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1. 发明授权

US5446833A Textured sphere and spherical environment map rendering using texture map double indirection 失效
标题翻译：纹理球体和球面环境地图绘制使用纹理贴图双重间接
公开(公告)号：US5446833A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US205137
申请日：1994-02-28
申请人： Gavin S. P. Miller , Shenchang E. Chen
发明人： Gavin S. P. Miller , Shenchang E. Chen
IPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G09B9/30 , G09B29/00 , G06F15/72
CPC分类号： G09B29/005 , G06T15/04 , G09B9/301
摘要： A method and apparatus for rendering textured spheres and spherical environment maps. The method of the present invention provides for real time rotation of a textured sphere and panning of the view into a spherical environment map, along multiple axes without the need for special rendering hardware. A two-level indexing scheme for accessing pixel data in a texture map, is used to identify shading values for pixels in a display window. The two-level indexing scheme is comprised of a screen look-up table and a parametric look-up table. The screen look-up table has the dimensions of the display window, whereas the parametric look-up table has the dimensions of the parametric spherical environment map (wherein the pixel addresses are rotated 90 degrees from the origin). The method for the present invention is comprised primarily of the steps of: providing a parametric spherical environment map of the image to be viewed, generating a screen look-up table comprised of look-up addresses, generating a parametric look-up table comprised of index values into the parametric spherical environment map, and for each look-up address in the screen look-up table, mapping to an entry in the parametric look-up table, retrieving the value in the entry, and using the value to retrieve pixel values from the parametric spherical environment map. Rotation or movement of the view being seen is accomplished by adding offsets to the look-up address and/or the index values.
摘要翻译：用于渲染纹理球体和球形环境图的方法和装置。本发明的方法提供纹理化球体的实时旋转并且将视图平移到多个轴的球面环境图中，而不需要特殊的渲染硬件。用于访问纹理图中的像素数据的两级索引方案用于标识显示窗口中的像素的阴影值。两级索引方案由屏幕查询表和参数查找表组成。屏幕查找表具有显示窗口的尺寸，而参数查找表具有参数化球面环境图的尺寸（其中像素地址从原点旋转90度）。本发明的方法主要包括以下步骤：提供要观看的图像的参数球形环境图，生成由查找地址组成的屏幕查找表，生成包括以下内容的参数查找表：索引值进入参数化球面环境图，并且对于每个查找地址在屏幕查找表中，映射到参数查找表中的条目，检索条目中的值，并使用值来检索像素参数球面环境图中的值。所查看的视图的旋转或移动是通过向查找地址和/或索引值添加偏移来实现的。

2. 发明授权

US5561756A Textured sphere and spherical environment map rendering using texture map double indirection 失效
公开(公告)号：US5561756A
公开(公告)日：1996-10-01
申请号：US486822
申请日：1995-06-07
申请人： Gavin S. P. Miller , Shenchang E. Chen
发明人： Gavin S. P. Miller , Shenchang E. Chen
IPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G09B9/30 , G09B29/00 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G09B29/005 , G06T15/04 , G09B9/301
摘要： A method and apparatus for rendering textured spheres and spherical environment maps. The method of the present invention provides for real time rotation of a textured sphere and panning of the view into a spherical environment map, along multiple axes without the need for special rendering hardware. A two-level indexing scheme for accessing pixel data in a texture map, is used to identify shading values for pixels in a display window. The two-level indexing scheme is comprised of a screen look-up table and a parametric look-up table. The screen look-up table has the dimensions of the display window, whereas the parametric look-up table has the dimensions of the parametric spherical environment map (wherein the pixel addresses are rotated 90 degrees from the origin). The method for the present invention is comprised primarily of the steps of: providing a parametric spherical environment map of the image to be viewed, generating a screen look-up table comprised of look-up addresses, generating a parametric look-up table comprised of index values into the parametric spherical environment map, and for each look-up address in the screen look-up table, mapping to an entry in the parametric look-up table, retrieving the value in the entry, and using the value to retrieve pixel values from the parametric spherical environment map. Rotation or movement of the view being seen is accomplished by adding offsets to the look-up address and/or the index values.

3. 发明授权

US5396583A Cylindrical to planar image mapping using scanline coherence 失效
标题翻译：使用扫描线相干的圆柱到平面图像映射
公开(公告)号：US5396583A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-07
申请号：US959716
申请日：1992-10-13
申请人： Shenchang E. Chen , Gavin S. P. Miller
发明人： Shenchang E. Chen , Gavin S. P. Miller
IPC分类号： G06T15/04 , G06F15/62
CPC分类号： G06T3/0043 , G06T15/04
摘要： A method and apparatus for generating perspective views of a scene. With a viewing position at the center of to be cylindrical environment map, different views can be obtained by rotating the viewing direction either horizontally or vertically. The horizontal construction method of the present invention generally involves the steps of: determining the portion of the cylindrical map to be viewed; vertically interpolating pixel values in the portion of the cylindrical map to be viewed and mapping to a viewing plane; and displaying the viewing plane. The vertical construction method of the present invention generally involves the steps of: determining the portion of the cylindrical map to be viewed; vertically interpolating pixel values in the portion of the cylindrical map robe viewed and mapping to a vertical plane; horizontally interpolating pixel values in the vertical plane and mapping to the viewing plane; and displaying the viewing plane.
摘要翻译：一种用于产生场景的透视图的方法和装置。在中心的观察位置为圆柱形环境图，可以通过水平或垂直地旋转观察方向来获得不同的视图。本发明的水平施工方法通常包括以下步骤：确定待观察的圆柱形地图的部分; 垂直内插要查看的圆柱形图的部分中的像素值并映射到观察平面; 并显示观察平面。本发明的垂直构造方法通常包括以下步骤：确定待观察的圆柱形地图的部分; 在圆柱形地图长袍的部分中垂直内插像素值并将其映射到垂直平面; 在垂直平面中水平内插像素值并映射到观察平面; 并显示观察平面。

4. 发明授权

US5613048A Three-dimensional image synthesis using view interpolation 失效
标题翻译：使用视图插值的三维图像合成
公开(公告)号：US5613048A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-18
申请号：US100923
申请日：1993-08-03
申请人： Shenchang E. Chen , Lance Williams
发明人： Shenchang E. Chen , Lance Williams
IPC分类号： G06T15/20 , G06T15/00
CPC分类号： G06T15/205 , G06T2210/44
摘要： Three-dimensional scenes are portrayed from different viewpoints by morphing two-dimensional images. Various key views of a scene are stored, along with offset maps that identify the correspondence of pixels in adjacent stored images. When an intermediate view of the scene is to be presented, one or more stored views are interpolated through a morphing technique. Since the key views and their offset data are pre-stored, the morphing and presentation of new views can be carried out at interactive rates. By providing the ability to quickly compute many closely spaced views, the disclosed morphing technique also facilitates the rapid computation of soft shadows and motion blur in images.
摘要翻译：通过变形二维图像，从不同的角度描绘三维场景。存储场景的各种关键视图以及标识相邻存储图像中像素的对应关系的偏移图。当要呈现场景的中间视图时，通过变形技术对一个或多个存储的视图进行内插。由于主要观点及其偏移数据已被预先存储，新视图的变形和呈现可以互动率进行。通过提供快速计算许多紧密间隔视图的能力，所公开的变形技术还有助于快速计算图像中的软阴影和运动模糊。

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