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1. 发明授权

US4250150A Process for the treatment of gaseous mixtures, which contain sour gases, with organic solvents 失效
标题翻译：用有机溶剂处理含有酸性气体的气体混合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4250150A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US213
申请日：1979-01-02
申请人： Heinz Karwat , Roland Lang , Wolfgang Jelend
发明人： Heinz Karwat , Roland Lang , Wolfgang Jelend
IPC分类号： B01D53/40 , B01D53/14 , B01D53/77 , C10K1/16 , C23F11/08 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： C23F11/08 , C10K1/16 , C10K1/165
摘要： Process for the treatment of gaseous mixtures, which contain sour gases, with organic solvents, characterized in that the treatment is conducted in the presence of alkaline-reacting compounds in order to prevent corrosion of apparatus parts made of iron or steel.
摘要翻译：用有机溶剂处理含有酸性气体的气体混合物的方法，其特征在于在碱性反应化合物的存在下进行处理，以防止由铁或钢制成的装置部件的腐蚀。

2. 发明授权

US4155988A Reduction of sulfur concentration in physical scrubbing agents 失效
标题翻译：减少物理洗涤剂中的硫浓度
公开(公告)号：US4155988A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-22
申请号：US763467
申请日：1977-01-28
申请人： Heinz Karwat , Wolfgang Jelend
发明人： Heinz Karwat , Wolfgang Jelend
IPC分类号： C01C3/20 , C01B21/54 , C01B17/00 , C01B17/02
CPC分类号： C01C3/20
摘要： In a low temperature gas scrubbing process with a physical scrubbing solution, e.g., methanol, wherein either the H.sub.2 S containing gas-to-be-scrubbed, e.g., coal gasification gas, has a sufficient concentration of SO SO.sub.2 and/or O.sub.2 or wherein the H.sub.2 S containing scrubbing solution is brought into contact with a second O.sub.2 and/or SO.sub.2 containing gas, e.g. a stripping gas, to form elemental sulfur in the scrubbing solution, and said scrubbing solution is regenerated and then cooled to the scrubbing temperature, the improvement which comprises adding a sufficient amount of cyanides to the scrubbing solution to convert the elemental sulfur to thiocyanate, whereby sulfur is not precipitated in the scrubbing solution which would have otherwise occured, and removing the thiocyanate at least partially from the scrubbing solution. The cyanides may be added to the gas-to-be-scrubbed or the scrubbing solution, or there may be sufficient hydrocyanic acid in the gas-to-be-scrubbed at the outset.
摘要翻译：在具有物理洗涤溶液（例如甲醇）的低温气体洗涤方法中，其中含有待洗涤气体的H 2 S（例如煤气化气体）具有足够浓度的SO SO 2和/或O 2，或其中含有硫化氢的洗涤溶液与第二种含有O 2和/或SO 2的气体接触，例如汽提气体，以在洗涤溶液中形成元素硫，并且所述洗涤溶液再生，然后冷却至洗涤温度，其改进包括向洗涤溶液中加入足量的氰化物以将元素硫转化为硫氰酸盐，由此硫将不会沉淀在否则会产生的洗涤溶液中，并且至少部分地从洗涤溶液中除去硫氰酸盐。可以将氰化物加入待洗涤的气体或洗涤溶液中，或者在开始的气体洗涤中可能存在足够的氢氰酸。

3. 发明授权

US4515760A Non-precipitating regulation of ammonia content in sour gas solvent scrubbing systems 失效
标题翻译：酸性气体溶剂洗涤系统中氨含量的非沉淀调节
公开(公告)号：US4515760A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-07
申请号：US563839
申请日：1983-12-21
申请人： Roland Lang , Heinz Karwat
发明人： Roland Lang , Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/40 , B01D53/77 , C10K1/04 , C10K1/10 , C10K1/16 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： C10K1/165 , B01D53/1412
摘要： The NH.sub.3 content is regulated in methanol used in a process for scrubbing out sour gases from gaseous mixtures and/or for preventing ice formation prior to the scrubbing step. The methanol is freed, after the scrubbing step, respectively of absorbed gaseous components and/or water, and reused in the cycle as scrubbing liquid and/or for preventing ice formation. A strong acid is added to the methanol from water-soluble ammonium salts. Thereby, dissolved salts are formed which are removed together with water. Deleterious trace acids are also removed by an analogous treatment with a basic compound. The acid/base treatments are conducted in succession.
摘要翻译：在用于从气体混合物洗涤出酸性气体的过程中使用的甲醇中调节NH 3含量和/或在洗涤步骤之前用于防止冰形成。在洗涤步骤之后，甲醇分别被吸收的气体组分和/或水释放，并且在循环中被再循环用作洗涤液体和/或用于防止冰层形成。将强酸从水溶性铵盐中加入到甲醇中。从而形成与水一起除去的溶解盐。通过与碱性化合物的类似处理也可除去有害的微量酸。酸/碱处理是连续进行的。

4. 发明授权

US4478798A Prevention of carbonyl formation to avoid fouling of sour gas absorption system 失效
标题翻译：防止羰基形成，避免酸性气体吸收体系的结垢
公开(公告)号：US4478798A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-23
申请号：US447820
申请日：1982-12-08
申请人： Heinz Karwat
发明人： Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： C10K1/02 , C10K1/04 , C10K1/06 , C01B17/16 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： C10K1/02 , C10K1/04 , C10K1/06
摘要： For avoiding equipment fouling from metal sulfide deposition in the processing of cracked gases containing H.sub.2 S and CO, the reactive metal species capable of carbonyl formation are prevented from contacting equipment parts operating within a temperature range favoring the formation of metal carbonyls, e.g., 30.degree.-250.degree. C. To accomplish this, the cracked gas is subjected to solids separation to remove dust particles containing the reactive metal species, or the cracked gas is oxidized to inactivate the metal species. Cooling water is also subjected to a preceding step of removing the reactive metal species.
摘要翻译：为了避免在加工含有H 2 S和CO的裂化气体时金属硫化物沉积物的装置污染，可以防止能够形成羰基的反应性金属物质接触在有利于形成金属羰基化物的温度范围内工作的设备部件，例如30℃ - 250℃。为了实现这一点，裂化气体进行固体分离以去除含有反应性金属物质的灰尘颗粒，或者裂化的气体被氧化以使金属物质失活。冷却水也经历去除反应性金属物质的前述步骤。

5. 发明授权

US4399111A Process for removal of sour gases by scrubbing 失效
标题翻译：通过洗涤除去酸性气体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4399111A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-16
申请号：US368252
申请日：1982-04-14
申请人： Karl Baur , Eberhard Lassmann , Heinz Karwat
发明人： Karl Baur , Eberhard Lassmann , Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , C10K1/12 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： B01D53/1462 , B01D53/1425 , C10K1/122 , C10K1/124 , Y02P20/152
摘要： In the removal of sour gases by scrubbing with an aqueous alkali metal salt solution, e.g. a solution of K.sub.2 CO.sub.3, the circulating scrubbing liquid is gradually contaminated with organic acids, especially formic acid, which in turn ties up K.sup.+ as the formate which is ineffective for scrubbing purposes. To remove the organic acids, at least a partial stream of the circulating scrubbing liquid is subjected to an oxidation step under conditions leading to the oxidation of the salts of the organic acids, thereby liberating the bound alkali metal ions. If the scrubbing liquid contains an oxidizable activator, the latter can be extracted prior to oxidation of the scrubbing liquid and added back subsequent to the oxidation.
摘要翻译：在用碱金属盐水溶液洗涤除去酸性气体时，例如， K 2 CO 3溶液中，循环洗涤液逐渐被有机酸，特别是甲酸污染，而甲酸又使K +与作为洗涤目的无效的甲酸盐结合。为了除去有机酸，循环洗涤液的至少一部分流在导致有机酸盐氧化的条件下进行氧化步骤，从而释放结合的碱金属离子。如果洗涤液含有可氧化的活化剂，则后者可以在洗涤液氧化之前被萃取并在氧化后再加回。

6. 发明授权

US4522638A Method and apparatus for regulating the NH.sub.3 content in scrubbing liquid used in a gas scrubbing process 失效
标题翻译：用于调节气体洗涤过程中使用的洗涤液中的NH 3含量的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4522638A
公开(公告)日：1985-06-11
申请号：US612885
申请日：1984-05-22
申请人： Heinz Karwat
发明人： Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： B01D53/64 , B01D53/14 , B01D53/40 , B01D53/77 , C02F1/72
CPC分类号： B01D53/1425 , B01D53/1412 , B01D53/1456
摘要： A process for regulating the NH.sub.3 content in an organic liquid that acts as a physical scrubbing agent and is used in a procedure for absorbing sour gases from gaseous mixtures. To ensure undisturbed and reliable carrying out of the scrubbing process, an ammonia-precipitating precipitant is added to the scrubbing agent and the precipitate is then separated from the scrubbing agent. Preferred precipitants include sulphuric acid and phosphuric acid. The ammonia salts are effective fertilizers.
摘要翻译：用于调节作为物理洗涤剂的有机液体中的NH 3含量并用于从气体混合物中吸收酸性气体的方法中使用的方法。为了确保不受干扰和可靠地进行洗涤过程，将氨沉淀剂加入洗涤剂中，然后将沉淀物与洗涤剂分离。优选的沉淀剂包括硫酸和磷酸。氨盐是有效的肥料。

7. 发明授权

US4474740A Method for regenerating physically acting organic scrubbing agents 失效
标题翻译：再生物理作用有机洗涤剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US4474740A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-02
申请号：US434778
申请日：1982-10-18
申请人： Heinz Karwat , Peter Haussinger
发明人： Heinz Karwat , Peter Haussinger
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , B01D53/50 , B01D53/77 , C01C1/22 , C01B17/00 , B01D19/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/1425 , B01D53/1475 , B01D53/1481 , B01D53/507 , Y02C10/06
摘要： Method and apparatus for regenerating physically acting organic scrubbing agents laden with sulfur dioxide and/or sulfur trioxide and eventually carbon dioxide in the course of a gas purification process. Equipment costs and energy losses are reduced by adding ammonia and, if necessary, water, to the laden scrubbing fluids and then separating the resultant ammonia sulfite and/or ammonia sulfate. Large differences in temperature between the scrubbing steps and the regenerating steps are not needed. A beneficial energy balance results.
摘要翻译：在气体净化过程中再生含有二氧化硫和/或三氧化硫以及最终二氧化碳的物理作用的有机洗涤剂的方法和装置。通过向装载的洗涤液中加入氨和必要时的水，然后分离所得的氨基亚硫酸盐和/或氨基硫酸盐来减少设备成本和能量损失。洗涤步骤和再生步骤之间的温度差异不大。有益的能量平衡结果。

8. 发明授权

US4609389A Process for scrubbing gaseous components out of gaseous mixtures 失效
标题翻译：从气态混合物中洗涤气态组分的方法
公开(公告)号：US4609389A
公开(公告)日：1986-09-02
申请号：US683096
申请日：1984-12-18
申请人： Heinz Karwat
发明人： Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： B01D53/40 , B01D53/14 , B01D53/77 , F25J3/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/14 , Y02C10/06
摘要： Gaseous components are scrubbed from gaseous mixtures with a physical solvent; the latter, after absorption of the scrubbed-out gaseous components, is regenerated by expansion and stripping, wherein the gaseous fraction being released is discharged and the regenerated solvent is recycled into the scrubbing step. To reduce the content of solvent vapors in the gases to be exhausted into the atmosphere, the released gaseous fraction is cooled in heat exchange with non-thermally degasified solvent in order to condense out entrained solvent vapors from the gaseous fraction.
摘要翻译：气态组分用物理溶剂从气态混合物中洗涤; 后者在吸收洗出的气态组分之后，通过膨胀和汽提再生，其中释放的气体馏分被排出，再生的溶剂再循环到洗涤步骤中。为了减少排放到大气中的气体中的溶剂蒸气的含量，将释放的气态馏分与非热脱气溶剂进行热交换冷却，以便从气态馏分中冷凝夹带的溶剂蒸汽。

9. 发明授权

US4492676A Process for preventing the plugging of installations with metallic sulfides 失效
标题翻译：防止金属硫化物堵塞装置的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4492676A
公开(公告)日：1985-01-08
申请号：US580598
申请日：1984-02-16
申请人： Karl Baur , Heinz Karwat
发明人： Karl Baur , Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , C01B3/00 , B01D53/34
CPC分类号： B01D53/1493 , B01D53/1412 , B01D53/1456 , C01B3/00 , Y02C10/06
摘要： For preventing the fouling and/or plugging of apparatus with metallic sulfides in the processing and purification of synthesis gases contaminated with metal carbonyls, wherein the synthesis gases are scrubbed with a physical solvent, which solvent is regenerated and reused, an organic phosphite, e.g., trimethyl phosphite, and/or an organic phosphine, e.g., triethyl phosphine or triphenyl phosphine, is added as a complexing agent to the scrubbing media, preferably in between the scrubbing and absorption regenerating steps.
摘要翻译：为了防止在金属羰基化合物污染的合成气的处理和净化中金属硫化物的装置结垢和/或堵塞，其中合成气用物理溶剂洗涤，哪些溶剂被再生和重复使用，有机亚磷酸酯，例如，亚磷酸三甲酯和/或有机膦，例如三乙基膦或三苯基膦，作为络合剂加入到洗涤介质中，优选在洗涤和吸收再生步骤之间。

10. 发明授权

US4381926A Method and apparatus for regulating ammonia concentration during scrubbing of gaseous mixtures 失效
标题翻译：用于在洗涤气体混合物期间调节氨浓度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4381926A
公开(公告)日：1983-05-03
申请号：US305220
申请日：1981-09-24
申请人： Heinz Karwat
发明人： Heinz Karwat
IPC分类号： C01B3/52 , C10K1/16 , B01D53/14 , B01D19/00
CPC分类号： C10K1/16 , C01B3/52 , C01B2203/0415 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0485
摘要： Methods and apparatus for scrubbing gaseous mixtures containing ammonia are disclosed in which the gaseous mixtures are contacted with methanol in a scrubbing column to remove any acidic gases therefrom, the methanol is separated from the acidic gases and recirculated, and at least a portion of the methanol is contacted with an ion exchange material so as to remove at least a portion of the ammonia therefrom. In one embodiment of the invention, the method and apparatus also includes addition of methanol to the gaseous mixture prior to contacting in the scrubbing column so as to produce a methanol-water mixture with any water contained in the gaseous mixture and prevent the icing thereof, and includes separating the methanol-water mixture from the gaseous mixture prior to contacting with the scrubbing column as well as separating the methanol from the water and recirculating the methanol.
摘要翻译：公开了用于洗涤含有氨的气态混合物的方法和装置，其中气态混合物在洗涤塔中与甲醇接触以除去其中的任何酸性气体，甲醇与酸性气体分离并再循环，并且至少部分甲醇与离子交换材料接触，以从其中除去至少一部分氨。在本发明的一个实施方案中，所述方法和装置还包括在与洗涤塔接触之前向气体混合物中加入甲醇，以便与气态混合物中包含的任何水产生甲醇 - 水混合物并防止其结冰，并且包括在与洗涤塔接触之前将甲醇 - 水混合物与气体混合物分离，以及将甲醇与水分离并再循环甲醇。

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