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1. 发明授权

US4212720A Electrically heated electrochemical sensor construction, particularly to determine oxygen concentration in exhaust gases from combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：电加热电化学传感器的结构，特别是确定内燃机废气中的氧浓度
公开(公告)号：US4212720A
公开(公告)日：1980-07-15
申请号：US919700
申请日：1978-06-27
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Rainer Schussler
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Rainer Schussler
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4067
摘要： An electrical heating element 35, 35' is located in a thin walled, closed metal tube or sleeve 37, 37' which is packed with a packing material 38, 38' of good heat conductive, insulating properties; the electrical heating element is a spirally wound resistance heater embedded in the insulating packing. A solid electrolyte body 11, 68 surrounds at least a portion of the thin walled metal sleeve and is positioned in heat exchange relation therewith. The solid electrolyte body may be a closed tube 11 or may be applied as a ring element 68 over the thin walled metal tube with an insulating material layer 66 interposed.
摘要翻译：电加热元件35,35'位于薄壁封闭的金属管或套筒37,37'中，其中填充有具有良好导热，绝缘性能的包装材料38,38'; 电加热元件是嵌入在绝缘包装中的螺旋卷绕的电阻加热器。固体电解质体11,68包围薄壁金属套筒的至少一部分并与其热交换关系。固体电解质体可以是封闭管11，或者可以在绝缘材料层66插入的薄壁金属管上方作为环形元件68施加。

2. 发明授权

US4514656A Combination sparkplug and combustion process sensor 失效
标题翻译：组合火花塞和燃烧过程传感器
公开(公告)号：US4514656A
公开(公告)日：1985-04-30
申请号：US428003
申请日：1982-09-29
申请人： Eckart Damson , Reinhard Latsch , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Rainer Schussler
发明人： Eckart Damson , Reinhard Latsch , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Rainer Schussler
IPC分类号： G01L23/22 , H01T1/12 , H01T13/16 , H01T13/48
CPC分类号： G01L23/22
摘要： To permit adjustment of the combination sparkplug-optical sensor for heat transfer upon operation of the sensor-sparkplug combination as a sparkplug, in accordance with known sparkplug technology, the insulator of the sparkplug is formed with a central opening in which a material is included which is electrically conductive and providing for controlled heat transfer, for example a packing or a mixture of aluminum oxide with a conductive powder, such as graphite, aluminum, or copper; or, alternatively, sheet metal elements may be located therein providing controlled radial engagement around a central glass rod forming the optical sensor and the inner wall of the opening and the insulator (FIG. 2); or, alternatively, axially resilient elements, such as a bellows-like corrugated metal element (FIG. 3) or a stack of spring disks (FIG. 4) may be positioned in the opening, axially biased by screwing the connecting terminal (10) into a tapped opening of the insulator. Heat transfer or transmission control is effected by introducing between metallic components of the combination and the glass rod a heat conductive mass (2) which fills the space between the glass rod and the metallic components over a predetermined length, in accordance with desired heat transfer characteristics.
摘要翻译：为了允许在根据已知的火花塞技术操作传感器火花塞组合的情况下调整用于热传递的组合火花塞 - 光学传感器，根据已知的火花塞技术，火花塞的绝缘体形成有中心开口，其中包括材料，导电并提供受控的热传递，例如填料或氧化铝与导电粉末如石墨，铝或铜的混合物; 或者可选地，钣金元件可以位于其中，提供围绕形成光学传感器的中心玻璃棒和开口和绝缘体的内壁（图2）的可控径向接合; 或者可选地，轴向弹性元件，例如波纹管状波纹状金属元件（图3）或弹簧盘堆叠（图4）可以定位在开口中，通过旋拧连接端子（10）轴向偏置，进入绝缘子的开口。通过在组合的金属部件和玻璃棒之间引入根据期望的热传递特性而将玻璃棒和金属部件之间的空间填充预定长度的导热块（2）来进行热传递或变速器控制。

3. 发明授权

US4394855A Internal combustion engine with externally supplied ignition having an ignition chamber associated with the main combustion chamber 失效
标题翻译：具有外部点燃的内燃机具有与主燃烧室相关联的点火室
公开(公告)号：US4394855A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-26
申请号：US261413
申请日：1981-05-07
申请人： Reinhard Latsch , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger
发明人： Reinhard Latsch , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger
IPC分类号： F02B19/10 , F02B19/12 , F02B19/16 , F02B23/08 , F02P13/00
CPC分类号： F02B19/12 , F02B19/1009 , Y02T10/125
摘要： An ignition chamber device is described which has an elongated, rotationally symmetrical form. The wall of the ignition chamber which protrudes into the main combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine has a coaxial overflow conduit embodied by a nozzle and radially extending discharge conduits which extend into the annular chamber which surrounds the nozzle. The ignition chamber is provided with an ignition device which has a central electrode that leads from the outside into the interior and by means of this central electrode the ignition voltage is carried via a conductor path, disposed in the wall, to a wall location opposite the nozzle, from where the ignition spark can leap the gap. A heat pipe is disposed in the nozzle and includes a portion arranged in close proximity to the cylinder wall, which prevents the ignition chamber from becoming overheated and on the other hand also enables the inflowing mixture to be heated up in optimal fashion on the way to the ignition location.
摘要翻译：描述了具有细长旋转对称形式的点火室装置。点燃室的突出到内燃机的主燃烧室的壁具有由喷嘴和径向延伸的排放导管构成的同轴溢流导管，其延伸到围绕喷嘴的环形室中。点火室设置有点火装置，该点火装置具有从外部引导到内部的中心电极，并且借助于该中心电极，点火电压通过布置在壁中的导体路径被承载到相对于喷嘴，从那里点火火花可以跳过间隙。热管设置在喷嘴中，并且包括靠近气缸壁布置的部分，其防止点火室变得过热，另一方面也使得流入的混合物能够以最佳方式被加热到途中点火位置。

4. 发明授权

US4294679A Flat electrochemical sensor, and method of its manufacture 失效
标题翻译：平面电化学传感器及其制造方法
公开(公告)号：US4294679A
公开(公告)日：1981-10-13
申请号：US145738
申请日：1980-05-01
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Gunther Stecher
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Gunther Stecher
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , B01L3/00 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/409 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/48 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , G01N27/4067 , G01N27/48 , Y10T29/49002
摘要： To apply a measured quantity of air to the electrodes applied to a plate-like solid electrolyte body, which may be a chip on a carrier or may, itself, form the carrier, grooves, flutes, ducts, or depressions are formed in the carrier and/or a cover plate, the grooves terminating at an edge portion with access to the gas to be supplied, and having a size such that their clear height is preferably in the lower micron region, and a width, preferably under 1 mm, and particularly between 0.2 and 0.4 mm. The higher limits are applicable to apply, for example, air to a reference electrode, to apply ambient oxygen thereto; the lower limits are appropriate when operating the sensor as a polarographic sensor, in which the diffusion limited current, upon application of a bias voltage, is an analog measure of the oxygen concentration in the gas, and the gas supply to the electrode must be suitably controlled to prevent saturation conditions. The grooves may be formed, for example, by sandblasting or by applying insulating material in the form of posts, ridges, and the like, on the respective element, filling the space therebetween with a filler substance which, upon subsequent sintering, escapes, thus leaving the voids forming the grooves, depressions, and the like.
摘要翻译：为了将应用于板状固体电解质体的电极施加测量量的空气，该固体电解质体可以是载体上的芯片，或者可以自身形成载体，在载体中形成凹槽，凹槽，管道或凹陷和/或盖板，所述槽终止于边缘部分，具有进入待供应气体的通道，并且具有这样的尺寸，使得它们的透明高度优选地在较低的微米区域中，宽度优选地在1mm以下，以及特别是在0.2和0.4毫米之间。上限适用于将例如空气施加到参比电极，以向其施加环境氧; 当将传感器作为极谱传感器操作时，下限是适当的，其中在施加偏压时扩散受限电流是气体中氧浓度的模拟测量，并且对电极的气体供应必须适当控制以防止饱和条件。凹槽可以例如通过喷砂或通过在各个元件上施加柱状物，脊等的形式的绝缘材料形成，用填充物填充其间的空间，该填充物在随后的烧结时逸出，因此留下形成凹槽，凹陷等的空隙。

5. 发明授权

US4496455A Polarographic sensor and sensing system for determining oxygen content in gases 失效
标题翻译：用于测定气体中氧含量的极谱传感器和传感系统
公开(公告)号：US4496455A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-29
申请号：US604985
申请日：1984-04-27
申请人： Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger
发明人： Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/413 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/417 , G01N27/48 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/417 , G01N27/48
摘要： The linearity of response of a polarographic sensor, of the diffusion-limited current type, having a solid electrolyte (1) and being particularly adapted for measuring oxygen content in exhaust gases from combustion processes, is improved by providing the anode (2b) of the sensor's first, measuring cell with a constant, internal supply of reference oxygen. Preventing the oxygen concentration at the anode (2b) from fluctuating eliminates a non-linearity which would otherwise occur in the plot of oxygen concentration versus diffusion-limited current, as the fuel/air ratio of the mixture being combusted passes 1.The oxygen supply takes the form of a second, pumping cell (3a,3b) which can utilize the same solid electrolyte layer (1) as the first cell, and which pumps oxygen ions across the electrolyte to the second cell's anode (3b), where they become oxygen molecules and are directed through a duct (8) to the measuring cell's anode (2b).Excessive pressure in the duct (8) is prevented by providing small pores (10) in the surrounding glass cover (9) for outward diffusion of excess oxygen. A constant voltage is applied to both cells.
摘要翻译：具有固体电解质（1）并且特别适用于测量来自燃烧过程的废气中的氧含量的扩散受限电流类型的极谱传感器的响应的线性度通过提供阳极（2b）传感器的第一个测量单元，具有恒定的内部参考氧气供应。防止阳极（2b）上的氧浓度波动消除了当燃烧的混合物的燃料/空气比通过1时氧气浓度对扩散限制电流的曲线图将出现的非线性。氧气供应采用可以利用与第一电池相同的固体电解质层（1）的第二泵送电池（3a，3b）的形式，并且将氧离子跨越电解质泵送到第二电池的阳极（3b），在那里它们变成氧分子并通过导管（8）引导到测量池的阳极（2b）。通过在周围的玻璃罩（9）中设置小孔（10）以防止过量氧的向外扩散来防止管道（8）中的过大的压力。对两个电池施加恒定电压。

6. 发明授权

US4426986A Apparatus for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：用于控制内燃机中废气再循环速率的装置
公开(公告)号：US4426986A
公开(公告)日：1984-01-24
申请号：US358760
申请日：1982-03-16
申请人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder
发明人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder
IPC分类号： F02M25/07 , F02D21/08 , F02M25/06
CPC分类号： F02D41/0065 , F02D41/144 , F02D41/005 , Y02T10/47
摘要： An apparatus is proposed for controlling the exhaust recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine, in particular an engine with auto-ignition, which includes preferably one mixture valve in the area of the discharge opening of the exhaust recirculation line and which is characterized in that the control is accomplished via the mixture valve position ahead of the inlet valves in accordance with the concentration of at least one component of the air-exhaust gas mixture and/or at least one component of the exhaust gas. Thus it is possible to operate the engine with a relatively emission-free exhaust. An exhaust gas reservoir is further provided, with which peaks in the exhaust gas concentration due to a dynamic driving mode can be intercepted. Finally, it is also proposed that the exhaust recirculation be realized solely via a pressure, which can be controlled in open-loop or closed-loop fashion, in the exhaust line by means of a valve.
摘要翻译：提出了一种用于控制内燃机，特别是具有自动点火的发动机的排气再循环率的装置，其优选地包括在排气再循环管线的排放口的区域中的一个混合阀，并且其特征在于，根据排气混合物的至少一种组分和/或废气的至少一种组分的浓度，通过进口阀前面的混合阀位置实现控制。因此，可以用相对无排放的排气来操作发动机。还设置有废气储存器，由此可以拦截由于动态驱动模式引起的废气浓度的峰值。最后，还提出排气再循环仅通过可通过阀门在排气管路中以开环或闭环方式控制的压力来实现。

7. 发明授权

US4381748A Method of regulating combustion in the combustion chambers of an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：调节内燃机燃烧室燃烧的方法
公开(公告)号：US4381748A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US274919
申请日：1981-06-18
申请人： Konrad Eckert , Klaus Muller , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Winfried Moser , Horst Franke , Rainer Burkel , Cornelius Peter
发明人： Konrad Eckert , Klaus Muller , Ernst Linder , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger , Winfried Moser , Horst Franke , Rainer Burkel , Cornelius Peter
IPC分类号： F02D21/08 , F02D35/02 , F02P5/145 , F02P5/04 , F02M25/06 , F02M51/02
CPC分类号： F02D41/0052 , F02D35/022 , F02P5/1455 , Y02T10/46 , Y02T10/47
摘要： A method is proposed for regulating the combustion of operating mixtures in the combustion chambers of internal combustion engines. The course of the light intensity of the light resulting from combustion in the combustion chamber is detected and evaluated over the course of combustion; reference control variables derived therefrom are formed for use by subsequently disposed closed-loop control devices of the engine.
摘要翻译：提出了一种调节内燃机燃烧室内操作混合物燃烧的方法。在燃烧过程中检测和评估燃烧室燃烧产生的光的光强度; 由此导出的参考控制变量被形成供随后设置的发动机的闭环控制装置使用。

8. 发明授权

US4283261A Electrochemical sensor structure to determine oxygen content in combustion exhaust gases 失效
标题翻译：电化学传感器结构来确定燃烧废气中的氧含量
公开(公告)号：US4283261A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US100256
申请日：1979-12-04
申请人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
发明人： Helmut Maurer , Klaus Muller , Franz Rieger , Ernst Linder , Hermann Dietz , Karl-Hermann Friese , Bodo Ziegler
IPC分类号： G01N27/407 , G01N27/416 , G01N27/46
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071
摘要： To measure partial oxygen pressure in gases, particularly exhaust gases of automotive-type combustion engines, a solid electrolyte plate of elongated rectangular configuration has at least one electrode pair applied to a single surface thereof, which is exposed to the measuring gas. Preferably, the gap between electrodes is elongated, by forming the electrodes in comb-interdigited form. A thermocouple - temperature sensor can be applied between connecting tracks for the electrodes which extend longitudinally of the electrolyte plate towards the other end thereof, through a sealing mass holding the plate within a housing, the other end forming, simultaneously, a connection terminal for connection to an electric connector or plug. A heating element can be placed on the obverse side of the plate, preferably in the position in the gap between the electrodes. More than one such sensor element may be secured in the same housing, and, for example, two such plates, back to back, with the heating element therebetween, spaced from each other, or as a common block. The sensor may be used for potentiometric and/or polarographic measurement, depending upon cover coatings on the electrodes which control exposure thereof to the gases, catalytic or non-catalytic action of the electrodes (for example being of platinum or gold, respectively) and whether a voltage is applied across the electrode terminals, or the sensor is to operate as an electrochemical cell. Such sensor can be inexpensively made, are suitable for mass production, and flexible with respect to their mode of operation.
摘要翻译：为了测量气体，特别是汽车型内燃机的废气中的部分氧气压力，细长矩形结构的固体电解质板具有至少一个电极对，其被施加到暴露于测量气体的单个表面。优选地，通过以梳形交错形式形成电极，电极之间的间隙是细长的。热电偶 - 温度传感器可以被施加在电极的连接轨道之间，电极的连接轨道通过将板保持在壳体内的密封块向另一端延伸，另一端同时形成用于连接的连接端子电连接器或插头。加热元件可以放置在板的正面上，优选地位于电极之间的间隙中的位置。多个这样的传感器元件可以固定在相同的壳体中，并且例如两个这样的板，背对背，加热元件在它们之间，彼此间隔开，或者作为公共块。传感器可以用于电位和/或极谱测量，这取决于电极上的覆盖物涂层，其控制其暴露于气体，电极的催化或非催化作用（例如分别为铂或金），以及是否在电极端子上施加电压，或者传感器用作电化学电池。这种传感器可以廉价地制造，适合于批量生产，并且相对于它们的操作模式是灵活的。

9. 发明授权

US4277323A Electrochemical oxygen sensor, particularly for use in the exhaust system of automotive-type internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：电化学氧传感器，特别适用于汽车内燃机排气系统
公开(公告)号：US4277323A
公开(公告)日：1981-07-07
申请号：US121600
申请日：1980-02-14
申请人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Bodo Ziegler
发明人： Klaus Muller , Helmut Maurer , Ernst Linder , Franz Rieger , Bodo Ziegler
IPC分类号： G01N27/41 , G01N27/406 , G01N27/407 , G01N27/409 , G01N27/413 , H01M8/12 , G01N27/58
CPC分类号： G01N27/4071 , G01N27/4067 , H01M8/12
摘要： To improve the response speed of an electrochemical oxygen sensor, particularly for automotive use, to sense the oxygen content in exhaust gases, and which can be operative either as a polarographic sensor (requiring application of a voltage thereto), or as a potentiometric sensor (having one catalytically active electrode and another which is less catalytically active), an elongated insulating carrier plate (29), for example of a ceramic, has layer electrodes (30, 31) applied to one major surface thereof and a layer of solid electrolyte material (32) over the electrodes, so that the electrodes will be embedded in the solid electrolyte material. The carrier plate (29) is of a material pervious to oxygen molecules. A gas-impervious insulating cover (33), for example of a ceramic glass, covers the layer of solid electrolyte material (32). A heating element (34) protected by a protective cover (35), for example of aluminum oxide, can be applied against the gas-impervious cover layer (33).
摘要翻译：为了提高电化学氧传感器（特别是汽车用途）的响应速度来感测废气中的氧含量，并且其可以作为极谱传感器（要求施加电压）或作为电位传感器具有一个催化活性电极，另一个催化活性较低），例如陶瓷的细长绝缘载体板（29）具有施加到其一个主表面上的层电极（30,31）和固体电解质材料层（32），使得电极将被嵌入固体电解质材料中。载体板（29）是可透过氧分子的材料。例如陶瓷玻璃的不透气绝缘盖（33）覆盖固体电解质材料层（32）。由保护罩（35）保护的例如氧化铝的加热元件（34）可被施加到不透气的覆盖层（33）上。

10. 发明授权

US4130098A Method and apparatus for reducing the toxic components in exhaust gas 失效
标题翻译：减少废气中有毒成分的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4130098A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-19
申请号：US821425
申请日：1977-08-03
申请人： Ernst Linder , Gunter Wossner , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger
发明人： Ernst Linder , Gunter Wossner , Helmut Maurer , Franz Rieger
IPC分类号： F02B77/08 , F02M25/07 , F02M25/06
CPC分类号： F02B77/086 , F02M26/35 , F02M26/46 , F02M26/49 , F02M26/53 , F02M2026/004
摘要： A portion of the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine is returned to the induction manifold through an exhaust gas recycling line. This recycle line contains one or more orifice plates to create a measurable pressure drop when gas is flowing. The gas flow through the recycle line may be interrupted in controlled manner by a valve, particularly a magnetically actuated valve. The pressure drop across the orifice plate or plates is sensed by pressure-responsive electrical switches which provide input signals for a logical circuit that energizes a signaling device to warn the operator of a malfunction in the exhaust gas recycling system.
摘要翻译：内燃机的废气的一部分通过废气再循环管路返回到进气歧管。该回收管线包含一个或多个孔板，以在气体流动时产生可测量的压降。通过再循环管线的气流可以通过阀门，特别是磁力驱动的阀门以受控的方式中断。通过压力响应电开关感测孔板或板上的压降，其提供用于向信号装置通电以向操作者警告排气再循环系统故障的逻辑电路的输入信号。

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