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1. 发明授权

US07580043B2 Method for adding detail to a texture map 有权
标题翻译：将细节添加到纹理贴图的方法
公开(公告)号：US07580043B2
公开(公告)日：2009-08-25
申请号：US11507071
申请日：2006-08-18
申请人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
发明人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06T11/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： A method and apparatus for mapping a texture to a surface of a computer generated object dependent upon the geometric shape of the object. The method includes the steps of approximating a true pixel color by performing a number of texturing operations and averaging the results of the texturing operations. The apparatus including a texturing unit comprising a control unit for determining a set of N footprint textel locations, a RAM for determining N sets of textel values with each set of textel values being associated with one footprint textel location, an interpolator for interpolating the N sets of textel values for each textel location, and an averaging unit for determining an average value from the interpolated values for each textel location.
摘要翻译：取决于对象的几何形状将纹理映射到计算机生成对象的表面的方法和装置。该方法包括以下步骤：通过执行多个纹理化操作并对纹理化操作的结果进行平均来逼近真实像素颜色。该装置包括纹理单元，该纹理单元包括用于确定一组N个印迹纹理位置的控制单元，用于确定N组纹理值的RAM，其中每组文本值与一个印迹纹理位置相关联;内插器，用于内插N个集合每个文本位置的文本值的平均值，以及用于从每个文本位置的内插值确定平均值的平均单元。

2. 发明授权

US06236405B1 System and method for mapping textures onto surfaces of computer-generated objects 失效
标题翻译：将纹理映射到计算机生成的对象的表面上的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06236405B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-22
申请号：US08884044
申请日：1997-06-27
申请人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
发明人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06T1140
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： A first texture mapping unit generates texture coordinates and associated Red, Blue, Green (RGB) values in response to coordinates received from a rasterizer. The first texture mapping unit makes use of compressed texture mipmaps to reduce memory storage and bandwidth requirements. The compressed texture maps may be generated by a compression system employing principles of Block Truncation Coding (BTC) and Color Cell Compression (CCC). A second texture mapping unit generates texture coordinates and associated RGB values in response to coordinates received from a rasterizer. The second texture mapping unit includes a memory organization allowing two mipmap levels to be retrieved in a single access, and 8-port Color Lookup Table (CLUT), a trilinear interpolator and a video port. A footprint assembly system maps textures onto surfaces by approximating the projection of a pixel onto a texture by a number of square mipmapped texels. The second texture mapping unit also performs environment mapping, reflectance mapping and detail maps.
摘要翻译：第一纹理映射单元响应于从光栅化器接收的坐标产生纹理坐标和相关联的红，蓝，绿（RGB）值。第一个纹理映射单元利用压缩纹理mipmap来减少内存存储和带宽需求。可以通过使用块截断编码（BTC）和色彩细胞压缩（CCC）原理的压缩系统来生成压缩纹理图。第二纹理映射单元响应于从光栅化器接收的坐标产生纹理坐标和相关联的RGB值。第二纹理映射单元包括允许在单个访问中检索两个mipmap级别的存储器组织，以及8端口颜色查找表（CLUT），三线性内插器和视频端口。贴图组合系统将纹理映射到表面上，通过将像素投影到纹理上由多个正方形的映射纹理图像进行映射。第二纹理映射单元还执行环境映射，反射映射和细节图。

3. 发明授权

US06937250B1 System and method for mapping textures onto surfaces of computer-generated objects 有权
标题翻译：将纹理映射到计算机生成的对象的表面上的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06937250B1
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US09708775
申请日：2000-11-07
申请人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
发明人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： A method for mapping a texture onto a surface of a computer generated object represented by a plurality of pixels, where the mapping of the texture is dependent upon the geometric shape of the object. The method includes dividing a texture map comprising a plurality of texels into blocks, determining two block values for each block which are representative of the texel values for that block, compressing the texture map, and mapping said compressed texture map onto the surface of the computer generated object.
摘要翻译：一种用于将纹理映射到由多个像素表示的计算机生成对象的表面上的方法，其中纹理的映射取决于对象的几何形状。该方法包括将包括多个纹素的纹理映射划分成块，确定代表该块的纹理值的每个块的两个块值，压缩纹理映射，以及将所述压缩纹理映射映射到计算机的表面上生成对象。

4. 发明授权

US06903737B2 Method and apparatus for implementing spread memory layout 失效
标题翻译：实现扩展存储器布局的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06903737B2
公开(公告)日：2005-06-07
申请号：US10056317
申请日：2002-01-23
申请人： Guenter Knittel
发明人： Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06F12/08 , G06T1/60 , G06T15/00 , G09G5/39 , G06T17/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0875 , G06T1/60 , G06T15/005 , G09G5/39 , G09G2360/121 , G09G2360/123
摘要： This disclosure provides a system for efficiently processing a data set. More particularly, image data such as volumetric data are stored in a spread memory fashion, with image data subsets occupying only a fraction of each page. Each memory page is sized to roughly map to processor cache size (or a section thereof), such that image data is always mapped to one or more predetermined fractions of processor cache. By keeping processing parameters (e.g., look-up tables and buffers) in the remainder of cache, the system effectively locks those parameters against overwrite by the image data. This system facilitates the use of conventional workstations, laptops and other machines not enhanced for processing large or complicated data sets. It also extends capabilities of both un-enhanced and enhance machines, permitting them to process data more efficiently.
摘要翻译：本公开提供了一种用于有效处理数据集的系统。更具体地，诸如体积数据的图像数据以扩展存储器方式存储，图像数据子集仅占据每个页面的一小部分。每个存储器页面的大小被设计为粗略地映射到处理器高速缓存大小（或其一部分），使得图像数据总是映射到处理器高速缓存的一个或多个预定分数。通过在缓存的剩余部分中保持处理参数（例如，查找表和缓冲器），系统有效地锁定这些参数以防被图像数据重写。该系统便于使用传统的工作站，笔记本电脑和其他未增强处理大型或复杂数据集的机器。它还扩展了不增强和增强机器的功能，使他们能够更有效地处理数据。

5. 发明授权

US06606280B1 Voice-operated remote control 失效
标题翻译：语音遥控器
公开(公告)号：US06606280B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US09255288
申请日：1999-02-22
申请人： Guenter Knittel
发明人： Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： H04D100
CPC分类号： H04B1/202 , G08C2201/31 , G10L15/26
摘要： This disclosure provides a voice-operated remote control intended to replace multiple entertainment system remotes, and it preferably includes two parts, a base unit and a remote (or table-top) unit. During normal operation, the base unit receives each electronic speaker driver signal from a stereo receiver or other sound source and uses speaker-specific transfer functions to generate an “audio mimic signal” which accounts for room acoustics and circuitry distortions. This signal is then subtracted from detected sound and a residual is used to detect spoken commands. In response to spoken commands, learned IR commands are transmitted by the base unit to the remote unit, which then repeats these commands, directing them toward the appropriate entertainment system. Learning of room acoustics and of IR and spoken commands are each performed in discrete modes. During a speaker learning mode, the base unit causes each speaker in turn to generate a test pattern which is measured via microphone and used to develop a speaker-specific transfer function. During a command learning mode, a user speaks each command (e.g., “TV on,” “Tape Off,” “louder,” etc) several times into the remote unit until that spoken command is “learned” and recognizable.
摘要翻译：该公开提供了用于替换多个娱乐系统遥控器的语音操作遥控器，并且其优选地包括两个部件，即基本单元和远程（或桌面）单元。在正常操作期间，基本单元从立体声接收器或其他声源接收每个电子扬声器驱动器信号，并使用特定于扬声器的传递函数来产生考虑室内声学和电路失真的“音频模拟信号”。然后从检测到的声音中减去该信号，并使用残差来检测口头命令。响应于口语命令，学习的IR命令由基本单元发送到远程单元，然后重复这些命令，将它们指向适当的娱乐系统。室内声学和IR和口语命令的学习都以离散模式进行。在扬声器学习模式期间，基本单元使得每个扬声器依次产生通过麦克风测量的测试图案，并用于开发特定于扬声器的传递功能。在命令学习模式期间，用户将多个命令（例如，“打开电视”，“磁带关闭”，“更响亮”等）多次进入远程单元，直到该语音命令被“学习”并且可识别为止。

6. 发明授权

US5959631A Hardware and software for the visualization of three-dimensional data sets 失效
标题翻译：用于三维数据集可视化的硬件和软件
公开(公告)号：US5959631A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US919630
申请日：1997-08-28
申请人： Guenter Knittel
发明人： Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06T15/06 , G06T15/40 , G06T17/40
CPC分类号： G06T15/40 , G06T15/06
摘要： A method and system for the visualization of three-dimensional data sets. The data set is compressed using blockwise two-level (one bit) quantization. The compressed data is stored on a storage medium and a visualization algorithm is applied to the compressed data set. The compression operation of one of said blocks results in a bit string, herein denoted a code element, which contains one decision bit for each data element defining the level assigned to a data element, and the two levels for a block. Data elements, for example, represent brightness values or colors, wherein the resulting colors of the entire compressed data set are again quantized to a smaller number of bits, e.g. 8 bits.
摘要翻译：一种可视化三维数据集的方法和系统。使用块式二电平（一位）量化来压缩数据集。将压缩数据存储在存储介质上，并将可视化算法应用于压缩数据集。所述块之一的压缩操作产生位串，这里表示为代码元素，其包含定义分配给数据元素的级别的每个数据元素的一个判定位，以及用于块的两个级别。例如，数据元素表示亮度值或颜色，其中整个压缩数据集合的结果颜色再次被量化为较少的比特数，例如。 8位。

7. 发明申请

US20070070078A1 Method for adding detail to a texture map 有权
标题翻译：将细节添加到纹理贴图的方法
公开(公告)号：US20070070078A1
公开(公告)日：2007-03-29
申请号：US11507071
申请日：2006-08-18
申请人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
发明人： Andreas Schilling , Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/04
摘要： A method and apparatus for mapping a texture to a surface of a computer generated object dependent upon the geometric shape of the object. The method includes the steps of approximating a true pixel color by performing a number of texturing operations and averaging the results of the texturing operations. The apparatus including a texturing unit comprising a control unit for determining a set of N footprint textel locations, a RAM for determining N sets of textel values with each set of textel values being associated with one footprint textel location, an interpolator for interpolating the N sets of textel values for each textel location, and an averaging unit for determining an average value from the interpolated values for each textel location.
摘要翻译：取决于对象的几何形状将纹理映射到计算机生成对象的表面的方法和装置。该方法包括以下步骤：通过执行多个纹理化操作并对纹理化操作的结果进行平均来逼近真实像素颜色。该装置包括纹理单元，该纹理单元包括用于确定一组N个印迹纹理位置的控制单元，用于确定N组纹理值的RAM，其中每组文本值与一个印迹纹理位置相关联;内插器，用于内插N个集合每个文本位置的文本值的平均值，以及用于从每个文本位置的内插值确定平均值的平均单元。

8. 发明授权

US06542154B1 Architectural extensions to 3D texturing units for accelerated volume rendering 失效
标题翻译：三维纹理单元的架构扩展，用于加快体积渲染
公开(公告)号：US06542154B1
公开(公告)日：2003-04-01
申请号：US09370612
申请日：1999-08-07
申请人： Guenter Knittel
发明人： Guenter Knittel
IPC分类号： G06T1520
CPC分类号： G06T15/20 , G06T2200/28
摘要： Volume rendering of an image from a volume data set is performed by dividing the image into a plurality of sub-regions and processing the sub-regions one at a time. The sub-regions are processed one at a time by a chip including a triangle unit for creating projections of sub-region on at least one plane cutting the volume data set; a rasterization/3D-texturing unit for texturing each projection received from the triangle unit; and a triangle buffer and compositing unit for compositing each projection textured by the rasterization/texturing unit. After a sub-region has been processed, the chip sends the composited projection to an external frame buffer for display.
摘要翻译：通过将图像划分为多个子区域并一次处理子区域来执行来自体数据集的图像的体绘制。通过包括三角形单元的芯片一次处理子区域，用于在切割体数据集的至少一个平面上创建子区域的投影; 光栅化/ 3D纹理单元，用于纹理化从三角形单元接收的每个投影; 以及用于合成由光栅化/纹理化单元纹理化的每个投影的三角形缓冲器和合成单元。在处理子区域之后，芯片将合成的投影发送到外部帧缓冲区以进行显示。

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