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1. 发明授权

US07111683B2 Formation consolidation process 失效
标题翻译：形成整合流程
公开(公告)号：US07111683B2
公开(公告)日：2006-09-26
申请号：US10710032
申请日：2004-06-14
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , Samuel Danican , Golchehreh Salamat
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , Samuel Danican , Golchehreh Salamat
IPC分类号： E21B33/14
CPC分类号： C09K8/5045 , C09K8/572
摘要： A formation consolidation process is described which comprises injecting into an unconsolidated or poorly consolidated subterranean formation penetrated by a wellbore an aqueous pumpable system comprising an insoluble silica source (e.g., colloidal silica, silica fume or fumed silica) and a source of calcium hydroxide (e.g., aqueous solutions of calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide). The aqueous system may contain a nucleation inhibitor. The components of the aqueous system react to produce a calcium silicate hydrate gel (C-S-H gel) having cementitious properties within the pores of the formation. After the C-S-H gel sets and hardens, the consolidated formation has a high compressive strength (e.g., 500 psi (about 3.5 MPa) or more). The technique can be performed as a remedial treatment or in new completions, but it is particularly useful in workover treatments for existing wells.
摘要翻译：描述了一种形成固结方法，其包括将注入井眼渗透的未固结的或不完全固结的地下地层，所述井眼包含不溶性二氧化硅源（例如胶体二氧化硅，硅粉或热解法二氧化硅）和氢氧化钙源（例如，，氯化钙水溶液和氢氧化钠）。含水体系可以含有成核抑制剂。水性体系的组分反应以产生在地层孔隙内具有水泥性质的硅酸钙水合物凝胶（C-S-H凝胶）。在C-S-H凝胶固化和硬化之后，固结地层具有高抗压强度（例如500psi（约3.5MPa）或更高））。该技术可以作为补救治疗或新的完成，但在现有井的修井治疗中尤其有用。

2. 发明授权

US06435277B1 Compositions containing aqueous viscosifying surfactants and methods for applying such compositions in subterranean formations 有权
标题翻译：含有水性增粘表面活性剂的组合物和在地下地层中施用这种组合物的方法
公开(公告)号：US06435277B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-20
申请号：US09256980
申请日：1999-02-23
申请人： Qi Qu , Erik B. Nelson , Dean M. Willberg , Mathew M. Samuel , Jesse C. Lee, Jr. , Frank F. Chang , Roger J. Card , Palathinkara S. Vinod , J. Ernest Brown , Ronnie L. Thomas
发明人： Qi Qu , Erik B. Nelson , Dean M. Willberg , Mathew M. Samuel , Jesse C. Lee, Jr. , Frank F. Chang , Roger J. Card , Palathinkara S. Vinod , J. Ernest Brown , Ronnie L. Thomas
IPC分类号： E21B4326
CPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/74 , C09K2208/30 , E21B43/26 , Y10S507/923 , Y10S507/933
摘要： The improved recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations by hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation is accomplished. Fracturing fluids using a viscosifying surfactant fluid containing viscosifying micelles, for example, wormlike micelles, are useful to improve recovery of hydrocarbons and limit the loss of fracturing fluid into the formation fracture face. The invention further relates to novel fracturing and acidizing methods useful for increasing hydrocarbon production, limiting water production, resisting fracturing fluid loss into the subterranean formation, and reducing the equipment requirements in mixing and pumping fracturing fluid. The action of viscosifying micelles of surfactant in aqueous zones of the subterranean formation diverts fracturing fluid or acid from the aqueous zones to the hydrocarbon-bearing zones and also facilitates the flowback of increased amounts of hydrocarbons once a fractured well is placed back on production. These methods selectively block the pore structure in a water-bearing zone and do not blocking the pore structure of a hydrocarbon zone at the formation face. The step for selectively blocking forms a plug of a viscous fluid containing viscosifying micelles in the pore structure of the water-bearing zone at the formation face.
摘要翻译：通过水力压裂地下地层来改善地下地层烃类的回收。使用含有增粘胶束（例如蠕虫状胶束）的增粘表面活性剂流体的压裂液可用于改善烃的回收并限制压裂流体进入地层断裂面的损失。本发明还涉及用于增加碳氢化合物生产，限制水的产生，抵抗压裂液渗入地层的压裂和酸化方法，以及减少混合和泵送压裂液的设备要求。表面活性剂粘附在地下水层中的胶束的作用将压裂液或酸从含水区转移到含烃区，并且一旦断裂的井放回生产中，也有利于增加量的烃的回流。这些方法选择性地阻挡含水区中的孔结构，并且不阻塞在形成面上的烃区的孔结构。选择性阻塞的步骤在形成面上的含水区的孔结构中形成含有粘胶束的粘性流体塞。

3. 发明授权

US5964295A Methods and compositions for testing subterranean formations 失效
标题翻译：测试地下地层的方法和组成
公开(公告)号：US5964295A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-12
申请号：US727877
申请日：1996-10-09
申请人： J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card , Erik B. Nelson
发明人： J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card , Erik B. Nelson
IPC分类号： C09K8/62 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/74 , E21B43/17 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/74 , C09K2208/30 , Y10S507/922 , Y10S507/923 , Y10S507/933
摘要： The improved recovery of hydrocarbons from subterranean formations by hydraulically fracturing a subterranean formation is accomplished. Fracturing fluids using a viscoelastic surfactant fluid containing wormlike micelles are useful to improve recovery of hydrocarbons and limit the loss of fracturing fluid into the formation fracture face. The invention further relates to novel fracturing methods useful for increasing hydrocarbon production, limiting connate water production, resisting fracturing fluid loss into the subterranean formation, and reducing the equipment requirements in mixing and pumping fracturing fluid. The action of micelles of surfactant in aqueous zones of the subterranean formation facilitates the flowback of increased amounts of hydrocarbons once a fractured well is placed back on production.
摘要翻译：通过水力压裂地下地层来改善地下地层烃类的回收。使用含有蠕虫状胶束的粘弹性表面活性剂流体的压裂液可用于改善烃的回收并限制压裂流体进入地层断裂面的损失。本发明还涉及用于增加碳氢化合物生产，限制合生水产生，抵抗压裂流体损失到地层中的新型压裂方法，以及降低混合和泵送压裂液体的设备要求。表面活性剂在地下水层的表面活性剂的作用有助于一旦断裂的井放回生产中，增加量的烃的回流。

4. 发明授权

US5421418A Apparatus and method for mixing polyacrylamide with brine in an annulus of a wellbore to prevent a cement-like mixture from fouling wellbore tools 失效
标题翻译：将聚丙烯酰胺与盐水混合在井眼环形中的装置和方法，以防止水泥状混合物污染井眼工具
公开(公告)号：US5421418A
公开(公告)日：1995-06-06
申请号：US267998
申请日：1994-06-28
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , Clifford L. Aseltine , James E. Brooks
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , Clifford L. Aseltine , James E. Brooks
IPC分类号： C09K8/12 , C09K8/88 , E21B43/117 , E21B43/119
CPC分类号： C09K8/882 , C09K8/12 , E21B43/117 , E21B43/1195
摘要： Prior to pumping completion brine fluid into a wellbore, an additive comprising two percent (2%) of a 0.25% solution of polyacrylamide is blended into the completion brine fluid thereby producing a treated brine fluid. This blending would be performed in tanks at the wellsite. The treated brine fluid is then pumed into the wellbore. In addition, or in the alternative, a new perforating gun stores the polyacrylamide additive composition. When the perforating gun detonates, the additive is disbursed into the completion brine fluid disposed in the annulus of the wellbore. For example, the new perforating gun may include a plurality of shaped charges coated with a lacquer of the polyacrylamide additive, or it may include one or more containers which contain the polyacrylamide additive. When the brine completion fluid is pumped into the wellbore annulus, a detonation wave conducts in a detonating cord of the perforating gun. The detonation wave passes through each of the containers. As a result, the containers will rupture and the plurality of shaped charges will detonate. Since the containers each ruptured, the polyacrylamide additive composition from the containers will be disbursed into the brine completion fluid in the annulus. In addition, or in the alternative, since the shaped charges of the new perforating gun were coated with a lacquer of the polyacrylamide composition, when the shaped charges detonated, the polyacrylamide composition on the zinc charge debris mixes with the brine fluid in the wellbore annulus. Zinc oxychloride hydrate debris is formed as a reaction product. However, the presence of the polyacrylamide additive in the zinc oxychloride hydrate debris will inhibit the formation of hardened chunks of a cement-like material in the annulus of the wellbore.
摘要翻译：在将完成的盐水流体泵送到井眼之前，将包含2％（2％）0.25％的聚丙烯酰胺溶液的添加剂掺入完成盐水流体中，从而产生经处理的盐水流体。这种混合将在井场的坦克中进行。然后将经处理的盐水流体泵入井眼。另外，或者替代地，新的穿孔枪存储聚丙烯酰胺添加剂组合物。当射孔枪引爆时，添加剂被分配到设置在井筒环形中的完成盐水流体中。例如，新的穿孔枪可以包括涂覆有聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的漆的多个成形电荷，或者它可以包括含有聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的一个或多个容器。当盐水完井液被泵送到井筒环中时，爆震波在射孔枪的引爆线中传导。爆轰波通过每个容器。结果，容器将破裂并且多个成形装料将引爆。由于容器各自破裂，来自容器的聚丙烯酰胺添加剂组合物将被分配到环空中的盐水完成流体中。另外或替代地，由于新的穿孔枪的成形装料涂覆有聚丙烯酰胺组合物的漆，当成形电荷引爆时，锌电荷碎片上的聚丙烯酰胺组合物与井筒环中的盐水流体混合。形成氧化锌水合物碎片作为反应产物。然而，在氯氧化锌水合物碎片中聚丙烯酰胺添加剂的存在将抑制在井眼的环空中形成水泥状材料的硬化块。

5. 发明授权

US4802534A Method and device for manipulating ferrofluids for use in cementing wells 失效
标题翻译：用于操纵用于固井的铁磁流体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4802534A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-07
申请号：US92938
申请日：1987-09-04
申请人： David B. Larson , Erik B. Nelson
发明人： David B. Larson , Erik B. Nelson
IPC分类号： B01F13/08 , C04B14/30 , C04B14/34 , C04B28/02 , C04B40/02 , C09K8/42 , C09K8/46 , E21B33/14 , E21B43/00
CPC分类号： E21B33/13 , B01F13/0809 , C04B14/30 , C04B14/34 , C04B28/02 , C04B40/0209 , C09K8/42 , C09K8/46 , B01F2215/0081
摘要： A novel method and device for manipulating ferrofluids for use in cementing wells are disclosed. The cementitious fluids may comprise: (a) a hydraulic cement, (b) finely divided magnetic particles, (c) a binding agent or a surfactant, and (d) a liquid medium. The binding agent or surfactant is present in the compositions in an amount sufficient to render the compositions stable in a magnetic field. When used in cementing wells, the cementitious ferrofluids are implaced in the annulus separating a casing from the formation in a wellbore by conventional techniques and the slurry is subsequently subjected to an activating alternating magnetic field that causes movement of the flurry. The non-cementitious ferrofluids comprise: (a) finely divided magnetic particles, (b) stabilizing agent, and (c) a liquid medium. The movement of the slurry results in a "scrubbing" action against the surface of the casing and formation surfaces, and a mixing of the slurry which helps displace any residual drilling mud. The net result is better bonding of the cement to the casing and formation.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于操纵用于固井的铁磁流体的新颖方法和装置。水泥质流体可以包括：（a）水硬性水泥，（b）细碎的磁性颗粒，（c）粘合剂或表面活性剂，和（d）液体介质。粘合剂或表面活性剂以足以使组合物在磁场中稳定的量存在于组合物中。当在固井中使用时，水泥质铁磁流体通过常规技术嵌入到在井眼中将壳体与地层分离的环形空间中，并且随后使浆料经受引起湍流运动的活化交变磁场。非水泥质铁磁流体包括：（a）细分磁性颗粒，（b）稳定剂和（c）液体介质。浆料的运动导致针对壳体和地层表面的“擦洗”作用，以及浆液的混合，其有助于移动任何残留的钻井泥浆。最终的结果是水泥与套管和地层的粘结更好。

6. 再颁专利

USRE36466E Sand control without requiring a gravel pack screen 有权
标题翻译：砂控制，无需砾石包装屏幕
公开(公告)号：USRE36466E
公开(公告)日：1999-12-28
申请号：US146204
申请日：1998-09-02
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card
IPC分类号： C09K8/56 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/04 , E21B43/267 , E21B33/138
CPC分类号： C09K8/56 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/04 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method combining resin consolidation and placement of fibrous material in intimate mixture with particulates provides a means of stabilizing a formation respect to sand production while enhancing well productivity without requiring a gravel pack screen.
摘要翻译：将树脂固结和与微粒混合在一起的纤维材料的组合的方法提供了一种在不需要砾石包装筛的同时提高生产效率的同时稳定地层对砂生产的方法。

7. 发明授权

US5658861A Delayed borate crosslinked fracturing fluid having increased temperature range 失效
$Delayed borate crosslinked fracturing fluid having increased temperature range$
标题翻译：延迟的硼酸盐交联压裂液具有升高的温度范围
公开(公告)号：US5658861A
公开(公告)日：1997-08-19
申请号：US439054
申请日：1995-05-11
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , Vernon G. Constien , Kay E. Cawiezel
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , Vernon G. Constien , Kay E. Cawiezel
IPC分类号： C09K8/68 , E21B43/26
CPC分类号： C09K8/685
摘要： The crosslinking of galactomannan gum fracturing fluids by borate ion is delayed for high-temperature applications by encapsulating the boron with a polymer coating. The crosslink-delay time is further adjusted by varying the concentration of an organic polyol. The polyol also acts as a stabilizer for the crosslinked fluid at elevated temperatures. Low pumping friction pressures are achieved by the delay in the crosslinking with the boron available at high temperatures to add high-temperature stability to the fracturing fluid at temperatures ranging up to about 350.degree. F.
摘要翻译：通过用聚合物涂层包覆硼，通过硼酸根离子交联半乳甘露聚糖胶体压裂液被延迟用于高温应用。通过改变有机多元醇的浓度进一步调节交联延迟时间。多元醇还用作交联流体在升高的温度下的稳定剂。通过在高温下可用的硼的交联延迟来实现低泵送摩擦压力，以在高达约350°F的温度下向压裂液添加高温稳定性。

8. 发明授权

US5551516A Hydraulic fracturing process and compositions 失效
$Hydraulic fracturing process and compositions$
标题翻译：水力压裂工艺及组成
公开(公告)号：US5551516A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US389857
申请日：1995-02-17
申请人： William D. Norman , Raymond J. Jasinski , Erik B. Nelson
发明人： William D. Norman , Raymond J. Jasinski , Erik B. Nelson
IPC分类号： C09K8/62 , E21B43/267 , E21B43/269
CPC分类号： C09K8/62 , E21B43/267 , Y10S507/922
摘要： Viscoelastic surfactant based aqueous fluid systems are described that are useful in fracturing subterranean formations penetrated by a wellbore. The preferred thickening agents are quaternary ammonium halide salts derived from certain waxes, fats and oils. The thickening agent is used in conjunction with an inorganic water soluble salt such as ammonium chloride or potassium chloride, and an organic stabilizing additive selected from the group of organic salts such as sodium salicylate. The resulting fluids are stable to a fluid temperature of about 225.degree. F.
摘要翻译：描述了基于粘弹性表面活性剂的水性流体系统，其可用于压裂由井筒渗透的地下地层。优选的增稠剂是衍生自某些蜡，脂肪和油的季铵卤化物盐。增稠剂与诸如氯化铵或氯化钾的无机水溶性盐以及选自水杨酸钠等有机盐的有机稳定添加剂结合使用。所得流体对约225°F的流体温度是稳定的。

9. 发明授权

US5551514A Sand control without requiring a gravel pack screen 失效
公开(公告)号：US5551514A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-03
申请号：US369625
申请日：1995-01-06
申请人： Erik B. Nelson , J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card
发明人： Erik B. Nelson , J. Ernest Brown , Roger J. Card
IPC分类号： C09K8/56 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/04 , E21B43/267 , E21B33/138
CPC分类号： C09K8/5751 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/04 , E21B43/267
摘要： A method combining resin consolidation and placement of fibrous material in intimate mixture with particulates provides a means of stabilizing a formation respect to sand production while enhancing well productivity without requiring a gravel pack screen.

10. 发明授权

US4415367A Pumpable thixotropic cement slurries for use in cementing pipes in a well 失效
标题翻译：可用的触变性水泥浆用于井中的固井管道
公开(公告)号：US4415367A
公开(公告)日：1983-11-15
申请号：US943583
申请日：1978-09-18
申请人： Erik B. Nelson
发明人： Erik B. Nelson
IPC分类号： C04B22/14 , C04B28/04 , C09K8/42 , C09K8/46 , C04B7/35
CPC分类号： C04B22/142 , C04B28/04 , C09K8/42 , C09K8/46 , C04B2111/0012 , C04B2111/00146
摘要： Cement slurries comprising (a) iron (II) sulfate, or hydrate thereof, (b) aluminum sulfate, or a hydrate thereof, (c) a hydraulic cement comprising calcium hydroxide or a hydrolyzable calcium oxide (e.g., a Portland cement), and (d) water, are described. These cement slurries are pumpable and thixotropic and have particular utility in cementing pipe into the borehole of a petroleum well.
摘要翻译：包括（a）硫酸铁（II）或其水合物，（b）硫酸铝或其水合物的水泥浆料，（c）包含氢氧化钙或可水解氧化钙（例如波特兰水泥）的水硬性水泥，以及（d）水。这些水泥浆是可泵送和触变性的，并且在将管道固井到石油井的井眼中具有特别的用途。

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