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1. 发明授权

US06673560B1 Measurement of hydride using chemiluminescent acridinium compounds and applications thereof 有权
标题翻译：使用化学发光吖啶化合物测量氢化物及其应用
公开(公告)号：US06673560B1
公开(公告)日：2004-01-06
申请号：US09448522
申请日：1999-11-23
申请人： David Sharpe , Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , George Parsons , Say-Jong Law
发明人： David Sharpe , Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , George Parsons , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： G01N33536
CPC分类号： G01N33/582 , C12Q1/008 , G01N33/581 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/815 , Y10T436/204165
摘要： The present invention discloses a method for the measurement of hydride using a chemiluminescent compound. The preferred chemiluminescent molecule is an acridinium compound. The source of hydride for the reduction of acridinium compound may be of chemical or biochemical origin, or the result of enzymatic catalysis. The chemical source of hydride, for example, might be metal hydrides, such as NaBH4. A biochemical source of hydride might be that derived from NADH, or NADPH, while an enzymatic source would be the class of oxidoreductases termed dehydrogenases which convert NADH or NADPH from NAD or NADP. There are numerous potential applications for acridinium compounds as chemiluminescent indicators of hydride. Any applied tests or diagnostic assays, in which hydride is either present at the onset of or generated through the course of a reaction, would benefit from the present invention. Such tests, which could encompass many different formats as discussed below in detail, may involve the quantitation or detection of metal hydrides, or enzyme cofactors such as NADH, NADPH, FMNH2, or FADH2. Of particular importance, are those diagnostic assays which might use dehydrogenases as reagents, indicators, diagnostic markers or as labels. Ethanol, for example, might be detected with acridinium ester chemiluminescence through the reaction of alcohol dehydrogenase on ethanol, said reaction producing NADH. As a label, dehydrogenase might be used in an ELISA for the detection of a specific analyte with acridinium ester providing the signaling response. Nucleic acid assays using dehydrogenase as a label are also envisioned. Assays for the detection of clinically relevant dehydrogenases such as elevated glutamate dehydrogenase as an indicator of hepatocellular damage might also be developed.
摘要翻译：本发明公开了一种使用化学发光化合物测量氢化物的方法。优选的化学发光分子是吖啶鎓化合物。用于还原吖啶鎓化合物的氢化物源可以是化学或生物化学来源或酶催化的结果。氢化物的化学源例如可以是金属氢化物，例如NaBH 4。氢化物的生物化学来源可能是衍生自NADH或NADPH的酶，而酶源则是称为脱氢酶的氧化还原酶类，其从NAD或NADP转化NADH或NADPH。吖啶鎓化合物作为氢化物的化学发光指示剂有许多潜在应用。氢化物在反应过程中出现或产生的任何应用测试或诊断测定将从本发明中受益。可以包括下面详细讨论的许多不同形式的这种测试可以涉及金属氢化物或酶辅因子如NADH，NADPH，FMNH 2或FADH 2的定量或检测。特别重要的是那些可能使用脱氢酶作为试剂，指示剂，诊断标记物或标签的诊断测定法。例如，乙醇可以通过醇脱氢酶对乙醇的反应用吖啶酯化学发光检测，所述反应产生NADH。作为标记，脱氢酶可用于ELISA中，以检测具有吖啶酯的特异性分析物，从而提供信号反应。也可以设想使用脱氢酶作为标记的核酸测定。检测临床相关脱氢酶（如升高的谷氨酸脱氢酶作为肝细胞损伤指标）的检测也可能被开发出来。

2. 发明授权

US07319041B2 Applications of acridinium compounds and derivatives in homogeneous assays 有权
标题翻译：吖啶鎓化合物和衍生物在均相测定中的应用
公开(公告)号：US07319041B2
公开(公告)日：2008-01-15
申请号：US10260504
申请日：2002-09-27
申请人： Anand Natrajan , Todd Sells , Hartmut Schroeder , Guohan Yang , David Sharpe , Qingping Jiang , Hana Lukinsky , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Anand Natrajan , Todd Sells , Hartmut Schroeder , Guohan Yang , David Sharpe , Qingping Jiang , Hana Lukinsky , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： G01N33/533 , G01N33/536 , G01N33/53 , C07D219/00
CPC分类号： C07D219/04 , B82Y15/00 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/542 , G01N33/588 , Y10S435/968 , Y10S436/80
摘要： Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds are used in homogeneous assays to determine the concentration of an analyte in a sample without strong acid or strong base treatment. The chemiluminescent acridinium compounds include acridinium esters with electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus to inhibit pseudo-base formation, or acridinium sulfonamides with or without electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus.
摘要翻译：化学发光吖啶鎓化合物用于均相测定以确定样品中分析物的浓度，而不需要强酸或强碱处理。化学发光的吖啶鎓化合物包括在吖啶鎓核上的C2和/或C7位上具有给电子官能团的吖啶酯以抑制假碱形成，或在C2和/或C7位置具有或不具有给电子官能团的吖啶鎓磺酰胺， ium核。

3. 发明授权

US06355803B1 Near infrared chemiluminescent acridinium compounds and uses thereof 有权
标题翻译：近红外化学发光吖啶化合物及其用途
公开(公告)号：US06355803B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-12
申请号：US09371489
申请日：1999-08-10
申请人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： C07D21904
CPC分类号： G01N33/582 , C07D219/04 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/815 , Y10S436/817 , Y10S530/812 , Y10T436/13
摘要： This application relates to long-wavelength acridinium compounds having electron-donating groups, which may either be: (a) Part of an extended conjugation system attached by appropriate functional groups to the acridinium nucleus, with coplanarity of the attached functional group and the acridone moiety during light emission (geometry requirement), said functional group consisting of at least one aromatic ring and one electron-donating atom or group with an extra pair of electrons which can readily delocalize into the extended &pgr; system to which the heteroatom is directly attached or built into, and establish stable extended resonance with the electron-withdrawing carbonyl moiety of the light emitting acridone. Such electron-donating atom or group that exists in the form of an anion has particularly strong effect to further the bathochromic shift of the emission wavelength; or (b) directly attached at one or more of positions C-2, C-4, C-5, or C-7 of the acridinium nucleus, of electron-donating atoms or groups having extra pair(s) of electrons. The electron-donating entities can be the same or different if more than one electron-donating entity is used. An electron-donating atom or group that exists in the form of an anion has particularly strong effect to further the bathochromic shift of the emission wavelength.
摘要翻译：本申请涉及具有给电子基团的长波长吖啶鎓化合物，其可以是：（a）通过适当的官能团与吖啶核连接的部分扩展共轭体系，具有连接的官能团和吖啶酮部分的共面性在发光（几何要求）期间，所述官能团由至少一个芳族环和一个给电子原子或一个具有额外的电子对的基团组成，其可以容易地定位到直接连接或构建杂原子的延伸的π系统并与发光吖啶酮的吸电子羰基部分建立稳定的扩展共振。以阴离子形式存在的这种给电子原子或基团对于进一步发射波长的红移具有特别强的作用; 或（b）直接连接在吖啶核的C-2，C-4，C-5，或C-7的一个或多个位置上，具有给电子的原子或具有额外的电子对的基团。如果使用多于一个给电子实体，电子给体实体可以相同或不同。以阴离子形式存在的给电子原子或基团对进一步发射波长的红移具有特别强的作用。

4. 发明申请

US20080305557A1 Novel Applications of Acridinium Compounds and Derivatives in Homogeneous Assays 失效
标题翻译：吖啶鎓化合物和衍生物在均相测定中的新应用
公开(公告)号：US20080305557A1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-11
申请号：US11944131
申请日：2007-11-21
申请人： Anand Natrajan , Todd Sells , Hartmut Schroeder , Guohan Yang , David Sharpe , Qingping Jiang , Hana Lukinsky , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Anand Natrajan , Todd Sells , Hartmut Schroeder , Guohan Yang , David Sharpe , Qingping Jiang , Hana Lukinsky , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： G01N33/53
CPC分类号： C07D219/04 , B82Y15/00 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/542 , G01N33/588 , Y10S435/968 , Y10S436/80
摘要： Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds are used in homogeneous assays to determine the concentration of an analyte in a sample without strong acid or strong base treatment. The chemiluminescent acridinium compounds include acridinium esters with electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus to inhibit pseudo-base formation, or acridinium sulfonamides with or without electron donating functional groups at the C2 and/or C7 position on the acridinium nucleus.
摘要翻译：化学发光吖啶鎓化合物用于均相测定以确定样品中分析物的浓度，而不需要强酸或强碱处理。化学发光的吖啶鎓化合物包括在吖啶鎓核上的C2和/或C7位上具有给电子官能团的吖啶酯以抑制假碱形成，或在C2和/或C7位置具有或不具有给电子官能团的吖啶鎓磺酰胺， ium核。

5. 发明授权

US07611909B1 Near infrared chemiluminescent acridinium compounds and uses thereof 有权
标题翻译：近红外化学发光吖啶化合物及其用途
公开(公告)号：US07611909B1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-03
申请号：US11266902
申请日：2005-11-04
申请人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： G01N33/533 , G01N21/76 , G01N33/53
CPC分类号： G01N33/582 , C07D219/04 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/815 , Y10S436/817 , Y10S530/812 , Y10T436/13
摘要： A method for the detection or quantitation of unlabeled target analyte in a biological sample, the method comprising labeling a target analyte for a biological sample suspected of containing unlabeled target analyte with an acridinium compound to form a labeled target analyte and providing the labeled target analyte to the biological sample, or providing the labeled target analyte to the biological sample, wherein the acridinium compound comprises an acridinium nucleus having an electron-donating substituent directly attached to the acridinium nucleus, with the electron-donating substituent attached at the C2 position. Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds useful in the method have emission maxima close to or in the near infrared (NIR) region (>590 nm). These chemiluminescent acridinium compounds when used in conjunction with short wavelength-emitting acridinium esters (with emission maxima below 450 nm) can be highly useful labels for the simultaneous detection of multiple target analytes in a single assay.
摘要翻译：一种用于检测或定量生物样品中未标记的靶分析物的方法，所述方法包括用怀疑含有未标记的靶分析物的生物样品用吖啶鎓化合物标记目标分析物以形成标记的目标分析物，并将标记的目标分析物生物样品或将标记的靶分析物提供给生物样品，其中吖啶鎓化合物包含具有直接连接到吖啶核的给电子取代基的吖啶核，其中给电子取代基连接在C2位置。可用于该方法的化学发光吖啶鎓化合物具有接近或在近红外（NIR）区域（> 590nm）中的发射最大值。当与短波长发射的吖啶酯（发射最大值低于450nm）结合使用时，这些化学发光吖啶鎓化合物可以是在单次测定中同时检测多种靶分析物的非常有用的标记。

6. 发明申请

US20060202179A1 Chemiluminescent Acridinium Compounds and Analogues thereof as Substrates of Hydrolytic Enzymes 有权
标题翻译：化学发光吖啶鎓化合物及其类似物作为水解酶的底物
公开(公告)号：US20060202179A1
公开(公告)日：2006-09-14
申请号：US11422095
申请日：2006-06-05
申请人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C07D491/10 , C07D219/04 , C07F9/64 , C12Q1/42 , C12Q2334/00 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/582
摘要： A chemiluminescent substrate of a hydrolytic enzyme having the following general Formula I is disclosed, as follows: Lumi-M-P Formula I where “Lumi” is a chemiluminescent moiety capable of producing light (a) by itself, (b) with MP attached and (c) with M attached. Examples of Lumi include chemiluminescent acridinium compounds, benzacridinium compounds, quinolinium compounds, isoquinolinium compounds, phenanthridinium compounds, and lucigenin compounds, spiroacridan compounds, luminol compounds and isoluminol compounds. M is a multivalent heteroatom having at least one lone pair of electrons selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, directly attached to the light emitting moiety of Lumi at one end and to P at the other end. P is a group that can be readily removed by hydrolytic enzymes. An enzymatic reaction utilizing the above compound is the following: where HE is a hydrolytic enzyme. Lumi-M is a chemiluminescent product having physical and/or chemical properties different from those of Lumi-M-P.
摘要翻译：公开了具有以下通式I的水解酶的化学发光底物，如下所示：<？in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”？> Lumi-MP Formula I < line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”？>其中“Lumi”是能够自身产生光的化学发光部分（a），（b）MP附着和（c）附着M的化学发光部分。 Lumi的实例包括化学发光吖啶鎓化合物，苯并吖啶鎓化合物，喹啉鎓化合物，异喹啉鎓化合物，菲啶鎓化合物和光合精化合物，螺吡啶化合物，鲁米诺化合物和异鲁米诺化合物。 M是具有至少一个选自氧，氮和硫的孤对电子的多价杂原子，其一端直接连接到Lumi的发光部分，另一端直接附着于P。 P是可以通过水解酶容易地除去的基团。使用上述化合物的酶反应如下：其中HE是水解酶。 Lumi-M是具有与Lumi-M-P不同的物理和/或化学性质的化学发光产物。

7. 发明授权

US07083986B2 Near infrared chemiluminescent acridinium compounds and uses thereof 有权
标题翻译：近红外化学发光吖啶化合物及其用途
公开(公告)号：US07083986B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-01
申请号：US10006421
申请日：2001-12-06
申请人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Anand Natrajan , Qingping Jiang , David Sharpe , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： G01N33/533 , G01N33/78 , G01N33/554 , G01N33/569 , C12Q1/68
CPC分类号： G01N33/582 , C07D219/04 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/815 , Y10S436/817 , Y10S530/812 , Y10T436/13
摘要： A method for the detection or quantitation of an analyte in a biological sample is disclosed. The method comprises the steps of selecting a biological sample suspected of containing a target analyte and binding the target analyte in the sample to a binding partner conjugated to an acridinium compound, wherein the acridinium compound comprises an acridinium nucleus having an electron-donating substituent directly attached to the acridinium nucleus at the C2 position. Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds useful in the method have emission maxima close to or in the near infrared (NIR) region (>590 nm). These chemiluminescent acridinium compounds when used in conjunction with short wavelength-emitting acridinium esters (with emission maxima below 450 nm) can be highly useful labels for the simultaneous detection of multiple target analytes in a single assay.
摘要翻译：公开了用于检测或定量生物样品中的分析物的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：选择怀疑含有目标分析物并将样品中的目标分析物结合到与吖啶鎓化合物结合的结合对象的生物样品，其中所述吖啶鎓化合物包含具有直接连接的给电子取代基的吖啶核到C> 2位上的吖啶核。可用于该方法的化学发光吖啶鎓化合物具有接近或在近红外（NIR）区域（> 590nm）中的发射最大值。当与短波长发射的吖啶酯（发射最大值低于450nm）结合使用时，这些化学发光吖啶鎓化合物可以是在单次测定中同时检测多种靶分析物的非常有用的标记。

8. 发明授权

US07459284B2 Chemiluminescent acridinium compounds and analogues thereof as substrates of hydrolytic enzymes 有权
标题翻译：化学发光吖啶鎓化合物及其类似物作为水解酶的底物
公开(公告)号：US07459284B2
公开(公告)日：2008-12-02
申请号：US11422095
申请日：2006-06-05
申请人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： C12Q1/34 , C07D219/02
CPC分类号： C07D491/10 , C07D219/04 , C07F9/64 , C12Q1/42 , C12Q2334/00 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/582
摘要： A chemiluminescent substrate of a hydrolytic enzyme having the following general Formula I is disclosed, as follows: Lumi-M-P Formula I where “Lumi” is a chemiluminescent moiety capable of producing light (a) by itself, (b) with MP attached and (c) with M attached. Examples of Lumi include chemiluminescent acridinium compounds, benzacridinium compounds, quinolinium compounds, isoquinolinium compounds, phenanthridinium compounds, and lucigenin compounds, spiroacridan compounds, luminol compounds and isoluminol compounds. M is a multivalent heteroatom having at least one lone pair of electrons selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, directly attached to the light emitting moiety of Lumi at one end and to P at the other end. P is a group that can be readily removed by hydrolytic enzymes. An enzymatic reaction utilizing the above compound is the following: where HE is a hydrolytic enzyme. Lumi-M is a chemiluminescent product having physical and/or chemical properties different from those of Lumi-M-P.
摘要翻译：公开了具有以下通式I的水解酶的化学发光底物，如下所示：<？in-line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“lead”？> Lumi-MP Formula I < line-formula description =“In-line Formulas”end =“tail”？>其中“Lumi”是能够自身产生光的化学发光部分（a），（b）MP附着和（c）附着M的化学发光部分。 Lumi的实例包括化学发光吖啶鎓化合物，苯并吖啶鎓化合物，喹啉鎓化合物，异喹啉鎓化合物，菲啶鎓化合物和光合精化合物，螺吡啶化合物，鲁米诺化合物和异鲁米诺化合物。 M是具有至少一个选自氧，氮和硫的孤对电子的多价杂原子，其一端直接连接到Lumi的发光部分，另一端直接附着于P。 P是可以通过水解酶容易地除去的基团。使用上述化合物的酶反应如下：其中HE是水解酶。 Lumi-M是具有与Lumi-M-P不同的物理和/或化学性质的化学发光产物。

9. 发明申请

US20050032147A1 Chemiluminescent acridinum compounds and analogues thereof as substrates of hydrolytic enzymes 有权
标题翻译：化学发光的吖啶化合物及其类似物作为水解酶的底物
公开(公告)号：US20050032147A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-10
申请号：US10928300
申请日：2004-08-27
申请人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Qingping Jiang , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Wen-Jee Wong , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： C07D219/04 , C07D491/10 , C07F9/64 , C12Q1/42 , C12Q1/34 , C07H17/02
CPC分类号： C07D491/10 , C07D219/04 , C07F9/64 , C12Q1/42 , C12Q2334/00 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/582
摘要： A chemiluminescent substrate of a hydrolytic enzyme having the following general Formula I is disclosed, as follows: Lumi-M-P Formula I where “Lumi” is a chemiluminescent moiety capable of producing light (a) by itself, (b) with MP attached and (c) with M attached. Examples of Lumi include chemiluminescent acridinium compounds, benzacridinium compounds, quinolinium compounds, isoquinolinium compounds, phenanthridinium compounds, and lucigenin compounds, spiroacridan compounds, luminol compounds and isoluminol compounds. M is a multivalent heteroatom having at least one lone pair of electrons selected from oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur, directly attached to the light emitting moiety of Lumi at one end and to P at the other end. P is a group that can be readily removed by hydrolytic enzymes. An enzymatic reaction utilizing the above compound is the following: where HE is a hydrolytic enzyme. Lumi-M is a chemiluminescent product having physical and/or chemical properties different from those of Lumi-M-P.
摘要翻译：具有以下通式I的水解酶的化学发光底物公开如下：Lumi-MP式I其中“Lumi”是能够自身产生光的化学发光部分（a），（b）MP附着和（ c）与M连接。 Lumi的实例包括化学发光吖啶鎓化合物，苯并吖啶鎓化合物，喹啉鎓化合物，异喹啉鎓化合物，菲啶鎓化合物和光合精化合物，螺吡啶化合物，鲁米诺化合物和异鲁米诺化合物。 M是具有至少一个选自氧，氮和硫的孤对电子的多价杂原子，其一端直接连接到Lumi的发光部分，另一端直接附着于P。 P是可以通过水解酶容易地除去的基团。使用上述化合物的酶反应如下：其中HE是水解酶。 Lumi-M是具有与Lumi-M-P不同的物理和/或化学性质的化学发光产物。

10. 发明授权

US6165800A Chemiluminescent energy transfer conjugates and their uses as labels in binding assays 失效
标题翻译：化学发光能量转移共轭物及其用作结合测定中的标记物
公开(公告)号：US6165800A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US86003
申请日：1998-05-27
申请人： Qingping Jiang , Jun Xi , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Marcus Baumann , Rolf Hilfiker , Erika Schmidt , Paul Senn , Fritz Thommen , Adrian Waldner , Alex Alder , Say-Jong Law
发明人： Qingping Jiang , Jun Xi , Anand Natrajan , David Sharpe , Marcus Baumann , Rolf Hilfiker , Erika Schmidt , Paul Senn , Fritz Thommen , Adrian Waldner , Alex Alder , Say-Jong Law
IPC分类号： C09B11/04 , C09B15/00 , C09K11/07 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/542 , G01N33/58 , C07D227/00 , G01N33/553
CPC分类号： C09B15/00 , C09B11/04 , G01N33/533 , G01N33/542 , G01N33/582 , Y10S436/80 , Y10S436/816 , Y10S436/817
摘要： A new class of chemiluminescent acridinium or benzacridinium compounds is disclosed by virtue of forming an intramolecular energy transfer conjugate (ETC) between the acridinium or benzacridinium compound and a luminophore. A method of extending the emission wavelengths of acridinium or benzacridinium esters in order to further reduce or eliminate the emission spectral overlap between the parent polysubstituted aryl Acridinium Esters (DMAE) and Benzacridinium Esters (LEAE) is disclosed. The ETC's retain the unique desired properties of acridinium or benzacridinium compounds including complete light emission in very short period of time, monophasic emission spectrum, simplicity of triggering mechanism, ability of labeling the biological molecules of interest to form a tracer, and good stability. Additionally, the range of the emission spectrum of an acridinium or benzacridinium compound can now be shifted at will and at longer leap through the choice of a luminophore as the integral part of an ETC molecule. Disclosed are chemiluminescent labeled conjugates comprising an acridinium or benzacridinium moiety covalently attached to a luminophore via a spacer, said moiety further conjugated to a biological molecule of interest, wherein said spacer is of an appropriate length to allow the excited species generated from said moiety to transfer energy efficiently to said luminophore, resulting in the emission of light in the spectral region of said luminophore. Also disclosed are binding assays using said conjugates, test kits comprising said conjugates and methods of preparing the conjugates.
摘要翻译：通过在吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶鎓化合物和发光体之间形成分子内能量转移缀合物（ETC），公开了一类新的化学发光吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶鎓化合物。公开了延长吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶酯的发射波长以进一步减少或消除母体多取代芳基吖啶酯（DMAE）和苯并吖啶酯（LEAE）之间的发射光谱重叠的方法。 ETC保留吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶鎓化合物独特的所需性质，包括在很短的时间内完全发光，单相发射光谱，触发机制简单，标记生物分子的能力，形成示踪剂，以及良好的稳定性。此外，吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶鎓化合物的发射光谱的范围现在可以随意移动，并且通过选择发光体作为ETC分子的组成部分而更长的跨越。公开了化学发光标记的缀合物，其包含通过间隔基共价连接到发光体的吖啶鎓或苯并吖啶鎓部分，所述部分还与感兴趣的生物分子缀合，其中所述间隔物具有适当长度以允许从所述部分产生的激发物质转移能量有效地发送到所述发光体，导致发光在所述发光体的光谱区域。还公开了使用所述缀合物的结合测定法，包含所述缀合物的测试试剂盒和制备缀合物的方法。

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