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1. 发明授权

US08527056B2 Encoding of size and brightness of percepts in a visual prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体感知的尺寸和亮度的编码
公开(公告)号：US08527056B2
公开(公告)日：2013-09-03
申请号：US13097534
申请日：2011-04-29
申请人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine
发明人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Ione Fine
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： Methods of electrically stimulating percepts in a patient with a visual prosthesis are discussed. Changes in amplitude of stimulation increase both the perceived brightness and the perceived size of the precept. Changes in frequency of stimulation change the perceived brightness without altering the perceived size of the percept. Hence, a source image may be mapped to a combination of amplitude and frequency that best induces the desired image.
摘要翻译：讨论了在具有视觉假体的患者中电刺激感觉的方法。刺激幅度的变化增加了感觉的亮度和感知的尺寸。刺激频率的变化会改变感知亮度，而不会改变感知的感知尺寸。因此，源图像可以被映射到最佳地诱导期望图像的幅度和频率的组合。

2. 发明申请

US20110270352A1 Encoding of Size and Brightness of Percepts in a Visual Prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体中感觉的尺寸和亮度的编码
公开(公告)号：US20110270352A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-03
申请号：US13097534
申请日：2011-04-29
申请人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Devyani Nanduri , Mark S. Humayun , James D. Weiland , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61F9/08
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543
摘要： Methods of electrically stimulating percepts in a patient with a visual prosthesis are discussed. Changes in amplitude of stimulation increase both the perceived brightness and the perceived size of the precept. Changes in frequency of stimulation change the perceived brightness without altering the perceived size of the percept. Hence, a source image may be mapped to a combination of amplitude and frequency that best induces the desired image.
摘要翻译：讨论了在具有视觉假体的患者中电刺激感觉的方法。刺激幅度的变化增加了感觉的亮度和感知的尺寸。刺激频率的变化会改变感知亮度，而不会改变感知的感知尺寸。因此，源图像可以被映射到最佳地诱导期望图像的幅度和频率的组合。

3. 发明申请

US20120303092A1 Method and Apparatus for Predicting and Controlling the Percepts Induced by a Visual Prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：用于预测和控制由视觉假体引起的感知的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20120303092A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-29
申请号：US13304128
申请日：2011-11-23
申请人： Devyani Nanduri , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Jessy Dorn
发明人： Devyani Nanduri , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Jessy Dorn
IPC分类号： A61F9/08 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： Here we present the first model that quantitatively predicts the apparent spatial position and shape of percepts elicited by retinal electrical stimulation in humans based on the known anatomy of the retina. This model successfully predicts both the shape of percepts elicited by single electrode stimulation and the shape and relative positions of percepts elicited by multiple electrode stimulation. Model fits to behavioral data show that sensitivity to electrical stimulation is not confined to the axon initial segment, but does fall off rapidly with the distance between stimulation and the initial segment. Using the model, it is possible to compensate, preferably with a look up table, to match percepts to a desired image.
摘要翻译：在这里，我们提出了第一个定量预测视网膜电刺激引起的视觉空间位置和形状的模型，基于视网膜的已知解剖结构。该模型成功地预测了由单电极刺激引起的感知形状以及由多电极刺激引起的感知的形状和相对位置。模型符合行为数据表明，对电刺激的敏感性不限于轴突初始段，而是随刺激与初始段之间的距离迅速下降。使用该模型，可以优选地使用查找表来补偿所需图像的感知。

4. 发明授权

US08554327B2 Method and apparatus for predicting and controlling the percepts induced by a visual prosthesis 有权
公开(公告)号：US08554327B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-08
申请号：US13304128
申请日：2011-11-23
申请人： Devyani Nanduri , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Jessy Dorn
发明人： Devyani Nanduri , Ione Fine , Robert J. Greenberg , Jessy Dorn
IPC分类号： A61F9/08 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046
摘要： Here we present the first model that quantitatively predicts the apparent spatial position and shape of percepts elicited by retinal electrical stimulation in humans based on the known anatomy of the retina. This model successfully predicts both the shape of percepts elicited by single electrode stimulation and the shape and relative positions of percepts elicited by multiple electrode stimulation. Model fits to behavioral data show that sensitivity to electrical stimulation is not confined to the axon initial segment, but does fall off rapidly with the distance between stimulation and the initial segment. Using the model, it is possible to compensate, preferably with a look up table, to match percepts to a desired image.

5. 发明申请

US20100057166A1 System and Method for Measuring and Fitting Spatio-Temporal Vision 有权
标题翻译：测量和拟合时空视觉的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20100057166A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-04
申请号：US12548275
申请日：2009-08-26
申请人： Ashish Ahuja , Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Devyani Nanduri
发明人： Ashish Ahuja , Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Devyani Nanduri
IPC分类号： A61F9/08 , A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： This system gives the experimenter great flexibility to present spatio-temporal stimulation patterns to a subject. A video configuration file (VCF) editor allows the experimenter to determine the electrical stimulation parameters for each electrode. A Pattern Stimulation software program allows direct stimulation of chosen patterns of electrodes, scaled by the subject's VCF, through a Graphical User Interface. The subject then responds by drawing the outline of the phosphene he or she perceives on a touchscreen. The Pattern Stimulation program saves all of the trial parameters and the parameters of an ellipse fit to their drawing, as well as a raw data file containing the input to the touchscreen is saved. After the experiment, offline image analysis can be performed to obtain a detailed quantitative description of the subject's percepts. Image descriptors can assigned to the touchscreen data; these image descriptors can be used to make formalized comparisons between various experimental conditions. Various types of image descriptors can be used, including simple ellipse fitting, projections of the 2-D drawings onto one-dimensional axes, calculations of Hu moments, PCA, and ICA.
摘要翻译：该系统给予实验者极大的灵活性，以向受试者呈现时空刺激模式。视频配置文件（VCF）编辑器允许实验者确定每个电极的电刺激参数。图案刺激软件程序允许通过图形用户界面直接刺激由对象的VCF缩放的所选择的电极图案。然后，该主题通过绘制他或她在触摸屏上感知的磷光体的轮廓来进行响应。模式刺激程序将所有试验参数和椭圆参数保存到其图形中，并保存包含触摸屏输入的原始数据文件。实验后，可以进行离线图像分析，以获得对主体感知的详细定量描述。图像描述符可以分配给触摸屏数据; 这些图像描述符可用于在各种实验条件之间进行正式比较。可以使用各种图像描述符，包括简单的椭圆拟合，将二维图纸投影到一维轴上，计算Hu矩，PCA和ICA。

6. 发明授权

US08428739B2 System and method for measuring and fitting spatio-temporal vision 有权
标题翻译：用于测量和拟合时空视觉的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08428739B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-23
申请号：US12548275
申请日：2009-08-26
申请人： Ashish Ahuja , Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Devyani Nanduri
发明人： Ashish Ahuja , Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Robert J. Greenberg , Kelly H. McClure , Matthew J. McMahon , Devyani Nanduri
IPC分类号： A61N1/18
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/37247
摘要： This system gives the experimenter great flexibility to present spatio-temporal stimulation patterns to a subject. A video configuration file (VCF) editor allows the experimenter to determine the electrical stimulation parameters for each electrode. A Pattern Stimulation software program allows direct stimulation of chosen patterns of electrodes, scaled by the subject's VCF, through a Graphical User Interface. The subject then responds by drawing the outline of the phosphene he or she perceives on a touchscreen. The Pattern Stimulation program saves all of the trial parameters and the parameters of an ellipse fit to their drawing, as well as a raw data file containing the input to the touchscreen is saved. After the experiment, offline image analysis can be performed to obtain a detailed quantitative description of the subject's percepts. Image descriptors can assigned to the touchscreen data; these image descriptors can be used to make formalized comparisons between various experimental conditions. Various types of image descriptors can be used, including simple ellipse fitting, projections of the 2-D drawings onto one-dimensional axes, calculations of Hu moments, PCA, and ICA.
摘要翻译：该系统给予实验者极大的灵活性，以向受试者呈现时空刺激模式。视频配置文件（VCF）编辑器允许实验者确定每个电极的电刺激参数。图案刺激软件程序允许通过图形用户界面直接刺激由对象的VCF缩放的所选择的电极图案。然后，该主题通过绘制他或她在触摸屏上感知的磷光体的轮廓来进行响应。模式刺激程序将所有试验参数和椭圆参数保存到其图形中，并保存包含触摸屏输入的原始数据文件。实验后，可以进行离线图像分析，以获得对主体感知的详细定量描述。图像描述符可以分配给触摸屏数据; 这些图像描述符可用于在各种实验条件之间进行正式比较。可以使用各种图像描述符，包括简单的椭圆拟合，将二维图纸投影到一维轴上，计算Hu矩，PCA和ICA。

7. 发明授权

US09072900B2 Spatial mapping for a visual prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体的空间映射
公开(公告)号：US09072900B2
公开(公告)日：2015-07-07
申请号：US13094210
申请日：2011-04-26
申请人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the data points of the acquired data and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译：公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的数据的数据点和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。这样可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的变形。此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。

8. 发明申请

US20110202110A1 Spatial Mapping for a Visual Prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体的空间映射
公开(公告)号：US20110202110A1
公开(公告)日：2011-08-18
申请号：US13094210
申请日：2011-04-26
申请人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61F9/08
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the data points of the acquired data and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译：公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的数据的数据点和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。这样可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的变形。此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。

9. 发明授权

US07957811B2 Spatial mapping for a visual prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体的空间映射
公开(公告)号：US07957811B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-07
申请号：US12114657
申请日：2008-05-02
申请人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the pixels of the acquired image and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译：公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的图像的像素和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。这样可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的变形。此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。

10. 发明申请

US20080281377A1 Spatial Mapping for a Visual Prosthesis 有权
标题翻译：视觉假体的空间映射
公开(公告)号：US20080281377A1
公开(公告)日：2008-11-13
申请号：US12114657
申请日：2008-05-02
申请人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
发明人： Avraham Caspi , Jessy Dorn , Matthew J. McMahon , Robert J. Greenberg
IPC分类号： A61N1/00 , A61F2/14
CPC分类号： A61N1/36046 , A61N1/0543 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37235 , A61N1/37247 , G06K9/4661 , G06T7/0012
摘要： A visual prosthesis and a method of operating a visual prosthesis are disclosed. Neural stimulation through electrodes is controlled by spatial maps, where a grouped or random association is established between the pixels of the acquired image and the electrodes. In this way distortions from the foveal pit and wiring mistakes in the implant can be corrected. Moreover, broken electrodes can be bypassed and a resolution limit can be tested, together with testing the benefit the patient receives from correct spatial mapping.
摘要翻译：公开了视觉假体和操作视觉假体的方法。通过电极的神经刺激由空间图控制，其中在所获取的图像的像素和电极之间建立分组或随机关联。这样可以纠正植入物中的中心凹凹坑和接线错误的变形。此外，可以绕过破碎的电极，并且可以测试分辨率极限，以及测试患者从正确的空间映射获得的益处。

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