by increasing the partial pressure of oxygen in the air by installing a gas-separating film on the side from which the air is supplied. CONSTITUTION:After kneaded mixture consisting of an electrode catalyst containing 15wt% of platinum, polytetrafluoroethylene used as a water repellent agent and water is applied to a carbon paper consisting of a conductive porous base member by a wet reducing method using acetylene black as the carrier, this is then sintered in air to obtain an air electrode. Current density ratios obtained by this air electrode for an air-electrode electric potential of 0.8V, as indicated by curve 4 in the figure, attained lower levels than those for an ideal curve. However, when oxygenated air containing about 35% oxygen is supplied using an oxygenated film, a current density of 75mA/cm can be realized at 0.8V. This level is a great improvement as indicated by curve 3 in the figure. Polyoxyphenylene, ethyl cellulose or a similar substance can be used for the gas-separating film.

7. 发明专利

JPS6023962A ELECTRODE FOR FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS6023962A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-06
申请号：JP13103083
申请日：1983-07-20
申请人： HITACHI LTD
发明人： KITAMI NORIKO , KAMO YUUICHI , TAKEUCHI SEIJI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , HORIBA TATSUO , KUMAGAI TERUO , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M4/88 , B01J23/00 , B01J37/30 , H01M4/92 , H01M4/96
摘要： PURPOSE:To improve the mechanical strength of an electrode by coating a conductive porous plate with the platinum group metal carried on a catalytic support by the ion exchange method. CONSTITUTION:The conductive carbonaceous powder that is used as a support is previously oxidized and processed. By making the powder and a complex salt solution made of platinum group metal touch each other, one type or more platinum group metals are ion-exchanged and reduced to the support. A conductive porous plate is coated with this carrying catalyst. An electrode substrate must be porous and conductive, and it must be also resistant to chemicals so as not to be corrided by fuel or electrolytes. When hydrophilic material such as carbonnaceous material is used, it must previously be processed by fluorine resin dispersion, etc. for water repellency and reinforcement. As a result, an electrode for a fuel cell with high performance and practical strength can be obtained.

8. 发明专利

JPS6020472A FUEL CELL 失效
公开(公告)号：JPS6020472A
公开(公告)日：1985-02-01
申请号：JP12977583
申请日：1983-07-15
申请人： HITACHI LTD , HITACHI CHEMICAL CO LTD
发明人： HORIBA TATSUO , KAMO YUUICHI , TAMURA KOUKI , IKEMOTO NORIO , SATOU FUMIO , NOMURA YOUICHI
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/24
摘要： PURPOSE:To recover noble metals from an electrode containing noble metal catalyst by separately arranging electrode part containing noble metal catalyst from other cell components. CONSTITUTION:Porous films 5 are arranged between a cathode 1 and an ion exchange membrane 2, and an anode 3 and the membrane 2. Electroconductive mold releasing agent layers 6 are placed between gas separators 4 and electrodes respectively. Only the electrode which its performance is deteriorated is removed and recovered. The battery components such as the gas separator 4 and ion exchange membrane 2 are recovered separately from electrodes and used repeatedly.

9. 发明专利

JPS59117074A Acid-electrolyte-type methanol-air fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：酸 - 电解型甲醇 - 空气燃料电池
公开(公告)号：JPS59117074A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-06
申请号：JP22590282
申请日：1982-12-24
申请人： Hitachi Ltd
发明人： KAWANA HIDEJIROU , HORIBA TATSUO , IWAMOTO KAZUO , KITAMI NORIKO , KUMAGAI TERUO , TAKEUCHI SEIJI , KAMO YUUICHI , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M8/02 , H01M8/04
CPC分类号： H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0289 , H01M8/04186 , H01M8/04291
摘要： PURPOSE:To increase the performance of an acid-electrolyte-type methanol- air fuel cell by using a cation exchange membrane having a water content of within a specified range, adjusting the amount of air to be specified times as large as the theoretical amount of air necessary for chemical reaction in the cathode and making the cathode-side surface of the cation exchange membrane wet. CONSTITUTION:A cation exchange membrane 1 placed between an anode 3 and a cathode 2, has a water content of 25-50%. The amount of air supplied to an air chamber 4 is adjusted to 2-50 times as large as the theoretical amount of air necessary for chemical reaction in the cathode 2. In addition the surface of the cation exchange membrane 1 touching the cathode 2 is made wet. As a result, the rate of surface area increase of the cation exchange membrane due to its moistening can be restricted to below 3% and the resistance of the membrane can be restricted to below 0.7OMEGAcm , thereby increasing the voltage of the fuel cell. Consequently, excessive increase in the temperature of the fuel cell can be suppressed and its performance can be increased.
摘要翻译：目的：通过使用含水量在规定范围内的阳离子交换膜来提高酸性电解质型甲醇 - 空气燃料电池的性能，将空气量调整到理论量在阴极中进行化学反应所需的空气，使阳离子交换膜的阴极侧表面变湿。构成：置于阳极3和阴极2之间的阳离子交换膜1具有25-50％的含水量。供给空气室4的空气量被调节为阴极2中化学反应所需的理论空气量的2-50倍。此外，阳离子交换膜1的与阴极2接触的表面被制成湿。结果，由于其润湿而使阳离子交换膜的表面积增加率可以被限制在低于3％，并且膜的电阻可以被限制在低于0.7OMEGA·cm 2，从而增加燃料的电压细胞。因此，能够抑制燃料电池的温度过度上升，能够提高燃料电池的性能。

10. 发明专利

JPS59114768A Fuel cell 失效
标题翻译：燃料电池
公开(公告)号：JPS59114768A
公开(公告)日：1984-07-02
申请号：JP22323882
申请日：1982-12-20
申请人： Hitachi Ltd
发明人： TAKEUCHI SEIJI , KAMO YUUICHI , IWAMOTO KAZUO , HORIBA TATSUO , KAWANA HIDEJIROU , KUMAGAI TERUO , KITAMI NORIKO , TAMURA KOUKI
IPC分类号： H01M4/90 , H01M4/96
CPC分类号： H01M4/96
摘要： PURPOSE:To increase performance of a fuel cell and decrease the amount of noble metal used by kneading a catalyst obtained by supporting noble metal on the carbon carrier which is reformed by acidic electrolyte with water repellent material, and spreading it in a porous conductive member to form an air electrode. CONSTITUTION:Acidic electrolyte such as sulfuric acid is added to carbon carrier such as graphite and they are heated to reform the carbon. Noble metal is supported to the reformed carbon to make catalyst. A water repellent material such as polytetrafluoroethylene is added to the catalyst and they are kneaded. The kneaded material is spreaded to a porous conductive member such as carbon paper and dried to form an air electrode. When this air electrode is used for a fuel electrode using acidic electrolyte, conentration of electrolyte can be decreased and that of methanol can be increased. Therefore, cell performance is remarkably increased.
摘要翻译：目的：为了提高燃料电池的性能，并且通过将由贵金属负载的催化剂在由酸性电解质被重排的碳载体上憎水材料捏合而使用的贵金属的量减少，并将其扩散到多孔导电性构件中形成空气电极。构成：将酸性电解质如硫酸加入到碳载体如石墨中，并将其加热以改性碳。贵金属负载于重整碳以制成催化剂。向催化剂中加入聚四氟乙烯等防水材料，进行混炼。将捏合的材料铺展到诸如碳纸的多孔导电构件上并干燥以形成空气电极。当该空气电极用于使用酸性电解质的燃料电极时，可以降低电解质的浓度，并且可以提高甲醇的浓度。因此，电池性能显着提高。

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