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1. 发明授权

US4130695A Lead-acid storage battery and electrode therefor 失效
标题翻译：铅酸蓄电池及其电极
公开(公告)号：US4130695A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-19
申请号：US853431
申请日：1977-11-21
申请人： Hermann Dietz , Siegfried Ziegler
发明人： Hermann Dietz , Siegfried Ziegler
IPC分类号： H01M4/14 , H01M4/62 , H01M10/06
CPC分类号： H01M4/14 , H01M4/62
摘要： Between 0.001 and 0.5% by weight of polytetrafluoroethylene powder is incorporated in the composite electrochemically active mass carried on the lead plates of a lead-acid storage battery. In the case of the positive electrodes, the result is to lengthen the service life in terms of cycles of charging and discharging. In the case of the negative electrodes, the effect is to raise the low-current yield and the low-temperature high-current yield. The density of the composite mass is reduced and its water-holding properties increased.
摘要翻译：在铅酸蓄电池的铅板上携带的复合电化学活性物质中加入0.001〜0.5重量％的聚四氟乙烯粉末。在正极的情况下，结果是延长充电和放电循环的使用寿命。在负极的情况下，其效果是提高低电流产率和低温大电流产率。复合材料的密度降低，其保水性提高。

2. 发明授权

US4356065A Polarographic oxygen concentration sensor and method of determining oxygen content in the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：极谱氧浓度传感器和确定内燃机废气中的氧含量的方法
公开(公告)号：US4356065A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-26
申请号：US213049
申请日：1980-12-04
申请人： Hermann Dietz
发明人： Hermann Dietz
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , F02B1/04 , F02D41/14 , G01K7/26 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/409 , G01N27/413 , G05B23/02 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4075 , F02B1/04
摘要： A solid electrolyte is sandwiched between a measuring electrode exposed to the gas and a reference electrode exposed to a reference gas of known oxygen level, and a cover, for example in form of a layer or a cap, is applied over the measuring electrode. To linearize output from the sensor over a wide range of oxygen partial pressure in a gas so that, upon applying a voltage across the electrodes thereof, current flow will be representative of the oxygen concentration in the gas, the cover consists of a material having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen while essentially inhibiting convection of gases to the electrode and limiting the quantity of oxygen reaching the measuring electrode to that value at which any oxygen molecules reaching the measuring electrode will be immediately converted by electrode reaction, thus inhibiting current flow through the sensor due to diffusion of gases and preventing that the current through the sensor will be determined by the activating energy of the charge penetration through the phase separation at the electrode surface.
摘要翻译：将固体电解质夹在暴露于气体的测量电极和暴露于已知氧含量的参考气体的参比电极之间，并将覆盖物例如层或盖的形式施加到测量电极上。为了在气体中的宽范围的氧分压线性化传感器的输出，使得当在其电极上施加电压时，电流将代表气体中的氧浓度，盖由具有预定的对氧气的扩散阻力，同时基本上抑制气体对电极的对流，并将到达测量电极的氧气量限制在达到测量电极的任何氧分子将被电极反应立即转换的值，从而抑制电流流经传感器由于气体的扩散并且阻止通过传感器的电流将由通过电极表面处的相分离的电荷穿透的活化能确定。

3. 发明授权

US5474665A Measuring sensor for determining the oxygen content of gas mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于测定气体混合物氧含量的测量传感器
公开(公告)号：US5474665A
公开(公告)日：1995-12-12
申请号：US306572
申请日：1994-09-15
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Hermann Fischer , Manfred Koeder , Werner Gruenwald , Ulrich Eisele
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Hermann Fischer , Manfred Koeder , Werner Gruenwald , Ulrich Eisele
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02D41/14 , G01N27/409 , G01N27/419 , G01N27/407
CPC分类号： G01N27/419 , F02B1/04
摘要： The invention relates to a measuring sensor having pump reference for measuring the oxygen content of gas mixtures, particularly exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The sensor includes a measuring cell (A) and a reference cell (B) each having a pair of electrodes, with one of each respective pairs of electrodes being common to the two cells, and having a fixed electrolyte. Reference cell (B) has defined therein an internal oxygen reference zone which is hermetically sealed from the gas mixture and which is connected to the atmosphere by way of a pressure-equalization line. The measuring cell (A) and the reference cell (B) can be heated by heating apparatus to a temperature at which the fixed electrolyte has an ionic conductivity which is sufficiently high. The heating apparatus and a porous insulation are advantageously disposed in the vicinity of the electrode of the reference cell which is not in common with the measuring cell and which is porous so that the porous insulation, together with the porous electrode, form the internal oxygen reference zone and, together with the porous electrode and its porous conductor track, form the pressure-equalization line.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种具有用于测量气体混合物，特别是内燃机废气的氧含量的泵参考的测量传感器。传感器包括测量单元（A）和参考单元（B），每个参考单元具有一对电极，每对电极中的每一对电极与两个单元共用，并具有固定的电解液。参考电池（B）在其中限定了内部氧参考区，其内部氧参考区与气体混合物气密密封，并通过压力平衡线连接到大气。测量单元（A）和参考单元（B）可以通过加热装置加热至固定电解质具有足够高的离子电导率的温度。加热装置和多孔绝缘体有利地设置在参比单元的电极附近，其与测量池不相同，并且是多孔的，使得多孔绝缘体与多孔电极一起形成内部氧参考并且与多孔电极及其多孔导体轨道一起形成压力平衡线。

4. 发明授权

US4334974A Electrochemical oxygen sensor, particularly for use with exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, and especially for polarographic application 失效
标题翻译：电化学氧传感器，特别适用于内燃机废气，尤其适用于极谱应用
公开(公告)号：US4334974A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-15
申请号：US121598
申请日：1980-02-14
申请人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Karl H. Friese , Harald Reber , Hermann Dietz , Hermann Ziener , Friedrich Esper , Gerhard Holfelder
发明人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Karl H. Friese , Harald Reber , Hermann Dietz , Hermann Ziener , Friedrich Esper , Gerhard Holfelder
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01N27/403 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/409 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , G01N27/4067
摘要： To permit a layer construction, which is inexpensive and lends itself to mass production manufacture, a solid electrolyte body, in plate-like construction, with electrodes at either thereof is positioned in a housing with a portion thereof extending in the region where it is exposed to gases to be sensed; a porous cover is applied on one of the electrodes, the porous cover having a predetermined diffusion resistance to oxygen molecules. A flat insulating plate of approximately the same dimension as the solid electrolyte plate is positioned flat thereagainst, and a flat layer-like electrical heating element is secured on the flat insulating plate or, in other embodiments, against another insulating covering on the other side of the heating element as well, close to the electrodes and adjacent the plane surfaces of the body. The heating element and the electrodes of the sensing element are carried out as conductive tracks for connection to respective sources of operating or biassing potential and, with respect to the sensing electrodes, to an evaluation circuit.
摘要翻译：为了允许廉价的并且适合批量生产制造的层结构，板状结构中的固体电解质体，其中的电极位于壳体中，其一部分在其暴露的区域中延伸对待检测的气体; 在其中一个电极上施加多孔覆盖层，多孔覆盖层对氧分子具有预定的扩散阻力。与固体电解质板大致相同尺寸的平板绝缘板位于平坦的平面上，平板状电加热元件固定在平绝缘板上，或者在其他实施例中固定在另一侧的另一绝缘覆盖物加热元件也靠近电极并且靠近主体的平面。感测元件的加热元件和电极被执行为用于连接到相应的操作或偏置电位源的导电轨道，并且相对于感测电极被执行到评估电路。

5. 发明授权

US5879526A Electrochemical measuring sensor for determining nitrogen oxides in gas mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于测定气体混合物中氮氧化物的电化学测量传感器
公开(公告)号：US5879526A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US822510
申请日：1997-03-24
申请人： Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
发明人： Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
IPC分类号： G01N33/00 , G01N27/41
CPC分类号： G01N33/0037
摘要： An electrochemical measuring sensor for selectively determining nitrogen oxides in a gas mixture including oxygen and nitrogen oxides, includes a solid electrolyte layer; a cover layer; and a diffusion channel which is defined between the solid electrolyte layer and the cover layer, and through which the gas mixture diffuses in a diffusion direction. The solid electrolyte layer has provided on a surface thereof a first cathode and a second cathode disposed one after the other in the diffusion direction of the gas mixture within the diffusion channel and exposed to the gas mixture in the order recited, and has provided on an opposite surface thereof at least one anode. The diffusion channel forms a diffusion barrier for the second cathode. The first and second cathodes and the at least one anode are gas permeable and consist of one of a precious metal or a precious metal alloy. The first cathode is provided with a coating which completely covers same, which is impermeable to nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x), and which is permeable to oxygen. The first cathode, a portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a first pumping cell. The second cathode, another portion of the solid electrolyte, and the at least one anode form a second pumping cell. A measuring signal for determining NO.sub.x is measured between the second cathode of the second pumping cell and the at least one anode of the second pumping cell as a limiting current.
摘要翻译：一种用于选择性地确定包含氧和氮氧化物的气体混合物中的氮氧化物的电化学测量传感器包括固体电解质层; 覆盖层; 以及限定在固体电解质层和覆盖层之间的扩散通道，气体混合物通过该扩散通道沿扩散方向扩散。固体电解质层在其表面上设置有在扩散通道内的气体混合物的扩散方向上一个接一个地设置的第一阴极和第二阴极，并以所述顺序暴露于气体混合物，并且其相对表面具有至少一个阳极。扩散通道形成第二阴极的扩散阻挡层。第一和第二阴极和至少一个阳极是透气的，由贵金属或贵金属合金之一组成。第一阴极设置有完全覆盖的涂层，其对于氮氧化物（NOx）是不可渗透的，并且其是透氧的。第一阴极，固体电解质的一部分和至少一个阳极形成第一泵浦电池。第二阴极，固体电解质的另一部分和至少一个阳极形成第二泵浦电池。在第二泵浦电池的第二阴极和第二泵浦电池的至少一个阳极之间测量用于确定NOx的测量信号作为限制电流。

6. 发明授权

US5507174A Polarographic sensor 失效
标题翻译：极谱传感器
公开(公告)号：US5507174A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-16
申请号：US211569
申请日：1994-08-02
申请人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
发明人： Karl-Hermann Friese , Hermann Dietz , Werner Gruenwald
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , F02B1/04 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01M15/00 , G01N27/48
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , F02B1/04
摘要： A polarographic sensor for determining concentration of certain components including oxygen or combustible fractions, such as hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, includes a pump cell having an anode, a cathode, and an oxygen ion-conducting solid electrolyte provided between the anode and the cathode, wherein the cathode is provided with a diffusion barrier, wherein the anode is provided with a diffusion barrier, and wherein the concentration of the certain components is determined by measurement of a limiting current through the electrolyte and across one of the diffusion barriers to the corresponding anode or cathode.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE93 / 00674 Sec。 371日期1994年8月2日 102（e）日期1994年8月2日PCT提交1993年7月31日PCT公布。第WO94 / 04911号公报日本3月3日，1994.用于确定内燃机废气中某些组分（包括氧气或可燃组分）如烃，氢气和一氧化碳的浓度的极谱传感器包括具有阳极，阴极和设置在阳极和阴极之间的氧离子传导固体电解质，其中阴极设置有扩散阻挡层，其中阳极设置有扩散阻挡层，并且其中某些组分的浓度通过测量确定限制电流通过电解质，并穿过一个扩散屏障到相应的阳极或阴极。

7. 发明授权

US4305803A Gas sensor construction, particularly to determine oxygen content combustion exhaust gases, particularly from internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：气体传感器结构，特别是确定氧含量燃烧废气，特别是内燃机
公开(公告)号：US4305803A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-15
申请号：US184085
申请日：1980-09-04
申请人： Barbara Beyer , Hermann Dietz , Karl Friese
发明人： Barbara Beyer , Hermann Dietz , Karl Friese
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/48 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071
摘要： To facilitate manufacture of a sensor, particularly a polarographic sensor which has no sealing or heat expansion difficulties and only low heat capacity in the measuring range and electrical connections, a solid electrolyte (17) is formed as a plate extending transversely across a bottom opening (13) of a preferably ceramic tube (11), the plate having two electrodes (16,21) applied to its major sides. The side facing the opening (13) is covered with a ceramic layer (20) having a predetermined diffusion or migration resistance to oxygen molecules. The electrical connections are formed by a conductive track (15) extending on the inside of the ceramic tube, in contact with the sensing electrode on one side of the plate; and a counter head (23) connected to a conductive bolt or pin (24) and resiliently spring pressed against the electrode, and holding the plate (17) and the diffusion barrier (20) thereon in position in the sensor. The test gas is applied to the diffusion resistance layer through a ceramic heat storage plate, for instance, having openings therethrough, which has a film-type heater applied thereto, connected to a current source by conductive tracks (31, 31'; 32, 32') positioned on the outside of the ceramic tube.
摘要翻译：为了便于制造传感器，特别是在测量范围和电气连接中没有密封或热膨胀困难并且仅具有低热容量的极谱传感器，固体电解质（17）形成为横向延伸穿过底部开口的板（ 13），该板具有应用于其主要侧面的两个电极（16,21）。面向开口（13）的一侧被对氧分子具有预定的扩散或迁移阻力的陶瓷层（20）覆盖。电连接由导电轨道（15）形成，导电轨道（15）在陶瓷管的内侧延伸，与板的一侧的感测电极接触; 以及连接到导电螺栓或销（24）并且弹性弹簧压靠在电极上并将板（17）和扩散壁（20）保持在传感器中的适当位置的相对头（23）。测试气体通过陶瓷储热板（例如具有开口的陶瓷储热板）施加到扩散阻力层，该陶瓷储能板具有施加到其上的膜型加热器，通过导电轨道（31,31'; 32， 32'）位于陶瓷管的外侧。

8. 发明授权

US5310472A Sensor element for limiting current sensors to determine the lambda value of gas mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于限制电流传感器以确定气体混合物的λ值的传感器元件
公开(公告)号：US5310472A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-10
申请号：US700141
申请日：1991-05-16
申请人： Hermann Dietz , Werner Grunwald , Claudio de la Prieta
发明人： Hermann Dietz , Werner Grunwald , Claudio de la Prieta
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , F02D41/14 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/419
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , G01N27/4072
摘要： Sensor element for limiting current sensors to determine the lambda value of gas mixtures, in particular of exhaust gases of internal combustion engines, having inner and outer pump electrodes disposed on a ceramic substrate, the inner pump electrode of which is accessible for the measurement gas supplied through a diffusion layer acting as a diffusion barrier; having a gas-tight cover layer above the diffusion layer and having conductor tracks for the pump electrodes is described, in which the diffusion layer is adjustable, to calibrate the sensor element. This adjustability is advantageously attained by embodying the side of the diffusion layer 5 oriented toward the measurement gas inlet opening as a zigzag-shaped adjustment zone 8, from which parts can be separated mechanically or by laser cuts. The invention makes comparatively simple calibration of sensor elements possible.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE89 / 00731 Sec。 371日期1991年5月16日 102（e）日期1991年5月16日PCT提交1989年11月17日PCT公布。公开号WO90 / 06506 日期1990年6月14日。用于限制电流传感器以确定气体混合物，特别是内燃机废气的λ值的传感器元件，其具有设置在陶瓷基板上的内部和外部泵电极，其内部泵浦电极可用于通过作为扩散阻挡层的扩散层供应的测量气体; 描述了在扩散层上方具有气密性覆盖层并且具有用于泵电极的导体轨迹，其中扩散层是可调节的，以校准传感器元件。有利地通过将扩散层5的朝向测量气体入口开口的侧面作为锯齿形调整区8来实现，这可以通过机械方式或通过激光切割来分离这些部分。本发明使得传感器元件的相对简单的校准成为可能。

9. 发明授权

US4283261A Electrochemical sensor structure to determine oxygen content in combustion exhaust gases 失效
标题翻译：电化学传感器结构来确定燃烧废气中的氧含量
公开(公告)号：US4283261A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US100256
申请日：1979-12-04
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071
摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.
摘要翻译：为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子电连接器或插头。加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

10. 发明授权

US3930890A Storage battery gas recombination catalyst device 失效
标题翻译：储存电池气体重整催化装置
公开(公告)号：US3930890A
公开(公告)日：1976-01-06
申请号：US469779
申请日：1974-05-14
申请人： Hermann Dietz
发明人： Hermann Dietz
IPC分类号： H01M10/52 , H01M2/12 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： H01M10/52
摘要： A lightweight catalyst body bearing a finely divided metal of the platinum group is encased in a porous PTFE shell which is impermeable to the electrolyte because of its hydrophobic surface properties. Several small bodies of this kind, each containing about 1 mg of palladium are inserted in each cell of a vehicle storage battery and float on the electrolyte surface. They not only recombine hydrogen and oxygen to water and return the water to the electrolyte efficiently, even at high ambient temperatures, but the efficiency of the catalyst is not reduced under conditions causing considerable generation of stibine. The core material on which the catalyst is provided, with or without an additional carrier, may be activated charcoal, hollow glass spheres, a porous ceramic or a synthetic resin foam. The porous hydrophobic shell may be sintered or unsintered or may be made of superimposed sintered and unsintered layers.

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