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1. 再颁专利

USRE35456E Fluoroscopic method with reduced x-ray dosage 失效
标题翻译：荧光检查法减少x射线剂量
公开(公告)号：USRE35456E
公开(公告)日：1997-02-18
申请号：US272067
申请日：1994-07-08
申请人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer , Chukka Srinivas
发明人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer , Chukka Srinivas
IPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/18 , H04N7/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H04N19/587 , H04N7/0135 , H05G1/60
摘要： A method of fluoroscopically observing a living creature with reduced x-ray dosage is usable with a video monitor for displaying frames of image samples received during respective ones of frame scan intervals that regularly and successively occur at a display frame rate sufficiently high that brightness flicker is acceptably low to a human observer; an x-ray source that can be gated on for intervals not as long as a display frame; a fluoroscopic camera, including a raster-scanning video camera and a x-ray-to-light conversion apparatus with persistence not appreciably longer than a display frame; and frame filling apparatus for grabbing frames of image samples and interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples, when necessary, to generate frames of image samples at said display frame rate. During ones of said successive frame scan intervals, x-ray radiation is directed from the gated x-ray source through the living creature; the x-ray shadow of at least a portion of the living creature is viewed with the fluoroscopic camera; and the frame filling apparatus grabs frames of image samples from the raster-scanning video camera to be stored in frame stores and used as bases from which to compute fill frames of image samples. The frame filling apparatus continuously supplies to the video monitor the frames of image samples it generates at display frame rate.
摘要翻译：用X射线剂量减少的荧光透视观察活体的方法可用于显示在相应的帧扫描间隔期间接收到的图像样本的帧的视频监视器，其以足够高的显示帧速率规则地和连续地出现，使得亮度闪烁为对人类观察者的接受度低; 可以选择不与显示框一样长的X射线源; 荧光摄像机，包括光栅扫描摄像机和X射线到光转换装置，其持久性不比显示帧长得多; 以及帧填充装置，用于抓取图像样本的帧并且在必要时在连续抓取的图像样本帧之间进行内插以以所述显示帧速率生成图像样本帧。在所述连续帧扫描间隔期间，x射线辐射从门控X射线源通过活体引导; 用荧光镜照相机观看至少一部分生物的x射线阴影; 并且帧填充设备从光栅扫描摄像机中抓取图像样本的帧以存储在帧存储中，并且用作从其计算图像样本的填充帧的基础。帧填充装置以显示帧速率连续向视频监视器提供其生成的图像样本的帧。

2. 发明授权

US5224141A Fluoroscopic method with reduced x-ray dosage 失效
标题翻译：荧光检查法减少x射线剂量
公开(公告)号：US5224141A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-29
申请号：US810341
申请日：1991-12-09
申请人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer , Chukka Srinivas
发明人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer , Chukka Srinivas
IPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H04N7/01 , H04N7/18 , H04N7/46 , H05G1/60
CPC分类号： H04N7/0135 , H04N19/587 , H04N5/32 , H05G1/60
摘要： A method for fluoroscopically observing a living creature with reduced x-ray dosage is usable with a video monitor for displaying frames of image samples received during respective ones of frame scan intervals that regularly and successively occur at a display frame rate sufficiently high that brightness flicker is acceptably low to a human observer; an x-ray source that can be gated on for intervals not as long as a display frame; a fluoroscopic camera, including a raster-scanning video camera and a x-ray-to-light conversion apparatus with persistence not appreciably longer than a display frame; and frame filling apparatus for grabbing frames of image samples and interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples, when necessary, to generate frames of image samples at said display frame rate. During ones of said successive frame scan intervals, x-ray radiation is directed from the gated x-ray source through the living creature; the x-ray shadow of at least a portion of the living creature is viewed with the fluoroscopic camera; and the frame filling apparatus grabs frames of image samples from the raster-scanning video camera to be stored in frame stores and used as bases from which to compute fill frames of image samples. The frame filling apparatus continuously supplies to the video monitor the frames of image samples it generates at display frame rate.
摘要翻译：用于透视观察具有减少的X射线剂量的活体的方法可用于视频监视器，用于显示在相应的帧扫描间隔期间接收的图像样本帧，其以足够高的显示帧速率规则地和连续地出现，使得亮度闪烁为对人类观察者的接受度低; 可以选择不与显示框一样长的X射线源; 荧光摄像机，包括光栅扫描摄像机和X射线到光转换装置，其持久性不比显示帧长得多; 以及帧填充装置，用于抓取图像样本的帧并且在必要时在连续抓取的图像样本帧之间进行内插以以所述显示帧速率生成图像样本帧。在所述连续帧扫描间隔期间，x射线辐射从门控X射线源通过活体引导; 用荧光镜照相机观看至少一部分生物的x射线阴影; 并且帧填充设备从光栅扫描摄像机中抓取图像样本的帧以存储在帧存储中，并且用作从其计算图像样本的填充帧的基础。帧填充装置以显示帧速率连续向视频监视器提供其生成的图像样本的帧。

3. 发明授权

US5493598A Fluoroscopic imager with frame-filling apparatus 失效
公开(公告)号：US5493598A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-20
申请号：US402411
申请日：1995-03-10
申请人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
发明人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
IPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64
CPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H05G1/60 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A fluoroscopic imager for observing a living creature with reduced x-ray dosage uses a video monitor for displaying frames of image samples received during respective ones of frame scan intervals that regularly and successively occur at a display frame rate sufficiently high that brightness flicker is acceptably low to a human observer; an x-ray source that can be gated on for intervals not as long as a display frame; and a fluoroscopic camera, including a raster-scanning video camera and x-ray-to-light conversion apparatus with persistence not appreciably longer than a display frame and frame-filling apparatus. Especially during purely diagnostic procedures, the frame-filling apparatus generates a continuous succession of frames of image samples at the display frame rate by interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples. During procedures in which interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples introduces unacceptable delay in the observed image, the frame-filling apparatus generates the continuous succession of frames of image samples by extrapolating from each most recently grabbed frame.

4. 发明授权

US5400383A Fluoroscopic imager with frame-filling apparatus 失效
标题翻译：带框架灌装设备的荧光成像仪
公开(公告)号：US5400383A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-21
申请号：US805248
申请日：1991-12-09
申请人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
发明人： Fathy F. Yassa , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
IPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/38
CPC分类号： H04N5/32 , H05G1/60 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A fluoroscopic imager for observing a living creature with reduced x-ray dosage uses a video monitor for displaying frames of image samples received during respective ones of frame scan intervals that regularly and successively occur at a display frame rate sufficiently high that brightness flicker is acceptably low to a human observer; an x-ray source that can be gated on for intervals not as long as a display frame; and a fluoroscopic camera, including a raster-scanning video camera and x-ray-to-light conversion apparatus with persistence not appreciably longer than a display frame and frame-filling apparatus. Especially during purely diagnostic procedures, the frame-filling apparatus generates a continuous succession of frames of image samples at the display frame rate by interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples. During procedures in which interpolating between successively grabbed frames of image samples introduces unacceptable delay in the observed image, the frame-filling apparatus generates the continuous succession of frames of image samples by extrapolating from each most recently grabbed frame.
摘要翻译：用于观察具有减少的X射线剂量的活体的荧光透视成像仪使用视频监视器来显示在相应的帧扫描间隔期间接收的图像样本帧，其以足够高的显示帧速率规则地和连续地出现，使得亮度闪烁可接受地低给人类观察者可以选择不与显示框一样长的X射线源; 以及荧光摄像机，其包括光栅扫描摄像机和X射线到光转换装置，其持续时间不比显示框和帧填充装置长得多。特别是在纯粹的诊断过程中，帧填充装置通过在连续抓取的图像样本帧之间进行内插，以显示帧速率生成连续的图像样本帧。在连续抓取的图像样本帧之间进行内插的过程在观察图像中引入不可接受的延迟的过程中，帧填充设备通过从每个最近被抓取的帧中外推来生成连续的图像样本帧。

5. 发明授权

US5319696A X-ray dose reduction in pulsed systems by adaptive X-ray pulse adjustment 失效
标题翻译：通过自适应X射线脉冲调整，脉冲系统中的X射线剂量减少
公开(公告)号：US5319696A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US956204
申请日：1992-10-05
申请人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Steven P. Roehm , John J. Bloomer
发明人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Steven P. Roehm , John J. Bloomer
IPC分类号： H05G1/32 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/64 , H05G1/44
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/32
摘要： An interactive system for producing acceptable quality fluoroscopy images determines X-ray tube photon count and voltage while minimizing X-ray radiation dosage to a subject. Parameters of the subject and the type of image to be produced are provided to the system. X-ray tube voltage U and photon count Q are initialized at a fraction of conventional values for a portion of a subject to be imaged. An image is created and sectioned into rectangles. Rectangles having the greatest and least gradient values are used to determine variances indicating signal and noise power respectively. Images are produced and adjusted until the maximum transmitted power is reached, or the signal-to-noise ratio does not increase beyond a quality increment. The process is repeated to optimize X-ray tube voltage. The X-ray fluoroscopy procedure is then performed with the optimum X-ray tube photon count and the optimum X-ray tube voltage thereby reducing X-ray dosage. The optimization is repeated periodically to readjust the system.
摘要翻译：用于产生可接受质量的荧光透视图像的交互式系统确定X射线管光子计数和电压，同时使对受试者的X射线辐射剂量最小化。将要生成的对象的参数和图像的类型提供给系统。 X射线管电压U和光子计数Q以被成像对象的一部分的常规值的一部分被初始化。创建图像并将其分割成矩形。具有最大和最小梯度值的矩形用于分别确定指示信号和噪声功率的方差。生成和调整图像直到达到最大传输功率，或者信噪比不会超过质量增量。重复该过程以优化X射线管电压。然后用最佳X射线管光子计数和最佳X射线管电压进行X射线透视程序，从而降低X射线剂量。定期重复优化以重新调整系统。

6. 发明授权

US5293415A X-ray fluoroscopy system for reducing dosage employing iterative power ratio estimation 失效
标题翻译： X射线荧光透视系统，用于减少剂量，采用迭代功率比估计
公开(公告)号：US5293415A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-08
申请号：US956203
申请日：1992-10-05
申请人： Richard I. Hartley , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
发明人： Richard I. Hartley , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John J. Bloomer
IPC分类号： H05G1/46 , H05G1/60 , H05G1/44
CPC分类号： H05G1/60 , H05G1/46
摘要： An interactive system for producing acceptable quality fluoroscopy images determines X-ray tube photon count and voltage while minimizing X-ray radiation dosage to a subject. Parameters of the subject and the type of image to be produced are provided to the system. X-ray tube voltage and current are initialized at a fraction of conventional values for a portion of a subject to be imaged. An image is then created and transformed. A power ratio of low frequency components to high frequency components is calculated indicating quality of the image. Images are produced and adjusted until the maximum exposure is reached, or the power ratio does not increase beyond a quality increment. The process is repeated to optimize X-ray tube voltage. The X-ray fluoroscopy procedure is performed with the optimum X-ray tube photon count and the optimum voltage thereby reducing X-ray dosage. The optimization is repeated periodically to readjust the system.
摘要翻译：用于产生可接受质量的荧光透视图像的交互式系统确定X射线管光子计数和电压，同时使对受试者的X射线辐射剂量最小化。将要生成的对象的参数和图像的类型提供给系统。 X射线管的电压和电流被初始化为待成像对象的一部分的常规值的一部分。然后创建和转换图像。计算低频分量与高频分量的功率比，指示图像的质量。生成和调整图像直到达到最大曝光量，或者功率比不会超过质量增量。重复该过程以优化X射线管电压。用最佳X射线管光子计数和最佳电压进行X射线透视程序，从而降低X射线剂量。定期重复优化以重新调整系统。

7. 发明授权

US5325198A Unitary transform methods of identifying defects in imaging devices 失效
标题翻译：识别成像设备缺陷的单一变换方法
公开(公告)号：US5325198A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-28
申请号：US40959
申请日：1993-03-31
申请人： Richard I. Hartley , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , A. Nadeem Ishaque
发明人： Richard I. Hartley , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , A. Nadeem Ishaque
IPC分类号： H04N17/00
CPC分类号： H04N17/002
摘要： An automated system for determining artifacts in images indicating defects in an imaging device being tested employs a constant radiation source which supplies radiation of spatially uniform intensity to the imaging device to be tested. The imaging device then creates a flood image A.sup.(0). A region of interest (ROI) mask unit for all pixel values of flood image A.sup.(0) sets values to zero outside of the imaging devices field of view to produce a flood image A.sup.(1). An image normalization unit normalizes flood image A.sup.(1) to have an average value of zero producing a normalized flood image A. A unitary transform unit performs a unitary transformation of normalized flood image A to produce an transform field which is then masked to select portions of the transform field. The squared magnitudes of the transform values of the selected regions are summed and the resulting sum is normalized for mask shape and flood image intensity to determine and quantify the presence of specific artifacts. The normalized summed value may be compared to a predetermined threshold to determine if the artifacts have a magnitude above an acceptable level. Based upon the results of the comparison, a corrective action may be taken such as removing the imaging device from a manufacturing line or adjusting the imaging device and retesting it.
摘要翻译：用于确定图像中的人造物的自动化系统，其指示正被测试的成像装置中的缺陷，其采用将空间均匀强度的辐射提供给要测试的成像装置的恒定辐射源。然后，成像装置创建洪水图像A（0）。用于洪水图像A（0）的所有像素值的感兴趣区域（ROI）掩模单元将成像装置视野外的值设置为零，以产生洪水图像A（1）。图像归一化单元将洪水图像A（1）归一化为具有平均值零，产生归一化的洪水图像A.单位变换单元执行归一化洪水图像A的一体变换，以产生变换场，然后将其变换为掩模以选择部分的变换领域。将所选区域的变换值的平方幅度相加，并且对掩模形状和洪水图像强度归一化所得到的和，以确定和量化特定伪像的存在。归一化求和值可以与预定阈值进行比较，以确定假象是否具有高于可接受水平的幅度。基于比较的结果，可以采取校正动作，例如从生产线移除成像装置或调整成像装置并重新测试。

8. 发明授权

US5550880A Motor current signal processor using analog substraction of an estimated largest sine wave component 失效
标题翻译：电机电流信号处理器采用模拟减法估计最大的正弦波分量
公开(公告)号：US5550880A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-27
申请号：US521503
申请日：1995-08-30
申请人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John E. Hershey , Gerald B. Kliman , Rudolph A. A. Koegl
发明人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , John E. Hershey , Gerald B. Kliman , Rudolph A. A. Koegl
IPC分类号： H02P23/00 , H03D3/24
CPC分类号： H02P23/183
摘要： A signal processing system includes a phase locked loop for locking a largest sine wave phase and frequency element of an incoming analog signal; an amplitude estimator for estimating a maximum amplitude of the incoming signal; a multiplier for multiplying the estimated largest sine wave phase and frequency element by the estimated maximum amplitude to provide an estimated largest sine wave component; and a subtractor for subtracting the estimated largest sine wave component from the incoming signal to provide a diagnostic signal.
摘要翻译：信号处理系统包括用于锁定输入模拟信号的最大正弦波相位和频率元素的锁相环; 用于估计输入信号的最大幅度的振幅估计器; 乘法器，用于将估计的最大正弦波相位和频率元素乘以估计的最大幅度，以提供估计的最大正弦波分量; 以及用于从输入信号中减去估计的最大正弦波分量以提供诊断信号的减法器。

9. 发明授权

US5497777A Speckle noise filtering in ultrasound imaging 失效
标题翻译：超声成像中的斑点噪声滤波
公开(公告)号：US5497777A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US311698
申请日：1994-09-23
申请人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Max H. M. Costa
发明人： Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Max H. M. Costa
IPC分类号： G01S7/52 , A61B8/00
CPC分类号： G01S7/52028 , G01S7/52077 , G01S7/52046
摘要： The enhancement of ultrasound images is provided through the filtering of signal dependent noise such as speckle noise by dividing the signal into selective subintervals and utilizing discrete wavelet transform and the identification and selection of those wavelet transform coefficients primarily including signal and not those primarily including signal dependent noise.
摘要翻译：超声图像的增强是通过对信号相关噪声（例如斑点噪声）进行滤波来提供的，该信号通过将信号划分为选择性子区间并利用离散小波变换以及主要包括信号的那些小波变换系数的识别和选择，而不是主要包括信号依赖性噪声。

10. 发明授权

US5187754A Forming, with the aid of an overview image, a composite image from a mosaic of images 失效
标题翻译：通过概览图像形成来自马赛克图像的合成图像
公开(公告)号：US5187754A
公开(公告)日：1993-02-16
申请号：US693461
申请日：1991-04-30
申请人： Bena L. Currin , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Richard I. Hartley
发明人： Bena L. Currin , Aiman A. Abdel-Malek , Richard I. Hartley
IPC分类号： G09B9/30 , G06T1/00 , G06T3/00 , G06T3/40 , G06T15/20 , H04N7/26
CPC分类号： G06T3/4007 , G06K9/0063 , G06K9/32 , G06T15/205 , G06T3/4038 , H04N19/23 , G06K2009/2045
摘要： A method for generating a composite terrain map, proceeding from an overview taken at relatively high altitude and photographs taken at relatively low altitudes, generates a composite terrain map that is relatively free of step irradiance variations where the photographs taken at relatively low altitudes are splined. Digitized representations of orthographic projections of the overview and each of the lower-altitude photographs, as regularly sampled in two orthogonal dimensions and referred to a common spatial frame of reference, are generated. The digitized representations of the orthographic projections of each of said photographs taken at relatively low altitudes are hig-pass spatially filtered, to generate digitized high-spatial-frequency responses. The digitized high-spatial-frequency responses are splined to generate a digitized high-spatial-frequency response for the composite terrain map. This digitized high-spatial-frequency response is merged with a digitized low-spatial-frequency response for the composite terrain map obtained by low-pass spatially filtering the digitized representations of the orthographic projection of the overview.
摘要翻译：从在较高高度拍摄的概览和在较低高度拍摄的照片进行的生成复合地形图的方法产生相对没有步进辐照度变化的复合地形图，其中在相对低的高度拍摄的照片是花键的。产生概述和每个低空照片的正交投影的数字化表示，如在两个正交维度上定期采样并被称为公共空间参照系。在相对较低的高度拍摄的每张照片的正投影的数字化表示被高通空间滤波，以产生数字化的高空间频率响应。数字化的高空间频率响应被拼接以产生用于复合地形图的数字化高空间频率响应。该数字化的高空间频率响应与通过对概述的正投影的数字化表示的低通空间滤波获得的复合地形图的数字化低空间频率响应进行合并。

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