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1. 发明授权

US08658013B2 Sensor and sensing method 有权
标题翻译：传感器和传感方法
公开(公告)号：US08658013B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-25
申请号：US11292179
申请日：2005-12-01
申请人： Da Yu Wang , Walter Thomas Symons , Robert Jerome Farhat , John E. Kirwan , Joachim Kupe , Kenneth D. Mowery
发明人： Da Yu Wang , Walter Thomas Symons , Robert Jerome Farhat , John E. Kirwan , Joachim Kupe , Kenneth D. Mowery
IPC分类号： G01N27/409 , G01N27/41
CPC分类号： G01N27/419 , H01M8/04089 , H01M8/0618
摘要： A sensor includes an oxygen pump cell; an oxygen pump chamber; an emf cell; a reference chamber providing a fluid connection to the reference gas; gas channels in fluid communication with the pump and emf electrodes, the reference gas comprising reformate produced by a fuel reformer fueled by an air-fuel gas mixture having an air-fuel ratio; a reformer electronic control module; a sensor electronic control module; a heater; a temperature sensor disposed in communication with the heater and the sensor control module for maintaining the sensor at a desired operating temperature; a closed loop controlled operation amplifier in electrical communication with the sensor, whereby the oxygen pump cell provides sufficient oxygen ions to oxidize an incoming diffusion-limiting fuel flux to the emf cell and maintain a constant emf at the emf cell, and wherein a current value represents an equivalent to the air-fuel ratio of the air-fuel gas mixture.
摘要翻译：传感器包括氧气泵电池; 氧气泵室; 电磁场; 提供与参考气体的流体连接的参考室; 与泵和emf电极流体连通的气体通道，所述参考气体包括由具有空燃比的空气 - 燃料气体混合物燃料的燃料重整器产生的重整产物; 重整器电子控制模块; 传感器电子控制模块; 加热器与所述加热器和所述传感器控制模块连通的温度传感器，用于将所述传感器保持在期望的工作温度; 与所述传感器电连通的闭环控制运算放大器，由此所述氧泵单元提供足够的氧离子以将进入的扩散限制性燃料通量氧化到所述电磁室并且在所述电磁场处保持恒定的电动势，并且其中电流值表示空气 - 燃料气体混合物的空燃比。

2. 发明授权

US08037674B2 System and method of NOx abatement 失效
标题翻译：氮氧化物减排的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08037674B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-18
申请号：US10541654
申请日：2004-02-11
申请人： Joachim Kupe , James Zizelman , Jean J. Botti , Haskell Simpkins , Mark D. Hemingway , William J. LaBarge , Thomas W. Silvis , John E. Kirwan , Joseph V. Bonadies , Kenneth Price
发明人： Joachim Kupe , James Zizelman , Jean J. Botti , Haskell Simpkins , Mark D. Hemingway , William J. LaBarge , Thomas W. Silvis , John E. Kirwan , Joseph V. Bonadies , Kenneth Price
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F01N3/2066 , B01D53/9431 , B01D2255/206 , F01N3/0231 , F01N3/035 , F01N3/0814 , F01N3/0821 , F01N3/0828 , F01N3/0842 , F01N3/0878 , F01N3/206 , F01N13/009 , F01N13/0093 , F01N13/011 , F01N2240/02 , F01N2240/25 , F01N2240/28 , F01N2240/30 , F01N2410/04 , F01N2570/18 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/04 , Y02A50/2325 , Y02T10/24
摘要： A NOX abatement system includes a first NOX adsorber capable of being disposed in-line and downstream of and in fluid communication with an engine. The NOX abatement system further includes a selective catalytic reduction catalyst disposed in-line and downstream of, and in direct fluid communication with, the first NOX adsorber. The selective catalytic reduction catalyst is capable of storing ammonia. An off-line reformer is disposed in selective communication with and upstream of the first NOX adsorber and the selective catalytic reduction catalyst. The reformer is capable of producing a reformate that includes primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide.
摘要翻译： NOX消除系统包括能够与发动机在线并且与发动机下游并与其流体连通的第一NOX吸附器。 NOX减排系统还包括与第一NOX吸附器在一起并与之直接流体连通的选择性催化还原催化剂。选择性催化还原催化剂能够储存氨。离线重整器与第一NO x吸附器和选择性催化还原催化剂选择性地连通和上游排列。改性剂能够生产主要包含氢和一氧化碳的重整产物。

3. 发明授权

US07691160B2 Fuel reformer and methods for using the same 失效
标题翻译：燃料改性剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US07691160B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-06
申请号：US11282232
申请日：2005-11-17
申请人： John E. Kirwan , Francois Ravenda
发明人： John E. Kirwan , Francois Ravenda
IPC分类号： B01J7/00 , B01J10/00 , B01J8/02 , B01J35/02 , H01M8/06 , C01B3/36 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/54
CPC分类号： C01B3/386 , B01J8/0438 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J35/0006 , B01J2208/00495 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00646 , B01J2208/00716 , B01J2208/00849 , B01J2219/182 , B01J2219/1923 , B01J2219/1943 , B01J2219/1946 , B01J2219/1947 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/1614 , C01B2203/169 , C01B2203/82 , Y02P20/52
摘要： In one embodiment, a fuel reformer can comprise: a mixing zone capable of mixing a fuel and an oxidant to form a fuel mixture and a reforming zone disposed downstream of the mixing zone. The reforming zone comprises a primary substrate and a secondary substrate. The primary substrate is disposed upstream of the secondary substrate and has a primary thermal mass that is greater than a secondary thermal mass of the secondary substrate. One embodiment of a method for operating a fuel reformer can comprise: mixing an oxidant and a fuel to form a fuel mixture, combusting the fuel mixture, heating the secondary substrate above its light-off temperature, changing an air to fuel ratio of the fuel mixture to a reforming mixture, producing an exotherm and a reformate at the secondary substrate, heating a primary substrate with the exotherm to above its light-off temperature, and producing a reformate.
摘要翻译：在一个实施方案中，燃料重整器可以包括：能够混合燃料和氧化剂以形成燃料混合物的混合区域和设置在混合区域下游的重整区域。重整区包括初级衬底和次级衬底。主衬底设置在次级衬底的上游，并且具有大于次级衬底的次级热质量的初级热质量。用于操作燃料重整器的方法的一个实施例可以包括：将氧化剂和燃料混合以形成燃料混合物，燃烧燃料混合物，将次级基体加热到高于其关闭温度，改变燃料的空气/燃料比混合物至重整混合物，在二次基材上产生放热和重整产物，将放热的初级基体加热至其起燃温度以上，并制备重整油。

4. 发明申请

US20100040919A1 Fuel cell hydrocarbon reformer having rapid transient response and convective cooling 失效
标题翻译：具有快速瞬态响应和对流冷却的燃料电池烃重整器
公开(公告)号：US20100040919A1
公开(公告)日：2010-02-18
申请号：US12228613
申请日：2008-08-14
申请人： Francois Ravenda , Patrick Valente , John E. Kirwan , Giulio A. Ricci-Ottati
发明人： Francois Ravenda , Patrick Valente , John E. Kirwan , Giulio A. Ricci-Ottati
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , H01M8/10 , B01J8/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00155 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0883 , H01M8/0618 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/36
摘要： A catalytic hydrocarbon reformer comprising a catalyst concentrically disposed within a reformer tube surrounded by an annular flow space for air entering a fuel-air mixing zone ahead of the catalyst. The catalyst is sustained by minimal insulative mounting material so that most of the side of the catalyst is exposed for radial radiative heat transfer to the reformer tube for cooling by air in the annular flow space. The forward portion of the mounting material preferably is formed of a thermally-conductive material to provide radial conductive cooling of the entry of the catalyst to prevent overheating during catalysis. The incoming air flow is protected from heat exchange with hot reformate exiting the catalyst, allowing for convective cooling of the catalyst side and greater cooling of the catalyst face, thus increasing the working life of the catalyst while providing for rapid startup of the reformer and associated fuel cell system.
摘要翻译：一种催化烃重整器，其包括同心地设置在由用于进入催化剂之前的燃料 - 空气混合区域的空气的环形流动空间包围的重整器管内的催化剂。催化剂由最小的绝缘安装材料维持，使得催化剂的大部分侧面暴露用于径向辐射热传递到重整器管，以便在环形流动空间中由空气冷却。安装材料的前部优选由导热材料形成，以提供催化剂入口的径向导电冷却，以防止催化过程中的过热。防止进入的空气流与离开催化剂的热重整物进行热交换，允许催化剂侧的对流冷却和催化剂面的更大的冷却，从而增加催化剂的使用寿命，同时提供重整器的快速启动和相关联的燃料电池系统。

5. 发明授权

US07409823B2 Method and apparatus for delivery of supplemental material to an exhaust gas feedstream with supplemental air assistance 有权
标题翻译：用于通过辅助空气辅助将补充材料输送到废气进料流的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07409823B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-12
申请号：US10880424
申请日：2004-06-29
申请人： Kenneth S. Price , Joseph V. Bonadies , John E. Kirwan , David Alexander Goulette
发明人： Kenneth S. Price , Joseph V. Bonadies , John E. Kirwan , David Alexander Goulette
IPC分类号： F01N3/10
CPC分类号： F01N3/0253 , B01D53/90 , F01N3/0821 , F01N3/0842 , F01N2240/30 , F01N2610/02 , F01N2610/03 , F01N2610/04 , F01N2610/08 , F02B1/12 , F02B29/04 , F02B37/16 , F02B37/164 , F02M26/05 , Y02T10/144 , Y02T10/146
摘要： A method and system for introducing supplemental material to an exhaust aftertreatment device, including: a delivery system, an air pump operable to input pressurized air to the delivery system, and a turbosupercharger of an internal combustion engine operable to deliver pressurized air to an inlet of the air pump. The supplemental material introduced to the exhaust aftertreatment device is pressurized by the pressurized air input from the air pump, and the air inlet to the air pump is pressurized by the turbosupercharger for the internal combustion engine. The delivery system uses existing pressurized air generated within the engine system from the turbosupercharger to supplement air pressure supplied to the turbine-style air pump used by the delivery system. The supplemental material may comprise ammonia, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or urea.
摘要翻译：一种用于将补充材料引入排气后处理装置的方法和系统，包括：输送系统，可操作以将输入加压空气输送到输送系统的空气泵，以及内燃机的涡轮增压器，其可操作以将加压空气输送到气泵。引入排气后处理装置的补充材料通过从空气泵输入的加压空气加压，并且通过用于内燃机的涡轮增压器对空气泵的进气加压。输送系统使用来自涡轮增压器的发动机系统内产生的现有加压空气来补充供给到由输送系统使用的涡轮式气泵的空气压力。补充材料可以包括氨，氢，一氧化碳或尿素。

6. 发明申请

US20080107937A1 Electrically-heated metal vaporizer for fuel/air preparation in a hydrocarbon reformer assembly 失效
标题翻译：用于燃料/空气制备的电加热金属蒸发器在烃重整器组件中
公开(公告)号：US20080107937A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-08
申请号：US11593673
申请日：2006-11-07
申请人： Francois Ravenda , John E. Kirwan
发明人： Francois Ravenda , John E. Kirwan
IPC分类号： H01M8/06 , C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/386 , B01J8/0221 , B01J2208/00212 , B01J2208/00407 , B01J2208/00415 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , B01J2208/00646 , B01J2208/00716 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/085 , C01B2203/0866 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/1619 , F02M31/18 , Y02T10/126
摘要： A catalytic reformer assembly and methods of operation, including fast start-up, are provided. The reformer assembly includes an electrically-conductive metallic vaporizer having a very high surface area. At start-up of the reformer, electric current is passed through the vaporizer to heat the material by resistance heating, providing a high-temperature, high-surface area environment for fuel vaporization. Preferably, the electric current is started a few seconds before starting fuel flow. The fuel is sprayed either onto or through the heated vaporizer, preferably before the fuel is mixed with incoming air to minimize convective cooling by the air and to reduce the pressure drop in the fuel flow. As the reformer warms up, energy from the reforming process heats the vaporizer via radiation and/or conduction such that electric power is needed only during the start-up phase. A control circuit regulates the amount and duration of electric power supplied to the vaporizer.
摘要翻译：提供了一种催化重整器组件和操作方法，包括快速启动。重整器组件包括具有非常高的表面积的导电金属蒸发器。在重整器启动时，电流通过蒸发器，通过电阻加热来加热材料，为燃料蒸发提供高温，高表面积的环境。优选地，在开始燃料流动之前几秒钟开始电流。燃料喷射到或通过加热的蒸发器，优选在燃料与进入的空气混合之前喷射，以最小化空气的对流冷却并减少燃料流中的压降。随着改性剂的加热，来自重整过程的能量通过辐射和/或传导加热蒸发器，使得仅在启动阶段需要电力。控制电路调节供应到蒸发器的电力的量和持续时间。

7. 发明授权

US07435275B2 System and method of heating an exhaust treatment device 失效
标题翻译：加热废气处理装置的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07435275B2
公开(公告)日：2008-10-14
申请号：US11203059
申请日：2005-08-11
申请人： Haskell Simpkins , Joseph V. Bonadies , David A. Goulette , Kenneth S. Price , John E. Kirwan
发明人： Haskell Simpkins , Joseph V. Bonadies , David A. Goulette , Kenneth S. Price , John E. Kirwan
IPC分类号： C01B3/36 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/54 , B01D50/00 , B01D53/34 , F01N3/00 , F01N3/20 , F23J11/00 , G05B1/00
CPC分类号： C01B3/34 , B01D53/9445 , C01B3/50 , C01B2203/0227 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/0485 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0618 , Y02T10/22
摘要： In one embodiment, a method of heating an exhaust treatment device can comprise: generating reformate in a reformer, wherein the reformate comprises hydrogen; introducing oxygen to the reformate prior to combining the reformate with another stream; combusting a portion of the reformate and generating an exotherm to form heated reformate; and introducing the heated reformate to the exhaust treatment device. In one embodiment the exhaust system can comprise: a reformer; a reformate conduit disposed in physical communication with a reformate outlet of the reformer; an exhaust treatment device disposed in fluid communication with the reformer; and an oxygen supply disposed in fluid communication with the reformate conduit such that oxygen can be introduced into the reformate conduit upstream of a reformate conduit outlet, wherein the reformate conduit outlet is disposed in physical communication with an exhaust conduit and/or the exhaust treatment device.
摘要翻译：在一个实施方案中，加热排气处理装置的方法可包括：在重整器中产生重整产物，其中重整产物包含氢气; 在将重整产物与另一流合并之前，将氧气引入重整产物; 燃烧一部分重整产物并产生放热以形成加热的重整产物; 并将加热的重整产物引入排气处理装置。在一个实施例中，排气系统可以包括：重整器; 与重整器的重整产品物理连通地设置的重整管道; 设置成与所述重整器流体连通的排气处理装置; 以及设置成与重整产品导管流体连通的氧供应，使得氧可以被引入重整产品导管出口上游的重整产品导管，其中重整产品导管出口设置成与排气导管和/或排气处理装置物理连通。

8. 发明授权

US07117668B2 Method and apparatus for rapid exhaust catalyst light-off 失效
标题翻译：快速排气催化剂灭火的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07117668B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-10
申请号：US10683010
申请日：2003-10-10
申请人： Richard F. Nashburn , John E. Kirwan , Michael R. Salemi , Malcolm J. Grieves
发明人： Richard F. Nashburn , John E. Kirwan , Michael R. Salemi , Malcolm J. Grieves
IPC分类号： F01N3/00
CPC分类号： F02D41/064 , F01N3/2033 , F01N3/22 , F02D21/10 , F02D35/0038 , F02D41/0255 , F02M1/16 , Y02T10/26
摘要： An internal combustion engine is supplied with reformate from a hydrocarbon reformer at engine start-up and during engine warm-up. The reformate fuel mixture is fuel-lean at start-up to ensure that all the fuel is burned while the exhaust converter is thermally non-functional. Shortly after start-up, the mixture is changed to be fuel-rich, providing unburned reformate fuel in the exhaust stream. During start-up and warm-up, the output of an air pump is controllably divided between the reformer (primary air) and the engine exhaust system (secondary air). Unburned reformate from the engine and secondary air from the air pump ignite and thereby rapidly heat the converter. Gasoline or diesel fueling of the engine by fuel injection is preferably delayed until the engine and the converter both reach operating temperatures, whereupon the engine is fueled by fuel injection and further reforming is terminated.
摘要翻译：在发动机启动和发动机预热期间，内燃机从烃重整器供应改质油。重新燃烧的燃料混合物在启动时是贫燃料的，以确保在排气转化器不起作用时所有的燃料都被燃烧。启动后不久，混合物变为富燃料，在排气流中提供未燃烧的重整油。在启动和预热期间，空气泵的输出可控地分配在重整器（一次空气）和发动机排气系统（二次空气）之间。来自发动机的未燃烧的重整油和来自空气泵的二次空气点燃，从而快速加热转炉。通过燃料喷射的发动机的汽油或柴油燃料优选被延迟直到发动机和转炉都达到工作温度，于是发动机由燃油喷射燃料并进一步重整停止。

9. 发明授权

US06176222B1 Engine fuel injection control method with fuel puddle modeling 有权
标题翻译：发动机燃油喷射控制方法与燃料水坑建模
公开(公告)号：US06176222B1
公开(公告)日：2001-01-23
申请号：US09437072
申请日：1999-11-09
申请人： John E. Kirwan , Scott Willis Jorgensen , Frederic Anton Matekunas , Chen-Fang Chang
发明人： John E. Kirwan , Scott Willis Jorgensen , Frederic Anton Matekunas , Chen-Fang Chang
IPC分类号： F02M5100
CPC分类号： F02D35/023 , F02D41/047 , F02D41/187 , F02D2200/0402 , F02D2200/0406 , F02D2200/0414 , F02D2200/0602 , F02D2200/0612 , F02D2200/0614 , F02D2200/703 , F02M26/13
摘要： An improved engine fuel control method which divides the liquid fuel into a plurality of components characterized by relative volatility. The mass and evaporation characteristics of each fuel volatility component are determined separately within the fuel puddle, with the overall puddle behavior being characterized as the sum of the behaviors of the individual volatility components. The method involves determining, for each engine cycle, the mass of fuel that will evaporate from the puddle, the mass of vapor required to achieve the desired air/fuel ratio for the engine cylinder, the fraction of the injected fuel that will vaporize, and the mass of fuel that needs to be injected in order to achieve the desired air/fuel ratio in the cylinder. Finally, the puddle mass is updated for the next intake event. In a preferred implementation, the liquid fuel is divided into first, second and third components respectively characterized by high, medium and low volatility, and the volatility is inferred based on a measure of the fired-to-motored cylinder pressure ratio.
摘要翻译：一种改进的发动机燃料控制方法，其将液体燃料分成由相对挥发性表征的多个组分。每个燃料挥发性组分的质量和蒸发特性在燃料水池内单独确定，其中整体水泥行为被表征为各个挥发性组分的行为之和。该方法包括为每个发动机循环确定将从熔池蒸发的燃料质量，实现发动机气缸所需空气/燃料比所需的蒸汽质量，将蒸发的喷射燃料的分数，以及需要喷射的燃料的质量以便实现气缸中所需的空气/燃料比。最后，水坑质量被更新为下一次摄入事件。在优选的实施方案中，液体燃料被分为以高，中和低挥发性为特征的第一，第二和第三成分，并且基于对燃烧到电动汽缸压力比的测量推断出挥发性。

10. 发明授权

US08114175B2 Fuel cell hydrocarbon reformer having rapid transient response and convective cooling 失效
标题翻译：具有快速瞬态响应和对流冷却的燃料电池烃重整器
公开(公告)号：US08114175B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12228613
申请日：2008-08-14
申请人： Francois Ravenda , Patrick Valente , John E. Kirwan , Guilio A. Ricci-Ottati
发明人： Francois Ravenda , Patrick Valente , John E. Kirwan , Guilio A. Ricci-Ottati
IPC分类号： C01B3/08 , H01M8/06
CPC分类号： C01B3/382 , B01J19/2485 , B01J2219/00117 , B01J2219/00155 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/0883 , H01M8/0618 , H01M2008/1293 , Y02E60/36
摘要： A catalytic hydrocarbon reformer comprising a catalyst concentrically disposed within a reformer tube surrounded by an annular flow space for air entering a fuel-air mixing zone ahead of the catalyst. The catalyst is sustained by minimal insulative mounting material so that most of the side of the catalyst is exposed for radial radiative heat transfer to the reformer tube for cooling by air in the annular flow space. The forward portion of the mounting material preferably is formed of a thermally-conductive material to provide radial conductive cooling of the entry of the catalyst to prevent overheating during catalysis. The incoming air flow is protected from heat exchange with hot reformate exiting the catalyst, allowing for convective cooling of the catalyst side and greater cooling of the catalyst face, thus increasing the working life of the catalyst while providing for rapid startup of the reformer and associated fuel cell system.
摘要翻译：一种催化烃重整器，其包括同心地设置在由用于进入催化剂之前的燃料 - 空气混合区域的空气的环形流动空间包围的重整器管内的催化剂。催化剂由最小的绝缘安装材料维持，使得催化剂的大部分侧面暴露用于径向辐射热传递到重整器管，以便在环形流动空间中由空气冷却。安装材料的前部优选由导热材料形成，以提供催化剂入口的径向导电冷却，以防止催化过程中的过热。防止进入的空气流与离开催化剂的热重整物进行热交换，允许催化剂侧的对流冷却和催化剂面的更大的冷却，从而增加催化剂的使用寿命，同时提供重整器的快速启动和相关联的燃料电池系统。

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