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1. 发明授权

US06914557B2 Micro cell architecture for mobile user tracking communication system 有权
标题翻译：移动用户跟踪通信系统的微小区架构
公开(公告)号：US06914557B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US09947422
申请日：2001-09-05
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan G. Cha , Ming U. Chang , Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan G. Cha , Ming U. Chang , Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung
IPC分类号： H04B7/06 , H04B7/08 , H04B7/185
CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/086
摘要： A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.
摘要翻译：用于跟踪用户的系统和方法。该系统适用于无线通信系统，并在覆盖区域内创建多个波束。第一光束被引导到第一微小区中的用户，并且多个附加光束照亮紧邻第一微小区的微小区。该系统配备有用于检测用户从第一微小区到紧邻的微小区之一的移动的机制。在检测用户的移动时，系统将第一光束从第一微小区重定向到第二微小区，第二微小区是相邻微小区之一。在说明性实施例中，该系统在基于平流层平台的通信系统中实现，其包括适于与平流层平台通信的集线器。收发器和相控阵天线设置在平台上以与集线器和用户通信。在平台上提供第二天线以与集线器通信。波束形成和方向在集线器上实现并传达到平台。通过测量从用户接收的信号的强度，或通过其他合适的方式，用全球定位系统接收机检测用户的位置。在检测到来自第一微小区的用户移动时，波束成形系统重定向波束以跟随用户进入第二微小区。用户微单元周围的附加光束被照亮以便于检测用户的移动。

2. 发明授权

US06756937B1 Stratospheric platforms based mobile communications architecture 有权
标题翻译：基于平流层平台的移动通信架构
公开(公告)号：US06756937B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-29
申请号：US09588395
申请日：2000-06-06
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ming U. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan Cha , Kar W. Yung , Frank A. Hagen
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ming U. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan Cha , Kar W. Yung , Frank A. Hagen
IPC分类号： H04B7185
CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 , H04B7/2041
摘要： A communication system including a first transceiver located on a first platform at a predetermined altitude. A first antenna is located on the first platform and connected to the first transceiver. A second antenna is connected to the other end of the first transceiver. A second transceiver is located on a ground hub physically and independent of the first platform. A third antenna is located on the ground hub and connected to the second transceiver. The third antenna is adapted to communicate with the second antenna. The first platform is maintained in a stratospheric orbit. A beamforming system is connected to the second transceiver and mounted on the ground hub. The beamforming system provides a beamformed signal from the second transceiver to the first transceiver effective to drive the first array antenna to radiate multiple beams to a surface, whereby the multiple beams create time varying and dissimilar footprints thereon. A second antenna is mounted on the first platform to receive the beamformed signal from the ground hub. The beamforming system is adapted to drive the first antenna to generate plural beams on the earth's surface, each beam providing a respective footprint or cell. Each beam tracks a respective user located at a center of each cell. The system allows for narrow beams to be created which, in turn, enables frequency reuse. A code is assigned to each beam and a mechanism is provided for preventing a user from receiving more than one beam with a given code. This mechanism is adapted to anticipate a condition by which a user will move to a location at which the user would receive more than one beam with a given code. The mechanism will quickly assign a second code to at least one beam prior to the arrival of the user at that position.
摘要翻译：一种通信系统，包括位于第一平台上的预定高度的第一收发器。第一天线位于第一平台上并连接到第一收发器。第二天线连接到第一收发器的另一端。第二收发器位于物理上和独立于第一平台的地面集线器上。第三个天线位于地面集线器上并连接到第二个收发器。第三天线适于与第二天线通信。第一个平台保持在平流层轨道上。波束成形系统连接到第二收发器并且安装在地面集线器上。波束形成系统提供来自第二收发器的波束形成的信号到第一收发器，其有效地驱动第一阵列天线以将多个波束辐射到表面，由此多个波束在其上产生时变和不同的足迹。第二天线安装在第一平台上以从地面集线器接收波束形成的信号。波束形成系统适于驱动第一天线以在地球表面上产生多个波束，每个波束提供相应的覆盖区或小区。每个光束跟踪位于每个单元的中心的相应用户。该系统允许创建窄波束，这反过来使得能够进行频率重用。代码被分配给每个波束，并且提供了一种用于防止用户以给定代码接收多于一个波束的机制。该机制适于预测用户将移动到用户将使用给定代码接收多于一个的一个位置的状况。该机制将在用户到达该位置之前在至少一个波束上快速分配第二代码。

3. 发明授权

US06388615B1 Micro cell architecture for mobile user tracking communication system 有权
公开(公告)号：US06388615B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09587758
申请日：2000-06-06
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan Cha , Ming Chang , Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Ying Feria , Weizheng Wang , Alan Cha , Ming Chang , Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung
IPC分类号： H01Q322
CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 , H04B7/0617 , H04B7/086
摘要： A system and method for tracking a user. The system is adapted for use in a wireless communication system and creates a plurality of beams within a coverage area. A first beam is directed at a user in a first microcell and a number of additional beams illuminate microcells immediately adjacent the first microcell. The system is equipped with a mechanism for detecting movement of the user from the first microcell to one of the immediately adjacent microcells. On the detection of movement of the user, the system redirects the first beam from the first microcell to a second microcell, the second microcell being one of the adjacent microcells. In the illustrative embodiment, the system is implemented in a stratospheric platform based communication system including a hub adapted to communicate with a stratospheric platform. A transceiver and a phased array antenna are disposed on the platform to communicate with the hub and with the user. A second antenna is provided on the platform to communicate with the hub. Beamforming and direction are implemented on the hub and communicated to the platform. The user's position is detected with a global positioning system receiver, by measuring the strength of a signal received from the user, or by other suitable means. On detection of user movement from the first microcell, the beamforming system redirects the beam to follow the user into a second microcell. Additional beams around the user's microcell are illuminated to facilitate detection of the users movement.

4. 发明授权

US06757546B1 Synchronization method and apparatus for multi-platform communication system 有权
标题翻译：多平台通信系统的同步方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06757546B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-29
申请号：US09644225
申请日：2000-08-21
申请人： Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung , Ying Feria , Donald C. D. Chang
发明人： Frank A. Hagen , Kar W. Yung , Ying Feria , Donald C. D. Chang
IPC分类号： H04B1500
CPC分类号： H04B7/18504 , H04B7/18506 , H04B7/18532 , H04B7/18534 , H04B7/212
摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding nodes of various types, all in communication with a central processing hub. A local user signal is processed by the central processing hub and radiated through multiple paths to a plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms simultaneously. The signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of the plurality of individual transponding platforms coherently and in phase. The central hub synchronizes both the signals received and transmitted from each user through one or more of the transponding nodes. This synchronization is such that the relative arrival time of the PN encoded data in the user signals is synchronized to within a fraction of a chip in both the forward and return links. The central hub also synchronizes the carrier phase of the user signals to within a fraction of a wavelength in both the forward and return links.
摘要翻译：一种移动无线通信系统，包括多个各种类型的单个转发节点，全部与中央处理集线器通信。本地用户信号由中央处理集线器处理，并通过多个路径同时辐射到多个单独的转发平台。然后，信号被多个多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到移动终端，该移动终端相干地并且相位地从多个多个单独的转发平台接收再发射的信号。中心枢纽同时通过一个或多个转发节点从每个用户接收和发送的信号。这种同步使得PN编码数据在用户信号中的相对到达时间在前向链路和返回链路中同步到芯片的一小部分内。中央集线器还将用户信号的载波相位同步到前向链路和返回链路中的波长的一小部分内。

5. 发明授权

US06785553B2 Position location of multiple transponding platforms and users using two-way ranging as a calibration reference for GPS 有权
标题翻译：使用双向测距作为GPS的校准参考的多个反应平台和用户的位置
公开(公告)号：US06785553B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-31
申请号：US09841110
申请日：2001-04-24
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Ming U. Chang , Frank A. Hagen
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Ming U. Chang , Frank A. Hagen
IPC分类号： H04Q720
CPC分类号： G01S19/40 , G01S5/14 , G01S19/07 , G01S19/15 , H04B7/18504 , H04B7/18532 , H04B7/18534
摘要： A method and system for using two-way ranging navigation to accurately determine the location of a transponder platform above-Earth or a fixed or mobile target on the ground or on water. The two-way ranging navigation measurements are used as calibration references, thereby improving the positioning accuracy of GPS. The system includes GPS and a two-way ranging navigation system for taking position measurements of a target. A correction factor is determined as a function of the measurements and the GPS position is adjusted by the correction factor. The method for calibrating GPS using two-way ranging navigation involves taking a two-way ranging navigation measurement and a GPS measurement of a target, determining a correction factor as a function of the measurements, and correcting the GPS position by taking a second GPS measurement and adjusting it by the correction factor.
摘要翻译：一种使用双向测距导航准确地确定地球上的应答器平台或地面或水上固定或移动目标的位置的方法和系统。双向测距导航测量用作校准参考，从而提高GPS的定位精度。该系统包括GPS和用于对目标进行位置测量的双向测距导航系统。作为测量的函数确定校正因子，并且通过校正因子来调整GPS位置。使用双向测距导航来校准GPS的方法包括进行目标的双向测距导航测量和GPS测量，确定作为测量的函数的校正因子，以及通过进行第二GPS测量来校正GPS位置并通过校正因子进行调整。

6. 发明授权

US07089000B1 Multi-node wireless communication system with multiple transponding platforms 有权
标题翻译：具有多个反应平台的多节点无线通信系统
公开(公告)号：US07089000B1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-08
申请号：US09584012
申请日：2000-05-30
申请人： Ming U. Chang , Kar W. Yung , Frank A. Hagen , Donald C. D. Chang
发明人： Ming U. Chang , Kar W. Yung , Frank A. Hagen , Donald C. D. Chang
IPC分类号： H04Q7/20
CPC分类号： H04B7/18534
摘要： A mobile wireless communications system including a plurality of individual transponding platforms all in communication with a central processing hub. A signal processed by the central processing hub is radiated simultaneously through multiple paths to a plurality of the individual transponding platforms. The signal transmitted to each transponding platform by the hub is appropriately delayed by the hub so as to equalize the differential delay of all such signals from a given receiver location. The radiated signal is then re-radiated by each of the plurality of individual transponding platforms to a mobile satellite terminal that receives the re-radiated signal from the plurality of individual transponding platforms. The signals from the plurality of transponding platforms are all received coherently by the intended user, and incoherently by all other users.
摘要翻译：一种移动无线通信系统，包括与中央处理集线器通信的多个单独的转发平台。由中央处理集线器处理的信号同时通过多个路径被辐射到多个单独的转发平台。由集线器传输到每个转发平台的信号由集线器适当地延迟，以便均衡来自给定接收机位置的所有这些信号的差分延迟。然后，辐射信号被多个单独的转发平台中的每一个重新辐射到从多个单独的转发平台接收再发射信号的移动卫星终端。来自多个转发平台的信号都被预期用户相干接收，并且被所有其他用户不连贯地接收。

7. 发明授权

US06963548B1 Coherent synchronization of code division multiple access signals 失效
标题翻译：码分多址信号的相干同步
公开(公告)号：US06963548B1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-08
申请号：US09550505
申请日：2000-04-17
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Frank A. Hagen , Ming U. Chang , John I. Novak, III
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Frank A. Hagen , Ming U. Chang , John I. Novak, III
IPC分类号： H04B1/7097 , H04B7/185 , H04B7/26 , H04B1/707
CPC分类号： H04B7/18534 , H04B1/7097 , H04B2201/709709
摘要： A novel method and apparatus is described for reducing the number of CDMA codes for a constellation of multiple trasponder platforms serving a number of subscribers in the same service area. A coherent processing technique synchronizes the phase of CDMA signals arriving at a subscriber from multiple trasponder platforms to increase the code capacity and thus the number of possible subscribers for most of the multiple transponder platform systems in current use.
摘要翻译：描述了一种新颖的方法和装置，用于减少为同一服务区域中的多个订户服务的多个应答器平台的星座的CDMA码的数量。相干处理技术使来自多个应答器平台的到达用户的CDMA信号的相位同步，以增加当前使用中的多个应答器平台系统中的大多数应答器平台系统的代码容量和可能的订户数量。

8. 发明授权

US06807397B2 Method for identifying growth limits of handheld services for mobile satellite communications 有权
标题翻译：识别移动卫星通信手持服务增长限制的方法
公开(公告)号：US06807397B2
公开(公告)日：2004-10-19
申请号：US10264197
申请日：2002-10-03
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
IPC分类号： H04B7185
CPC分类号： H04B7/18519 , B64G1/1007 , B64G1/242
摘要： Methods for increasing the efficiency of satellite constellation operations are disclosed. The steps of the present invention comprise calculating the maximum number of communications signals that each satellite in the satellite constellation can generate, determining an operational constraint on each satellite, the operational constraint limiting the number of communications signals that each satellite can radiate substantially simultaneously, determining an operational space for each satellite wherein the operational space is defined using the operational constraint and the calculated number of signals, and using the operational space for each satellite in the constellation to determine the operational point for the constellation.
摘要翻译：公开了提高卫星星座操作效率的方法。本发明的步骤包括计算卫星星座中每个卫星可以产生的通信信号的最大数量，确定每个卫星的操作约束，限制每个卫星可基本上同时辐射的通信信号的数量的操作约束，确定每个卫星的操作空间，其中使用操作约束和所计算的信号数定义操作空间，并且使用星座中的每个卫星的操作空间来确定星座的操作点。

9. 发明授权

US06606307B1 Techniques for utilization of bandwidth space assets 有权
标题翻译：利用带宽空间资产的技术
公开(公告)号：US06606307B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US09432439
申请日：1999-11-02
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
IPC分类号： H04B7185
CPC分类号： H04B7/18521
摘要： Methods for operating a satellite constellation are disclosed that utilize spatial diversity and directional gain antennas at ground terminal locations to provide multiple data rate services on a single frequency channel. One method comprises receiving a signal at a first and second satellite in the satellite constellation from a first communications device. A communications channel at a first frequency from the first satellite is used to communicate with the first communications device. A signal from a second communications device is received only at the second satellite at the first frequency, and the second satellite is used to communicate with the second communications device at the first frequency without substantially interfering with the communications with the first communications device.
摘要翻译：公开了用于操作卫星星座的方法，其利用地面终端位置处的空间分集和方向增益天线在单个频率信道上提供多个数据速率业务。一种方法包括从第一通信设备在卫星星座中的第一和第二卫星处接收信号。来自第一卫星的第一频率的通信信道被用于与第一通信设备进行通信。来自第二通信设备的信号仅在第一频率处在第二卫星处被接收，并且第二卫星被用于以第一频率与第二通信设备通信，而基本上不干扰与第一通信设备的通信。

10. 发明授权

US06501941B1 Method for identifying growth limits of handheld services for mobile satellite communications 有权
标题翻译：识别移动卫星通信手持服务增长限制的方法
公开(公告)号：US06501941B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-31
申请号：US09432440
申请日：1999-11-02
申请人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
发明人： Donald C. D. Chang , Kar W. Yung , David C. Cheng , Urban A. Von Der Embse , John I. Novak, III , Frank A. Taormina , Ming U. Chang
IPC分类号： H04B7185
CPC分类号： H04B7/18519 , B64G1/1007 , B64G1/242
摘要： Methods for increasing the efficiency of satellite constellation operations are disclosed. The steps of the present invention comprise calculating the maximum number of communications signals that each satellite in the satellite constellation can generate, determining an operational constraint on each satellite, the operational constraint limiting the number of communications signals that each satellite can radiate substantially simultaneously, determining an operational space for each satellite wherein the operational space is defined using the operational constraint and the calculated number of signals, and using the operational space for each satellite in the constellation to determine the operational point for the constellation.
摘要翻译：公开了提高卫星星座操作效率的方法。本发明的步骤包括计算卫星星座中每个卫星可以产生的通信信号的最大数量，确定每个卫星的操作约束，限制每个卫星可基本上同时辐射的通信信号的数量的操作约束，确定每个卫星的操作空间，其中使用操作约束和所计算的信号数定义操作空间，并且使用星座中的每个卫星的操作空间来确定星座的操作点。

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