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1. 发明授权

US07688473B2 Tinted edge enhancement using harmonic halftones for the boundary pixels 有权
标题翻译：带边缘增强使用谐波半色调为边界像素
公开(公告)号：US07688473B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-30
申请号：US10973725
申请日：2004-10-26
申请人： Connie F. Purdum , Robert P. Loce , Beilei Xu , David J. Lieberman , Mark A. Gwaltney , Jon S. McElvain , Charles M. Hains
发明人： Connie F. Purdum , Robert P. Loce , Beilei Xu , David J. Lieberman , Mark A. Gwaltney , Jon S. McElvain , Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： H04N1/409
CPC分类号： H04N1/4092 , H04N1/4058
摘要： Disclosed herein is an image processing method for producing enhanced halftone edges, particularly suited to those edges which only lie upon the background as apposed to those edges which abut other halftone screens. It utilizes a step of defining border pixels and a step of halftoning those border pixels in a different manner than the halftoning applied to the interior region of the tint or image segment. The preferred halftone for the border pixels will be related to the interior halftone by some number of common spatial frequency harmonics. Examples of common-harmonic screening for an edge include, but are not limited to: (a) same screen with different tone reproduction characteristics (boosted edge values); (b) same screen angles and frequencies with a different spot function, possibly phase shifted; (c) a dot screen whose frequency vectors can be generated by the frequency vectors of the interior screen; (d) a line screen whose frequency vectors can be generated by the frequency vectors of the interior screen. This generation process is directed to ensuring that the two screens will be “harmonically matched” where at least one of the fundamental frequency vectors and harmonics of the first screen will equal at least one of the fundamental frequency vectors and harmonics of the second screen.
摘要翻译：本文公开了一种用于生产增强的半色调边缘的图像处理方法，特别适合于仅靠在与其它半色调屏幕相邻的那些边缘上的背景的那些边缘。它利用定义边框像素的步骤和以与应用于色调或图像片段的内部区域的半色调不同的方式对这些边界像素进行半色调的步骤。用于边框像素的优选半色调将通过若干数量的共同空间频率谐波与内部半色调相关。用于边缘的共谐波筛选的示例包括但不限于：（a）具有不同色调再现特性（增强边缘值）的相同屏幕; （b）具有不同光点功能的相同屏幕角度和频率，可能相移; （c）可以通过内部画面的频率矢量生成频率矢量的点画面; （d）可以通过内部画面的频率矢量生成其频率矢量的行画面。该生成处理旨在确保两个屏幕将被“谐波匹配”，其中基本频率矢量和第一屏幕的谐波中的至少一个将等于第二屏幕的基本频率矢量和谐波中的至少一个。

2. 发明授权

US06327043B1 Object optimized printing system and method 失效
标题翻译：对象优化打印系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06327043B1
公开(公告)日：2001-12-04
申请号：US08715664
申请日：1996-09-18
申请人： David E. Rumph , Robert M. Coleman , Charles M. Hains , James K. Kenealy , Mark T. Corl , Russell R. Atkinson , Michael F. Plass , Eric S. Nickell , L. Dale Green , Robert R. Buckley
发明人： David E. Rumph , Robert M. Coleman , Charles M. Hains , James K. Kenealy , Mark T. Corl , Russell R. Atkinson , Michael F. Plass , Eric S. Nickell , L. Dale Green , Robert R. Buckley
IPC分类号： G06K1500
CPC分类号： G06F3/1244 , G06F3/1208 , G06K15/00 , G06K15/1822 , G06K15/1848 , G06K2215/0002 , H04N1/40
摘要： An object optimized printing system and method comprises a page description language decomposing system, a command instruction and data generating system and an image output terminal controller. The PDL decomposition system inputs a print file defining a plurality of pages in the page description language and locates the plurality of objects forming each page and their object types. Based on the determine object types and any explicit rendering commands in the PDL file, the PDL decomposition system automatically generates rendering tags for each of the objects. The rendering tags are used to control the command instruction and data generating system, the IOT controller and/or the image output terminal to optimize the printing by the IOT on an object-by-object basis. Based on the objects and the generated rendering tags, the command instruction and data generating system generates the differing types of data and the command instructions on a scanline-by-scanline basis. The generated command instructions and data are output to the IOT controller scanline-by-scanline. The data output to the IOT controller includes metabit data which is generated from the rendering tags. The metabit data output to the IOT controller is used to control various subsystems of the IOT controller and the IOT to optimize the printing characteristics of the IOT for each differing object on each scanline.
摘要翻译：对象优化打印系统和方法包括页面描述语言分解系统，命令指令和数据生成系统以及图像输出终端控制器。 PDL分解系统输入定义页面描述语言中的多个页面的打印文件，并且定位形成每个页面的多个对象及其对象类型。根据PDL文件中确定的对象类型和任何显式渲染命令，PDL分解系统自动为每个对象生成渲染标记。渲染标签用于控制命令指令和数据生成系统，IOT控制器和/或图像输出端子，以优化IOT在逐个对象的基础上的打印。基于对象和生成的渲染标签，命令指令和数据生成系统基于逐行扫描线生成不同类型的数据和命令指令。生成的命令指令和数据被输出到IOT控制器逐行扫描线。输出到IOT控制器的数据包括从渲染标签生成的元数据。输出到IOT控制器的元数据用于控制IOT控制器和IOT的各个子系统，以优化每个扫描线上每个不同对象的IOT的打印特性。

3. 发明授权

US06262811B1 Increased functionality for holladay halftoning 失效
标题翻译：增加了功能，使其适用于holladay半色调
公开(公告)号：US06262811B1
公开(公告)日：2001-07-17
申请号：US09004102
申请日：1998-01-07
申请人： Charles M. Hains , Gwendolyn L. Hembrock , Chan Chang
发明人： Charles M. Hains , Gwendolyn L. Hembrock , Chan Chang
IPC分类号： B41B1500
CPC分类号： H04N1/4058
摘要： This is a halftone circuit which, in addition to the usual counting and addressing mechanisms, has control over the phase, angle and direction of the addressing circuitry of the array in memory so that regular dots, mirror images of dots and out-of-phase dots can be created from a single array, thus saving memory hardware. The mirror images can be made by counting rows in either direction, the angle can be varied by varying the number of pixels shifted between scans, and the phase can be varied by setting the starting point to any row and column. In this way, a single array can be used to create a number of dots.
摘要翻译：这是一种半色调电路，除了通常的计数和寻址机制之外，还可以控制存储器中阵列的寻址电路的相位，角度和方向，使得常规点，点的镜像和不相位可以从单个阵列创建点，从而节省内存硬件。可以通过在任一方向上计数行来制作镜像，可以通过改变在扫描之间移动的像素的数量来改变角度，并且可以通过将起点设置为任何行和列来改变相位。以这种方式，可以使用单个阵列来创建多个点。

4. 发明授权

US06192149B1 Method and apparatus for automatic detection of image target gamma 失效
标题翻译：自动检测图像目标伽马的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06192149B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-20
申请号：US09056954
申请日：1998-04-08
申请人： Reiner Eschbach , Charles M. Hains
发明人： Reiner Eschbach , Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： H04N1/60 , G06T5/009 , G06T5/40 , H04N1/4074
摘要： A method and apparatus are provided for improving the quality of a printed image by first automatically determining the gamma (&ggr;) of an image, and then adjusting the &ggr; of the printer, if necessary, to correspond to that of the image. Thus, if an image has a &ggr; of 2, the &ggr; of the printer will be adjusted from approximately 1 (its normal &ggr;), to approximately 2 (i.e., corresponding to that of the image). To detect the &ggr; difference problem, the invention detects a shift in saturated colors towards higher digital counts. Then, through mapping of the color space from three dimensions to two dimensions and cross-plotting values of saturation and luminance, a cumulative histogram plot of luminance is developed. The histogram displays the 256 luminance bands, arranged in one of eight bands, and normalized from zero to one. A threshold value is established for the cumulative histogram plot and the value of the cumulative histogram is compared to the threshold. If the threshold is exceeded in most of the bands, the &ggr; for the image matches that of the printer. However, if the threshold is not exceeded, a false &ggr; image may be indicated, for example. In this case, the &ggr; of the printer may be automatically adjusted (e.g., increased from approximately 1 to approximately 2). Thus, the printed image will then be of the same quality as the original image.
摘要翻译：提供了一种方法和装置，用于通过首先自动确定图像的伽马（gamma）来改善打印图像的质量，然后如果需要，则调整打印机的伽玛以对应于图像的伽马（gamma）。因此，如果图像的伽马值为2，打印机的伽马将从大约1（其正常伽马）调整到大约2（即，对应于图像的伽玛）。为了检测伽马差异问题，本发明检测饱和颜色向较高数字计数的偏移。然后，通过将颜色空间从三维映射到二维和交叉绘制饱和度和亮度值，开发了亮度的累积直方图。直方图显示布置在八个频带之一中的256个亮度带，并从零归一化为一。对累积直方图绘制阈值，并将累积直方图的值与阈值进行比较。如果在大多数频带中超过了阈值，则图像的伽玛与打印机的伽玛匹配。然而，如果不超过阈值，则可以指示假伽马图像。在这种情况下，可以自动调整打印机的伽玛（例如，从大约1增加到大约2）。因此，打印的图像将具有与原始图像相同的质量。

5. 发明授权

US07215444B2 Systems and methods for designing zero-shift supercell halftone screens 有权
标题翻译：用于设计零位超级细胞半色调屏幕的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07215444B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-08
申请号：US10195424
申请日：2002-07-16
申请人： Charles M. Hains
发明人： Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： H04N1/405 , G03F5/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/4058
摘要： Conventional design tools were not developed for designing square zero-shift supercells. Conventionally, solutions that enable square zero-shift supercells were found by trial and error or by exhaustive analysis. According to a first design criterion of this invention, a non-square supercell in a first frame of reference has a diagonal that is equal in length to the diagonal of a square supercell in a second frame of reference rotated at a desired screen angle to the first frame of reference. The screen angle is a function of the lengths of the sides of the non-square supercell in the first frame of reference. According to a second design criterion, if the area of the corresponding square supercell in the second frame of reference is an integer, a square zero-shift supercell can be designed based on the lengths of the sides of the non-square supercell in the first frame of reference.
摘要翻译：传统的设计工具没有开发用于设计方形零位超级单元。通常，通过试错法或通过详尽的分析可以发现实现平方零位超级单元的解决方案。根据本发明的第一设计标准，第一参考系中的非正方形超单元具有在与所要求的屏幕角度相对旋转的第二参考坐标系中的与正方形超单元的对角线长度相等的对角线第一个参考框架。屏幕角度是第一参考系中非方形超级单元的边的长度的函数。根据第二设计标准，如果第二参考系中相应的平方超单元的面积是整数，则可以基于第一参考中的非正方形超单元的边的长度来设计平方零移位超单元参照系。

6. 发明授权

US06724500B1 Piecewise color transformation by gamut partitioning 失效
标题翻译：通过色域分割进行分段颜色转换
公开(公告)号：US06724500B1
公开(公告)日：2004-04-20
申请号：US09450799
申请日：1999-11-29
申请人： Charles M. Hains , Robert R. Buckley
发明人： Charles M. Hains , Robert R. Buckley
IPC分类号： G03F308
CPC分类号： H04N1/6055 , H04N1/6019
摘要： A method for selecting CMY coordinates for printing a desired source color represented in an source color-space includes the step of obtaining coordinates for the printer gamut in the source color-space and then dividing the printer gamut into a plurality of tetrahedra, one of which contains the desired source color. This particular tetrahedron, referred to as the source-bearing tetrahedron, is identified and transformed into a target-bearing tetrahedron in the CMY color space. The target-bearing tetrahedron contains the CMY coordinates of the desired color. The specific color within the target-bearing tetrahedron is identified by obtaining barycentric coordinates for the source color relative to the source-bearing tetrahedron and identifying that color in the target-bearing tetrahedron that has the same barycenric coordinates. The CMY coordinates for that color can then be provided to a printer to print the desired source color.
摘要翻译：用于选择用于打印在源色彩空间中表示的期望的源颜色的CMY坐标的方法包括以下步骤：获得源颜色空间中的打印机色域的坐标，然后将打印机色域分成多个四面体，其中之一包含所需的源颜色。这种特殊的四面体，被称为源代表四面体，被识别并在CMY颜色空间中被转换为带有目标的四面体。目标四面体包含所需颜色的CMY坐标。目标四面体中的具体颜色通过相对于源代表四面体获得源颜色的重心坐标来识别，并且识别具有相同二次坐标的目标四面体中的颜色。然后可以将该颜色的CMY坐标提供给打印机以打印所需的源颜色。

7. 发明授权

US5291296A Specific set of rotated screens for digital halftoning 失效
标题翻译：用于数字半色调的特定旋转屏幕组
公开(公告)号：US5291296A
公开(公告)日：1994-03-01
申请号：US954092
申请日：1992-09-29
申请人： Charles M. Hains
发明人： Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： G03G15/01 , H04N1/23 , H04N1/405 , H04N1/52 , H04N1/40 , G03G15/06
CPC分类号： H04N1/4058 , H04N1/52
摘要： A set of halftone screens and a write white xerographic system for generating halftone images with a minumum of artifacts. The screens used in a four color printer have at least 64 pixels per pattern and are distributed to creat fourcentered dots that are at either -14, 0,+14 or +45 degrees. The xerographic process involves charging the photoreceptor, partially discharging the photoreceptor with a scanning beam to create an image, and then using toner which adheres to the charged portions of the photoreceptor to create the hard copy.
摘要翻译：一组半色调屏幕和一个写入的白色静电复印系统，用于产生具有最小工件的半色调图像。在四色打印机中使用的屏幕每个图案至少有64个像素，并分布以创建四个中心点，分别为-14,0，+ 14或+45度。静电印刷工艺涉及对感光体进行充电，用扫描光束部分地放电感光体以产生图像，然后使用粘附于感光体带电部分的调色剂来产生硬拷贝。

8. 发明授权

US07345786B2 Method for color cast removal in scanned images 有权
标题翻译：扫描图像中色彩去除方法
公开(公告)号：US07345786B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-18
申请号：US10368690
申请日：2003-02-18
申请人： David E. Rumph , Charles M. Hains
发明人： David E. Rumph , Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/608
摘要： A method for color cast removal in a scanned image in L*a*b* space includes generating a first color cast correction curve for mapping L* to a first color correction, Δa*, (or Δb*) wherein the first correction curve provides a desired a* shift in midtone regions and is modulated as a function of L* such that black and white points are unaffected; for each pixel n in the scanned image, passing L*n through the first color cast correction curve for obtaining a value of Δa*n; and adding the value of Δa*n to the scanned image's original a*n component. To ensure that the color corrected a* remains within gamut, a second correction curve for applying a clipping factor to the mapped Δa* may be generated with the a*n passing through the second correction curve for obtaining a clipping factor Cn; and modifying the a*n value by Cn(Δa*n).
摘要翻译：一种用于在L * a * b *空间中的扫描图像中去色调的方法包括：生成用于将L *映射到第一颜色校正的Deltaa *（或Deltab *）的第一色偏校正曲线，其中第一校正曲线中间色调区域中所需的*移位，并且被调制为L *的函数，使得黑色和白色点不受影响; 对于扫描图像中的每个像素n，通过第一颜色转换校正曲线的L * 以获得Deltaa * N n的值; 并将Deltaa * N 的值添加到扫描图像的原始a * 分量。为了确保校正的颜色a *保持在色域内，可以通过经过第二校正曲线的a * N n生成用于将削波因子应用于映射的Deltaa *的第二校正曲线，以获得剪切因子C 并且通过C n n n（ΔΔ* N n）修改a * N 值。

9. 发明授权

US07277201B2 Systems and methods for designing digital anamorphic line screens 有权
标题翻译：设计数字变形线屏幕的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07277201B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-02
申请号：US10445851
申请日：2003-05-28
申请人： Charles M. Hains
发明人： Charles M. Hains
IPC分类号： G06F15/00 , H04N1/60
CPC分类号： H04N1/4058
摘要： Historically, the creation of digital line screens was considered to be a subset of the creation of the digital cluster dot screens. The geometric constraints necessary for digital cluster dot screens were imported into the creation of digital line screens. Accordingly, the number of available angles or digital line screens was also significantly limited. In various exemplary embodiments of the systems and methods according to this invention, a digital line screen cell is defined such that the vectors defining the digital line screen cell are not necessarily isometric and are not necessarily at right angles to each other. By using a high-addressability grid that has different resolutions along x and y axis of the grid, the systems and methods according to this invention allow the components of the vectors along the high-addressability direction to be noninteger multiples of the components of the vectors along the other direction of the grid.
摘要翻译：历史上，数字线屏幕的创建被认为是创建数字集群点阵屏幕的一个子集。数字集群点阵屏幕所需的几何约束被导入数字线屏幕的创建。因此，可用角度或数字线屏幕的数量也受到显着限制。在根据本发明的系统和方法的各种示例性实施例中，定义数字线屏幕单元，使得定义数字线屏幕单元的矢量不一定是等距的，并且不一定彼此成直角。通过使用在网格的x和y轴上具有不同分辨率的高可寻址性网格，根据本发明的系统和方法允许向量沿着高寻址方向的分量成为向量分量的非整数倍数沿着电网的另一个方向。

10. 发明授权

US06943808B2 System and method of reducing aliasing in printed images 失效
标题翻译：减少打印图像中的混叠的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06943808B2
公开(公告)日：2005-09-13
申请号：US10320841
申请日：2002-12-16
申请人： Charles M. Hains , Sang-Chul Kang
发明人： Charles M. Hains , Sang-Chul Kang
IPC分类号： G06T5/00 , G06T5/20 , H04N1/405 , H04N1/409 , G09G5/00 , G06K9/32 , G06K9/40 , G06K15/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/4055 , G06T5/002 , G06T2200/12 , G06T2207/10024
摘要： The system and method reduces aliasing which is formed by the patterns that are introduced by the halftone screens used in the printer. The system and method provides halftone-specific anti-alias filters for obtaining optimal effective resolution in printed images. A method of reducing aliasing in a digital image includes providing a digital image; selecting a halftone screen for halftoning the digital image, wherein the halftone screen has a directional component associated with it; filtering the digital image with an antialiasing filter, the antialiasing filter having been designed to have a directional frequency response that is optimized for the directional component of the selected halftone screen; and halftoning the filtered digital image.
摘要翻译：该系统和方法减少了由打印机中使用的半色调屏幕引入的图案形成的混叠。该系统和方法提供了半色调专用抗混叠滤波器，用于在打印图像中获得最佳的有效分辨率。减少数字图像中的混叠的方法包括：提供数字图像; 选择用于半色调数字图像的半色调屏幕，其中所述半色调屏幕具有与其相关联的定向分量; 用抗混叠滤波器对数字图像进行滤波，抗混叠滤波器被设计成具有针对所选择的半色调屏幕的方向分量优化的方向频率响应; 并对滤波后的数字图像进行半色调处理。

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