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1. 发明授权

US3967928A Method for quantitatively analyzing substances containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and volatile organic compounds 失效
标题翻译：用于定量分析除碳，氢和氧以外的成分以及挥发性有机化合物的物质的方法
公开(公告)号：US3967928A
公开(公告)日：1976-07-06
申请号：US454032
申请日：1974-03-22
申请人： Donald D. Schmidt , Gary L. Jewett , Richard G. Melcher , Ritchie A. Wessling
发明人： Donald D. Schmidt , Gary L. Jewett , Richard G. Melcher , Ritchie A. Wessling
IPC分类号： C08F14/00 , C08F6/00 , C08F6/06 , G01N30/00 , G01N31/12 , G01N31/06 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： G01N31/12 , G01N30/00 , Y10T436/196666 , Y10T436/255
摘要： Method for quantitatively analyzing substances containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen and oxygen by (1) adsorbing such substances on a particulate, substantially dust and contaminant free carbonized product prepared by (A) first partially dehydrochlorinating a normally crystalline vinylidene chloride polymer at temperatures below the melting point of such polymer to an extent of at least about 5 percent of theoretical HCl loss, then (B) completing the dehydrochlorination of such material, in the substantial absence of oxygen, by heating the material to carbonizing temperatures of from about 600.degree.C to about 1200.degree.C; then (2) analyzing the substance adsorbed on such carbonized product.
摘要翻译：通过（1）将这些物质吸附在由（A）制备的颗粒状，基本上无灰尘和无污染物的碳化产物上，定量分析含有碳，氢和氧以外的成分的物质的方法，该方法首先部分地将通常结晶的偏二氯乙烯聚合物部分地脱氢，这种聚合物的熔点至少为理论盐酸盐损失的约5％，然后（B）通过将该材料加热至约600℃的碳化温度，完全脱除基本上不存在氧的材料的脱氯化氢至约1200℃; 然后（2）分析吸附在这种碳化产物上的物质。

2. 发明授权

US4819478A Membrane assisted flow injection analysis 失效
标题翻译：膜辅助流动注射分析
公开(公告)号：US4819478A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US164151
申请日：1988-03-04
申请人： Richard G. Melcher
发明人： Richard G. Melcher
IPC分类号： G01N1/40 , G01N30/00 , G01N35/08 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： G01N35/085 , G01N30/00 , G01N2001/4016
摘要： A method for rapid and sensitive membrane assisted Flow Injection Analysis. A sample, containing a component to be analyzed, is injected into a flowing stream of carrier liquid and flowed past one side of a two-sided membrane. A receiving liquid is flowed past the other side of the membrane. The component to be analyzed is absorbed by the membrane from the carrier stream, is desorbed into the receiving stream and is carried to a detector for analysis in less than about 5 minutes. Critically, the partition coefficient of the component to be analyzed between the membrane and the receiving liquid is less than about 1.times.10.sup.1.
摘要翻译：一种快速敏感的膜辅助流动注射分析方法。将含有待分析成分的样品注入流动的载液中并流过双面膜的一侧。接收液体流过膜的另一侧。待分析的组分被载体流吸收，被解吸到接收流中，并在小于约5分钟内被运送到检测器进行分析。重要的是，膜和接收液体之间要分析的组分的分配系数小于约1×101。

3. 发明授权

US5221477A Apparatus and method for reversed permeation membrane extraction of compounds from sample solutions 失效
标题翻译：从样品溶液中反渗透膜提取化合物的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5221477A
公开(公告)日：1993-06-22
申请号：US893874
申请日：1992-06-05
申请人： Richard G. Melcher , Paul J. O'Connor
发明人： Richard G. Melcher , Paul J. O'Connor
IPC分类号： B01J20/281 , B01D11/04 , B01D61/00 , B01D61/08 , B01D63/00 , B01D63/06 , G01N1/34 , G01N30/06 , G01N30/08 , G01N30/14 , G01N30/88 , G01N33/18
CPC分类号： B01D61/00 , B01D11/0415 , G01N1/34 , G01N30/08 , G01N2001/4016 , G01N2030/062 , G01N2030/146 , G01N33/1826
摘要： A reversed permeation membrane assembly and method for collecting one or more compounds of interest from a sample solution. The membrane assembly includes a semi-permeable membrane of predetermined thickness and length, and having inner and outer surfaces. The membrane is attached adjacent its outer surface to a substantially rigid membrane support, and a non-porous barrier contacts the outer surface of the membrane to prevent permeation of compounds beyond the outer surface in use. In a preferred embodiment, the semi-permeable membrane assumes a substantially tubular conformation through which sample solution may be passed. The membrane support also preferably features a tubular conformation within which the semi-permeable membrane is mounted. Because of its unique structure and improved efficiency, the assembly of the present invention may be incorporated for in-line use with liquid and gas chromatography devices and GC/MS units. In some applications, the extractant can even be flowed through the membrane cell to collect analytes and directly to an LC column for analysis in a substantially non-stop manner.
摘要翻译：用于从样品溶液中收集一种或多种感兴趣化合物的反渗透膜组件和方法。膜组件包括具有预定厚度和长度的半透膜，并且具有内表面和外表面。膜邻近其外表面附接到基本上刚性的膜支撑件，并且非多孔屏障接触膜的外表面以防止化合物在使用中超过外表面渗透。在优选的实施方案中，半透膜呈现出可以通过样品溶液的基本上管状的构型。膜支撑体还优选地具有管状构型，半透膜被安装在该构造内。由于其独特的结构和改进的效率，本发明的组装可以并入用于与液相和气相色谱装置和GC / MS装置的在线使用。在一些应用中，萃取剂甚至可以流过膜细胞以收集分析物并直接进入LC柱以便以基本不间断的方式进行分析。

4. 发明授权

US5124042A Method for the determination of the degree of neutralization of phenol 失效
标题翻译：测定苯酚中和度的方法
公开(公告)号：US5124042A
公开(公告)日：1992-06-23
申请号：US739277
申请日：1991-08-01
申请人： Robert A. Bredeweg , Richard G. Melcher
发明人： Robert A. Bredeweg , Richard G. Melcher
IPC分类号： B01D61/24 , G01N31/16 , G01N35/08
CPC分类号： G01N35/085 , G01N31/16 , Y10S210/909 , Y10T436/203332 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A three step flow injection analysis method for determining the degree of neutralization of phenol in solution. The first step is to flow a stream of a carrier liquid, such as water, along one side of a two sided semipermeable membrane, such as a silicone rubber membrane. The second step is to flow a stream of water along the other side of the membrane to a detector, such as a flow through ultraviolet spectrometer, the detector being responsive to the concentration of the phenol in the flowing stream of water. The third step is to add a volume of the solution to the flowing stream of carrier liquid so that the solution is carried to the first side of the membrane where a portion of the phenol permeates across the membrane into the flowing stream of water to be detected by the detector, the degree of neutralization of the phenol in the solution being a function of the response of the detector. The results of the method are substantially unaffected by variations in the concentration of the phenol.
摘要翻译：用于测定溶液中苯酚中和度的三步流动注射分析方法。第一步是沿着双面半透膜（例如硅橡胶膜）的一侧流动诸如水的载液的流。第二步是沿着膜的另一侧流动水流到诸如流过紫外光谱仪的检测器，检测器响应于流动的水流中的苯酚的浓度。第三步是将一定体积的溶液加入到流动的载体液体流中，使得溶液被运送到膜的第一侧，其中一部分酚渗透穿过膜进入被检测的水流中通过检测器，溶液中苯酚的中和度是检测器响应的函数。该方法的结果基本上不受苯酚浓度变化的影响。

5. 发明授权

US4775476A Method for membrane assisted liquid chromatography 失效
标题翻译：膜辅助液相色谱法
公开(公告)号：US4775476A
公开(公告)日：1988-10-04
申请号：US115795
申请日：1987-11-02
申请人： Richard G. Melcher , Hernan J. Cortes
发明人： Richard G. Melcher , Hernan J. Cortes
IPC分类号： G01N30/06 , G01N30/20 , B01D15/08
CPC分类号： G01N30/20 , G01N2030/062
摘要： Apparatus and method for extracting a component from a sample across a membrane into an extractant and then injecting the extracted sample component into a chromatographic eluent and onto a chromatographic column to chromatographically analyze the extracted sample component. In essence, the advance provided by this invention is that the extractant and the eluent are the same and only one pump is used for pumping the eluent and extractant. In prior apparatus and methods in this field, the extractant and the eluent were separate and each had its own pump.
摘要翻译：将组分从样品中穿过膜提取到萃取剂中的装置和方法，然后将提取的样品组分注入色谱洗脱液和色谱柱上以色谱分析提取的样品组分。实质上，本发明提供的前提是萃取剂和洗脱液相同，并且仅使用一个泵来泵送洗脱液和萃取剂。在本领域的现有装置和方法中，萃取剂和洗脱液是分离的，并且每个都具有其自己的泵。

6. 发明授权

US5229300A Membrane method for the determination of an organic acid 失效
标题翻译：用于确定有机酸的膜方法
公开(公告)号：US5229300A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US657229
申请日：1991-02-19
申请人： E. Deniz Yalvac , Richard G. Melcher , Robert A. Bredeweg
发明人： E. Deniz Yalvac , Richard G. Melcher , Robert A. Bredeweg
IPC分类号： G01N31/00 , G01N33/00 , G01N33/18
CPC分类号： G01N33/1826 , G01N33/1893 , Y10T436/200833 , Y10T436/201666 , Y10T436/203332 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A chemical analysis method for the determination of a first organic acid in the presence of a second organic acid both of which are in a solution to be analyzed, the pK.sub.a of the first acid being at least 2 pK.sub.a units larger than the pK.sub.a of the second acid. The method includes three steps. The first step if to form a pH adjusted solution to be analyzed by adjusting the pH of the solution to be analyzed to be between the pK.sub.a of the first acid and the pK.sub.a of the second acid so that the first acid is predominately in its unionized form and so that the second acid is predominately in its ionized form. The second step is to partition the pH adjusted solution to be analyzed from a receiving solution with a semipermeable membrane, the semipermeable membrane being more permeable to the unionized form of the first acid than to the ionized form of the second acid, the first acid being soluble in the receiving solution so that the first acid permeates into the membrane from the pH adjusted solution to be analyzed and then permeates out of the membrane into the receiving solution. The last step is to determine the concentration of the first acid in the receiving solution so that the concentration of the first acid in the solution to be analyzed can be estimated.
摘要翻译：一种用于在第二有机酸存在下测定第一有机酸的化学分析方法，所述第二有机酸都在待分析的溶液中，所述第一酸的pKa比所述第二有机酸的pKa大至少2pKa单位酸。该方法包括三个步骤。第一步，如果通过将待分析溶液的pH调节到第一酸的pKa和第二酸的pKa之间形成待分析的pH调节溶液，使得第一种酸主要以其结合形式并且使得第二酸主要是其电离形式。第二步是将待分析的pH调节溶液从具有半透膜的接收溶液中分离出来，半透膜比第一酸的离子化形式比第一酸更能渗透，第一种酸为溶解在接收溶液中，使得第一种酸从待分析的pH调节溶液中渗透到膜中，然后从膜渗透到接收溶液中。最后一步是确定接收溶液中第一种酸的浓度，以便估算待分析溶液中第一种酸的浓度。

7. 发明授权

US4999105A Apparatus for membrane assisted liquid chromatography 失效
标题翻译：膜辅助液相色谱仪
公开(公告)号：US4999105A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-12
申请号：US229182
申请日：1988-08-05
申请人： Richard G. Melcher , Hernan J. Cortes
发明人： Richard G. Melcher , Hernan J. Cortes
IPC分类号： G01N30/06 , G01N30/20
CPC分类号： G01N30/20 , G01N2030/062
摘要： Apparatus and method for extracting a component from a sample across a membrane into an extractant and then injecting the extracted sample component into a chromatographic eluent and onto a chromatographic column to chromatographically analyze the extracted sample component. In essence, the advance provided by this invention is that the extractant and the eluent are the same and only one pump is used for pumping the eluent and extractant. In prior apparatus and methods in this field, the extractant and the eluent were separate and each had its own pump.
摘要翻译：将组分从样品中穿过膜提取到萃取剂中的装置和方法，然后将提取的样品组分注入色谱洗脱液和色谱柱上以色谱分析提取的样品组分。实质上，本发明提供的前提是萃取剂和洗脱液相同，并且仅使用一个泵来泵送洗脱液和萃取剂。在本领域的现有装置和方法中，萃取剂和洗脱液是分离的，并且每个都具有其自己的泵。

8. 发明授权

US4962042A Method for on-column injection gas chromatography 失效
标题翻译：柱内注射气相色谱法
公开(公告)号：US4962042A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-09
申请号：US448410
申请日：1989-12-08
申请人： Paul L. Morabito , Richard G. Melcher , Joseph F. Hiller , Terrence McCabe
发明人： Paul L. Morabito , Richard G. Melcher , Joseph F. Hiller , Terrence McCabe
IPC分类号： G01N30/06 , G01N30/14 , G01N30/16 , G01N30/20 , G01N30/30 , G01N30/32
CPC分类号： G01N30/14 , G01N2030/062 , G01N2030/165 , G01N2030/3046 , G01N2030/324 , G01N30/20
摘要： In one embodiment the invention is a method for on-column valved injection gas chromatography by on-column injecting more than 5 microliters and less than one milliliter of sample consisting of a solvent and a component of interest into a retention gap/capiliary column system with an injection valve at a first carrier gas flow rate, followed by a substantially higher carrier gas flow rate to blow the solvent of the sample out of the system at a rapidly increased rate and then a return to a lower flow rate to chromatograph the component of interest. In another embodiment, less than 5 microliters of sample consisting of a solvent and a component of interest is on-column injected into a capillary column using an injection valve and a relatively high column inlet pressure of gas to move the sample from the injection valve into the colunm rapidly and with reduced carryover. Then, the pressure of carrier gas is reduced to a normal pressure for chromatography of the component of interest.
摘要翻译：在一个实施方案中，本发明是一种柱上带阀注入气相色谱法的方法，其通过柱上注入超过5微升和小于1毫升由溶剂和感兴趣组分组成的样品的保留间隙/毛细管柱系统中，以第一载气流速的喷射阀，然后以显着更高的载气流速将样品的溶剂以快速增加的速率吹出系统，然后返回到较低的流速以色谱分离利益。在另一个实施方案中，使用注射阀和相对较高的柱入口压力将小于5微升由溶剂和感兴趣组分组成的样品柱内注入毛细管柱，以将样品从注射阀移动到快速，随身携带。然后，将载气的压力降低至感兴趣组分的色谱法的常压。

9. 发明授权

US4913821A Method for the determination of phenols in water 失效
标题翻译：测定水中酚类的方法
公开(公告)号：US4913821A
公开(公告)日：1990-04-03
申请号：US343967
申请日：1989-04-27
申请人： Richard G. Melcher , Earl E. Burt, III
发明人： Richard G. Melcher , Earl E. Burt, III
IPC分类号： G01N30/06 , G01N30/16 , G01N30/40 , G01N30/88 , G01N33/18
CPC分类号： G01N30/88 , G01N2030/062 , G01N2030/405 , G01N30/16 , G01N30/40 , G01N33/1826 , Y10S210/909 , Y10T436/203332 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/255
摘要： A chromatographic method for the determination of individual phenols in water by adding a halogenating agent to the water, e.g., using the bromate-bromide reaction to generate tribromide ions which react with the phenols to form bromo-derivatives of the phenols, then to permeate the bromo-derivatives across a membrane, e.g., a silicone rubber membrane, into a liquid extractant, e.g., a dilute aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and acetonitrile, and then determining the permeated bromo-derivatives in the liquid extractant by chromatography, e.g., by injecting the liquid extractant containing the permeated bromo-derivatives into a reverse phase liquid chromatographic system. The use of a membrane is essential in the present invention because it allows the use of a high enough concentration of halogenating agent to completely halogenate most any sample and provides for the removal of the halo-derivatives from the halogenation reaction site before any substantial degradation of the halo-derivatives occurs from a relatively high concentration of halogenating agent. Total phenols as a group can be determined by modifying the method to use backflow liquid chromatography to eliminate potential interferences and to elute the halo-derivatives in a single chromatographic peak.
摘要翻译：用于通过向水中加入卤化剂来测定水中单个酚的色谱法，例如使用溴溴化物反应产生与苯酚反应形成酚的溴代衍生物的三溴离子，然后渗透到溴代衍生物穿过膜，例如硅橡胶膜，转变成液体萃取剂，例如稀释的氢氧化钠和乙腈水溶液，然后通过色谱法测定液体萃取剂中的渗透的溴衍生物，例如通过注射含有渗透的溴衍生物的液体萃取剂进入反相液相色谱系统。在本发明中使用膜是必需的，因为它允许使用足够高的卤化剂浓度使大多数任何样品完全卤化，并且在任何显着降解之前提供从卤化反应位点除去卤代衍生物卤代衍生物来自较高浓度的卤化剂。可以通过改变使用回流液相色谱以消除潜在干扰并在单个色谱峰中洗脱卤素衍生物的方法来测定总酚。

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