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1. 发明授权

US4617985A Heat pipe stabilized specimen container 失效
标题翻译：热管稳定标本容器
公开(公告)号：US4617985A
公开(公告)日：1986-10-21
申请号：US769745
申请日：1985-08-27
申请人： Geoffrey W. Triggs , Richard J. Lightowlers , Derek Robinson , Graham Rice
发明人： Geoffrey W. Triggs , Richard J. Lightowlers , Derek Robinson , Graham Rice
IPC分类号： G01N3/18 , F28D15/02 , F28D15/04 , G01N25/00 , G21C1/30 , G05D23/00 , F28D15/00
CPC分类号： G21C1/303 , F28D15/046 , Y02E30/40
摘要： A heat pipe stablized specimen container for irradiation of specimens at substantially constant temperature within a liquid metal cooled fast reactor comprises a heat pipe containing a vaporizable substance such as sodium. The container is of double-walled construction with the gap filled with argon and at top of the container a volume of argon is trapped within a cavity of the liquid metal level within the container in such a way that retention of argon in this zone is not dependent on sealing welds in the structure of the container, the argon blanket in this zone affording thermal insulation at the top of the container and also around part of the heat pipe, viz an adiabatic section of the latter. The heat pipe includes three layer wick structure 84 comprising an outer relatively fine mesh layer, a coarse intermediate layer and a fine inner layer for promoting unimpeded return of condensate to the evaporation section of the heat pipe while enhancing heat transfer with the heat pipe wall and reducing entrainment of the condensate by the upwardly rising vapor.
摘要翻译：用于在液体金属冷却的快速反应器内以基本恒定的温度照射样品的热管稳定样品容器包括含有可蒸发物质如钠的热管。容器是双壁结构，其间隙填充有氩气，并且在容器的顶部，一定体积的氩被捕获在容器内的液态金属水平的空腔内，使得氩气在该区域中的保留不是取决于容器结构中的密封焊缝，该区域中的氩气层在容器顶部提供热绝缘，并且还在热管的一部分周围，即后者的绝热部分。热管包括三层芯结构84，其包括外部相对细的网格层，粗中间层和细内层，用于促进冷凝物不受阻碍地返回到热管的蒸发部分，同时增强与热管壁的热传递，通过向上升的蒸气减少冷凝物的夹带。

2. 发明授权

US3943330A Method and apparatus for electrically heating a fluid 失效
标题翻译：电加热流体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US3943330A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-09
申请号：US445421
申请日：1974-02-25
申请人： James Francis Pollock , Peter Douglas Dunn , Graham Rice , Basil Dixon Power
发明人： James Francis Pollock , Peter Douglas Dunn , Graham Rice , Basil Dixon Power
IPC分类号： F22B1/28 , F04F9/00 , F24H1/10 , H01L39/04 , H05B3/14
CPC分类号： H05B3/145 , F04F9/00 , F24H1/101
摘要： Fluid heating arrangements and methods are provided wherein liquid is caused to flow through a fluid permeable electrical resistance heater body. Prior to the heater body, the liquid passes through a fluid permeable flow control member which offers a uniform resistance to the entire flow of the liquid. Static pressure head of the fluid varies over the entry surface of the flow control member, and the permeability of the combination of the heater body and the flow control member are such as to cause a pressure drop in the fluid greater than the variations in static pressure head of the fluid at the entry surface of the flow control member. This promotes a uniform flow of the fluid through the heater body even in the presence of significant differences in static pressure head over the fluid entry surface of the flow control member. The permeability of the flow control member may be such that the pressure drop across the flow control member alone is greater than the variation in the static pressure head of the fluid over the entry surface of the flow control member.
摘要翻译：提供流体加热装置和方法，其中使液体流过流体可渗透的电阻加热器主体。在加热器体之前，液体通过流体可渗透的流量控制构件，其对液体的整个流动提供均匀的抵抗力。流体的静压头在流量控制构件的入口表面上变化，并且加热器主体和流量控制构件的组合的渗透性使得流体中的压降大于静压力的变化在流动控制构件的进入表面处的流体的头部。即使在流动控制构件的流体入口表面上的静压头存在显着差异的情况下，这也促进流体通过加热器主体的均匀流动。流量控制构件的渗透性可以使得单独流动控制构件上的压降大于流体控制构件入口表面上的流体的静压头的变化。

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