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1. 发明授权

US06484274B1 Method for identifying and correcting error in a central processing unit 有权
标题翻译：用于识别和纠正中央处理单元中的错误的方法
公开(公告)号：US06484274B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-19
申请号：US09430522
申请日：1999-10-29
申请人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
发明人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
IPC分类号： H02H305
CPC分类号： G06F11/366 , G06F11/3652
摘要： A central processing unit (CPU) repeatedly interrupts execution of software to save the CPU state, i.e. contents of various storage elements internal to the CPU, until an error occurs during the execution. On occurrence of the error, the CPU once again saves state and only then passes control to a handler in the software for handling the error. The state saving steps can be implemented in a computer process by use of a timer interrupt or by use of system management, or ICE breakpoint instructions that are included in the x86 instruction set. Errors can be debugged off-line in a development system, for example, by use of an in-circuit emulator to load the saved CPU states sequentially into the development system, thereby to recreate the error condition. Errors can also be debugged proactively, even before the error occurs, by use of a number of known-to-be-erroneous instructions and corresponding fix instructions. For proactive debugging, the CPU compares instructions to be executed with each of the known-to-be-erroneous instructions, and on finding a match, injects the corresponding fix instructions into the to-be-executed instructions. Therefore, known errors e.g. the PENTIUM arithmetic bug are avoided, e.g. by replacing one arithmetic instruction with another arithmetic instruction. Moreover, if an error has not yet been debugged, a temporary fix instruction can be used to gracefully terminate an application.
摘要翻译：中央处理单元（CPU）重复地中断软件的执行以节省CPU状态，即CPU内部的各种存储元件的内容，直到在执行期间发生错误。在发生错误时，CPU再次保存状态，然后仅将控件传递到软件中的处理程序以处理错误。状态保存步骤可以通过使用定时器中断或通过使用系统管理或包含在x86指令集中的ICE断点指令在计算机进程中实现。可以在开发系统中离线调试错误，例如，通过使用在线仿真器将已保存的CPU状态顺序加载到开发系统中，从而重新创建错误状况。也可以通过使用一些已知的被错误的指令和相应的修复指令来主动地调试错误，甚至在错误发生之前。为了主动调试，CPU将要执行的指令与每个已知的要错误的指令进行比较，并且在找到匹配时，将相应的修补指令注入到要执行的指令中。因此，已知的错误例如避免了PENTIUM算术错误，例如通过用另一个算术指令替换一个算术指令。此外，如果还没有调试错误，则可以使用临时修复指令来正常终止应用程序。

2. 发明授权

US5937203A Port for fine tuning a central processing unit 失效
标题翻译：端口用于微调中央处理单元
公开(公告)号：US5937203A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US710337
申请日：1996-09-16
申请人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
发明人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
IPC分类号： G06F9/318 , G06F9/38 , G06F11/34 , G06F12/08 , G06F15/78 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/3867 , G06F12/0802 , G06F15/7867 , G06F9/30036 , G06F9/3836 , G06F9/3848 , G06F9/3855 , G06F9/3857 , G06F9/3873 , G06F9/3897 , G06F11/3447 , G06F2212/601
摘要： A central processing unit (hereinafter "CPU") has a number of functional units and a tuning port for modifying one or more parameters of the functional units (hereinafter "tunable units"). The combination (also called a "tuning assembly") formed by a tuning port and the tunable units allows a CPU to be fine tuned, i.e. take on different configuration profiles (as defined by the tunable units' parameters) for efficiently executing different application programs. Therefore, a CPU that includes a tuning assembly as described herein can take on a first configuration profile capable of most efficiently executing a first application program such as a computer game, and can take on a second configuration profile capable of most efficiently executing a second application program such as a spreadsheet and so on. The CPU's configuration profile can be changed even during the execution of an application program by changing the tunable units' parameters. Such fine tuning allows the CPU to execute different portions of an application program more efficiently than possible in the prior art.
摘要翻译：中央处理单元（以下称为“CPU”）具有多个功能单元和用于修改功能单元（以下称为“可调单元”）的一个或多个参数的调谐端口。由调谐端口和可调单元形成的组合（也称为“调谐组件”）允许CPU被微调，即采用不同的配置配置文件（由可调谐单元的参数定义），以有效执行不同的应用程序。因此，包括如本文所述的调谐组件的CPU可以承载能够最有效地执行诸如计算机游戏的第一应用程序的第一配置简档，并且可以承载能够最有效地执行第二应用的第二配置简档程式如电子表格等等。即使在应用程序执行期间，CPU的配置配置文件也可以通过更改可调谐单元的参数来更改。这样的微调允许CPU比现有技术更有效地执行应用程序的不同部分。

3. 发明授权

US06202174B1 Method for identifying and correcting errors in a central processing unit 失效
标题翻译：用于识别和校正中央处理单元中的错误的方法
公开(公告)号：US06202174B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US08710336
申请日：1996-09-16
申请人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
发明人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
IPC分类号： G06F1100
CPC分类号： G06F11/366 , G06F11/3652
摘要： A central processing unit (CPU) repeatedly interrupts execution of software to save the CPU state, i.e. contents of various storage elements internal to the CPU, until an error occurs during the execution. On occurrence of the error, the CPU once again saves state and only then passes control to a handler in the software for handling the error. The state saving steps can be implemented in a computer process by use of a timer interrupt or by use of system management, or ICE breakpoint instructions that are included in the x86 instruction set. Errors can be debugged off-line in a development system, for example, by use of an in-circuit emulator to load the saved CPU states sequentially into the development system, thereby to recreate the error condition. Errors can also be debugged proactively, even before the error occurs, by use of a number of known-to-be-erroneous instructions and corresponding fix instructions. For proactive debugging, the CPU compares instructions to be executed with each of the known-to-be-erroneous instructions, and on finding a match, injects the corresponding fix instructions into the to-be-executed instructions. Therefore, known errors e.g. the PENTIUM arithmetic bug are avoided, e.g. by replacing one arithmetic instruction with another arithmetic instruction. Moreover, if an error has not yet been debugged, a temporary fix instruction can be used to gracefully terminate an application.
摘要翻译：中央处理单元（CPU）重复地中断软件的执行以节省CPU状态，即CPU内部的各种存储元件的内容，直到在执行期间发生错误。在发生错误时，CPU再次保存状态，然后仅将控件传递到软件中的处理程序以处理错误。状态保存步骤可以通过使用定时器中断或通过使用系统管理或包含在x86指令集中的ICE断点指令在计算机进程中实现。可以在开发系统中离线调试错误，例如，通过使用在线仿真器将已保存的CPU状态顺序加载到开发系统中，从而重新创建错误状况。也可以通过使用一些已知的被错误的指令和相应的修复指令来主动地调试错误，甚至在错误发生之前。为了主动调试，CPU将要执行的指令与每个已知的要错误的指令进行比较，并且在找到匹配时，将相应的修补指令注入到要执行的指令中。因此，已知的错误例如避免了PENTIUM算术错误，例如通过用另一个算术指令替换一个算术指令。此外，如果还没有调试错误，则可以使用临时修复指令来正常终止应用程序。

4. 发明授权

US5860024A Microprocessor with automatic name generation including performance indication 失效
标题翻译：具有自动名称生成的微处理器，包括性能指示
公开(公告)号：US5860024A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-12
申请号：US631941
申请日：1996-04-15
申请人： David G. Kyle , Sherman Lee
发明人： David G. Kyle , Sherman Lee
IPC分类号： G06F11/00 , G06F11/24 , G06F11/27 , G01K23/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/24 , G06F11/006
摘要： A microprocessor with automatic and dynamic partname determination including performance number. The microprocessor includes circuitry that measures a core clock frequency for the microprocessor and circuitry that determines a performance indication for the microprocessor in response to the measured core clock frequency.
摘要翻译：具有自动和动态部分名称确定的微处理器，包括性能数字。微处理器包括测量微处理器和电路的核心时钟频率的电路，该电路根据所测量的核心时钟频率确定微处理器的性能指示。

5. 发明授权

US5812425A Method for changing operation of circuitry in a CPU based on a statistic of performance of the CPU 失效
标题翻译：基于CPU的性能统计来改变CPU中电路的运行的方法
公开(公告)号：US5812425A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US710294
申请日：1996-09-16
申请人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
发明人： Sherman Lee , David G. Kyle
IPC分类号： G06F9/38 , G06F11/34 , G06F12/08 , G06F15/78 , G06F11/26 , G06F11/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/3885 , G06F11/3452 , G06F15/7867 , G06F9/30036 , G06F9/3897 , G06F12/0802 , G06F2201/86 , G06F2201/885 , G06F2212/601
摘要： A computer process transforms a "general purpose" central processing unit (hereinafter "CPU") into one of a number of possible "special purpose" CPUs by changing operation of circuitry in the CPU. Changing operation of CPU circuitry as described herein "fine tunes" behavior of the CPU, e.g. provides resources and environment most suitable for execution of a specific application program, or even a portion of an application program. The computer process performs the steps of: checking whether the CPU has a tunable unit, waiting for a triggering event indicating a need for fine tuning, reading one or more statistics on the performance of the CPU, comparing the read statistics with corresponding predetermined statistics, determining a multi-valued parameter signal depending on the comparison, driving the determined parameter signal to the tunable unit and changing operation of circuitry in the tunable unit depending on the received parameter signal, thereby to fine tune operation of the tunable unit and the CPU.
摘要翻译：计算机处理通过改变CPU中的电路的操作将“通用”中央处理单元（以下称为“CPU”）转换成多个可能的“专用”CPU之一。如本文所述改变CPU电路的操作“CPU的微调”行为，例如，提供最适合于执行特定应用程序或甚至应用程序的一部分的资源和环境。计算机处理执行以下步骤：检查CPU是否具有可调谐单元，等待指示需要微调的触发事件，读取关于CPU的性能的一个或多个统计信息，将读取的统计与相应的预定统计比较，根据比较确定多值参数信号，将确定的参数信号驱动到可调单元，并根据接收到的参数信号改变可调单元中的电路的运行，从而微调可调单元和CPU的操作。

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