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1. 发明授权

US08787400B1 Weighted equal-cost multipath 有权
标题翻译：加权等价多路径
公开(公告)号：US08787400B1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-22
申请号：US13536669
申请日：2012-06-28
申请人： Colby Barth , Kireeti Kompella , David Ward , Joel Obstfeld , Hannes Gredler , John E. Drake
发明人： Colby Barth , Kireeti Kompella , David Ward , Joel Obstfeld , Hannes Gredler , John E. Drake
IPC分类号： H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L45/24 , H04L45/125
摘要： Routers balance network traffic among multiple paths through a network according to an amount of bandwidth that can be sent on an outgoing interface computed for each of the paths. For example, a router receives a link bandwidth for network links that are positioned between the first router and a second router of the network, and selects a plurality of forwarding paths from the first router to the second router. Upon determining that one of the network links is shared by multiple of the plurality of forwarding paths, the router computes a path bandwidth for each of the plurality of outgoing interfaces so as to account for splitting of link bandwidth of the shared network link across the multiple forwarding paths that share the network link. The router assigns packet flows to the forwarding paths based at least on the computed amount of bandwidth for each of the outgoing interfaces.
摘要翻译：路由器根据可以在为每个路径计算的出站接口上发送的带宽量，通过网络平衡多个路径之间的网络流量。例如，路由器接收位于第一路由器和网络的第二路由器之间的网络链路的链路带宽，并且从第一路由器到第二路由器选择多条转发路径。在确定所述网络链路中的一个由所述多个转发路径中的多个转发路径共享时，所述路由器计算所述多个输出接口中的每一个的路径带宽，以便考虑所述共享网络链路在所述多个转发路径中的链路带宽的分割共享网络链路的转发路径。路由器至少基于计算出的每个输出接口的带宽量将分组流分配给转发路径。

2. 发明授权

US08942256B1 Advertising with a layer three routing protocol constituent link attributes of a layer two bundle 有权
标题翻译：广告与第三层路由协议构成第二层捆绑的链路属性
公开(公告)号：US08942256B1
公开(公告)日：2015-01-27
申请号：US13345243
申请日：2012-01-06
申请人： Colby Barth , David Ward , Hannes Gredler , John E. Drake
发明人： Colby Barth , David Ward , Hannes Gredler , John E. Drake
IPC分类号： H04J3/16 , H04L12/66
CPC分类号： H04L41/12 , H04J3/1611 , H04L43/0829 , H04L43/0847 , H04L43/087 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/12 , H04L45/245 , H04Q11/0066 , H04Q2011/0083 , Y02D50/30
摘要： In general, techniques are described for extending routing protocol advertisements to include respective attributes of constituent links of an aggregation group. In one example, a network device includes a management interface that receives configuration information that specifies first and second constituent links for a layer two (L2) aggregated interface. The first and second constituent links are physical links connected to respective physical interfaces of forwarding units of the network device. A routing protocol daemon of the control unit generates a link state message that specifies layer three (L3) routing information associated with the aggregated interface and further specifies an attribute of the first constituent link and an attribute of the second constituent link. The routing protocol daemon sends the link state message from the network device to another network device of the network in accordance with a routing protocol.
摘要翻译：通常，描述了用于扩展路由协议通告以包括聚合组的组成链路的相应属性的技术。在一个示例中，网络设备包括管理接口，其接收为第二层（L2）聚合接口指定第一和第二组成链路的配置信息。第一和第二组成链路是连接到网络设备的转发单元的相应物理接口的物理链路。控制单元的路由协议守护进程生成指定与聚合接口相关联的第三层（L3）路由信息的链路状态消息，并进一步指定第一组成链路的属性和第二组成链路的属性。路由协议守护程序根据路由协议将网络设备的链路状态消息发送到网络的另一个网络设备。

3. 发明授权

US10031782B2 Distributed processing of network device tasks 有权
公开(公告)号：US10031782B2
公开(公告)日：2018-07-24
申请号：US13533780
申请日：2012-06-26
申请人： Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Colby Barth , Mu Lin
发明人： Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Colby Barth , Mu Lin
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F9/50 , G06F9/455
摘要： Techniques are described for distributing network device tasks across virtual machines executing in a computing cloud. A network device includes a network interface to send and receive messages, a routing unit comprising one or more processors configured to execute a version of a network operating system, and a virtual machine agent. The virtual machine agent is configured to identify a virtual machine executing at a computing cloud communicatively coupled to the network device, wherein the identified virtual machine executes an instance of the version of the network operating system, to send, using the at least one network interface and to the virtual machine, a request to perform a task, and to receive, using the at least one network interface and from the virtual machine, a task response that includes a result of performing the task. The routing unit is configured to update the network device based on the result.

4. 发明申请

US20130346470A1 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING OF NETWORK DEVICE TASKS 审中-公开
标题翻译：网络设备任务的分布式处理
公开(公告)号：US20130346470A1
公开(公告)日：2013-12-26
申请号：US13533780
申请日：2012-06-26
申请人： Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Colby Barth , Mu Lin
发明人： Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Colby Barth , Mu Lin
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/5044 , G06F9/45558 , G06F2009/45595
摘要： Techniques are described for distributing network device tasks across virtual machines executing in a computing cloud. A network device includes a network interface to send and receive messages, a routing unit comprising one or more processors configured to execute a version of a network operating system, and a virtual machine agent. The virtual machine agent is configured to identify a virtual machine executing at a computing cloud communicatively coupled to the network device, wherein the identified virtual machine executes an instance of the version of the network operating system, to send, using the at least one network interface and to the virtual machine, a request to perform a task, and to receive, using the at least one network interface and from the virtual machine, a task response that includes a result of performing the task. The routing unit is configured to update the network device based on the result.
摘要翻译：描述了在计算云中执行的虚拟机之间分配网络设备任务的技术。网络设备包括用于发送和接收消息的网络接口，包括被配置为执行网络操作系统的版本的一个或多个处理器的路由单元和虚拟机代理。虚拟机代理被配置为识别在通信地耦合到网络设备的计算云执行的虚拟机，其中所识别的虚拟机执行网络操作系统的版本的实例，以使用所述至少一个网络接口以及向所述虚拟机发送执行任务的请求，以及使用所述至少一个网络接口和从所述虚拟机接收包括执行所述任务的结果的任务响应。路由单元被配置为基于结果来更新网络设备。

5. 发明申请

US20120144066A1 DYNAMICALLY GENERATING APPLICATION-LAYER TRAFFIC OPTIMIZATION PROTOCOL MAPS 有权
标题翻译：动态生成应用层交通协议优化协议
公开(公告)号：US20120144066A1
公开(公告)日：2012-06-07
申请号：US13110987
申请日：2011-05-19
申请人： Jan Medved , Hannes Gredler , David Ward , Satish Raghunath
发明人： Jan Medved , Hannes Gredler , David Ward , Satish Raghunath
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L45/42 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/64 , H04L67/32 , H04L69/321 , H04L69/329
摘要： In general, techniques are described for using routing information obtained by operation of network routing protocols to dynamically generate network and cost maps for an application-layer traffic optimization (ALTO) service. For example, an ALTO server of an autonomous system (AS) receives routing information from routers of the AS by listening for routing protocol updates outputted by the routers and uses the received topology information to dynamically generate a network map of PIDs that reflects a current topology of the AS and/or of the broader network that includes the AS. Additionally, the ALTO server dynamically calculates inter-PID costs using received routing information that reflects current link metrics. The ALTO server then assembles the inter-PID costs into a cost map that the ALTO server may provide, along with the network map, to clients of the ALTO service.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了使用通过网络路由协议的操作而获得的路由信息来动态地生成用于应用层流量优化（ALTO）服务的网络和成本映射的技术。例如，自治系统（AS）的ALTO服务器通过监听由路由器输出的路由协议更新从AS的路由器接收路由信息，并使用接收的拓扑信息动态生成反映当前拓扑的PID的网络映射的AS和/或包括AS的更广泛的网络。此外，ALTO服务器使用反映当前链路指标的接收路由信息动态计算PID间成本。然后，ALTO服务器将PID成本组合到ALTO服务器可以提供的成本图以及网络映射到ALTO服务的客户端。

6. 发明授权

US08700801B2 Dynamically generating application-layer traffic optimization protocol maps 有权
标题翻译：动态生成应用层流量优化协议映射
公开(公告)号：US08700801B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-15
申请号：US13110987
申请日：2011-05-19
申请人： Jan Medved , Hannes Gredler , David Ward , Satish Raghunath
发明人： Jan Medved , Hannes Gredler , David Ward , Satish Raghunath
IPC分类号： H04L29/06
CPC分类号： H04L45/42 , H04L45/02 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/64 , H04L67/32 , H04L69/321 , H04L69/329
摘要： In general, techniques are described for using routing information obtained by operation of network routing protocols to dynamically generate network and cost maps for an application-layer traffic optimization (ALTO) service. For example, an ALTO server of an autonomous system (AS) receives routing information from routers of the AS by listening for routing protocol updates outputted by the routers and uses the received topology information to dynamically generate a network map of PIDs that reflects a current topology of the AS and/or of the broader network that includes the AS. Additionally, the ALTO server dynamically calculates inter-PID costs using received routing information that reflects current link metrics. The ALTO server then assembles the inter-PID costs into a cost map that the ALTO server may provide, along with the network map, to clients of the ALTO service.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了使用通过网络路由协议的操作而获得的路由信息来动态地生成用于应用层流量优化（ALTO）服务的网络和成本映射的技术。例如，自治系统（AS）的ALTO服务器通过监听由路由器输出的路由协议更新从AS的路由器接收路由信息，并使用接收的拓扑信息动态生成反映当前拓扑的PID的网络映射的AS和/或包括AS的更广泛的网络。此外，ALTO服务器使用反映当前链路指标的接收路由信息动态计算PID间成本。然后，ALTO服务器将PID成本组合到ALTO服务器可以提供的成本图以及网络映射到ALTO服务的客户端。

7. 发明授权

US09019865B2 Advertising traffic engineering information with the border gateway protocol 有权
标题翻译：广告流量工程信息与边界网关协议
公开(公告)号：US09019865B2
公开(公告)日：2015-04-28
申请号：US13411292
申请日：2012-03-02
申请人： Hannes Gredler , Jan Medved , David Ward
发明人： Hannes Gredler , Jan Medved , David Ward
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/715 , H04L12/725
CPC分类号： H04L47/125 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/121 , H04L45/124 , H04L45/302 , H04L45/44 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/724 , H04L47/785
摘要： In general, techniques are described for distributing traffic engineering (TE) link information across network routing protocol domain boundaries using a routing protocol. In one example, a network device logically located within a first routing protocol domain includes a routing protocol module executing on a control unit to execute an exterior gateway routing protocol. The routing protocol module of the network device receives an exterior gateway routing protocol advertisement from a router logically located within a second routing protocol domain and decodes traffic engineering information for a traffic engineering link from the exterior gateway routing protocol advertisement. A path computation module of the network device computes a traffic engineered path by selecting the traffic engineering link for inclusion in the traffic engineered path based on the traffic engineering information.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了使用路由协议跨网络路由协议域边界分配流量工程（TE）链路信息的技术。在一个示例中，逻辑上位于第一路由协议域内的网络设备包括在控制单元上执行以执行外部网关路由协议的路由协议模块。网络设备的路由协议模块从逻辑上位于第二路由协议域内的路由器接收外部网关路由协议通告，并从外部网关路由协议广告中解码流量工程链路的流量工程信息。网络设备的路径计算模块通过根据流量工程信息选择流量工程链路来包含在流量工程路径中，计算流量工程路径。

8. 发明授权

US08909736B1 Content delivery network referral 有权
标题翻译：内容传送网络推荐
公开(公告)号：US08909736B1
公开(公告)日：2014-12-09
申请号：US13547917
申请日：2012-07-12
申请人： Hendrikus G. P. Bosch , Scott Ferguson , Jan Medved , David Ward , Hannes Gredler
发明人： Hendrikus G. P. Bosch , Scott Ferguson , Jan Medved , David Ward , Hannes Gredler
IPC分类号： G06F15/16
CPC分类号： H04L67/1093 , H04L65/4084 , H04L65/60 , H04L67/2814 , H04N21/63
摘要： In general, techniques are described for managing content request referrals by keying content requests to a composite key data structure that maps end-user address prefixes and content identifiers to content delivery network servers of downstream CDNs. In one example, a CDN exchange includes a communication module to receive first network prefixes and first content identifiers from a first secondary content delivery network and to receive second network prefixes and second content identifiers from a second secondary content delivery network. A request router of the CDN exchange redirects the content request to the first secondary content delivery network or to the second secondary content delivery network according to a network address of the end user device and a content identifier for the content request.
摘要翻译：通常，描述了通过将内容请求键入到将终端用户地址前缀和内容标识符映射到下游CDN的内容传送网络服务器的复合密钥数据结构来管理内容请求引用的技术。在一个示例中，CDN交换机包括通信模块，用于从第一次要内容传送网络接收第一网络前缀和第一内容标识符，并从第二次要内容传送网络接收第二网络前缀和第二内容标识符。 CDN交换机的请求路由器根据最终用户设备的网络地址和内容请求的内容标识符将内容请求重定向到第一次要内容传送网络或第二次要内容传送网络。

9. 发明申请

US20120224506A1 ADVERTISING TRAFFIC ENGINEERING INFORMATION WITH THE BORDER GATEWAY PROTOCOL 有权
标题翻译：使用“边界网关协议”广告交通工程信息
公开(公告)号：US20120224506A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-06
申请号：US13411292
申请日：2012-03-02
申请人： Hannes Gredler , Jan Medved , David Ward
发明人： Hannes Gredler , Jan Medved , David Ward
IPC分类号： H04L12/28 , H04L12/56
CPC分类号： H04L47/125 , H04L45/04 , H04L45/121 , H04L45/124 , H04L45/302 , H04L45/44 , H04L45/50 , H04L47/724 , H04L47/785
摘要： In general, techniques are described for distributing traffic engineering (TE) link information across network routing protocol domain boundaries using a routing protocol. In one example, a network device logically located within a first routing protocol domain includes a routing protocol module executing on a control unit to execute an exterior gateway routing protocol. The routing protocol module of the network device receives an exterior gateway routing protocol advertisement from a router logically located within a second routing protocol domain and decodes traffic engineering information for a traffic engineering link from the exterior gateway routing protocol advertisement. A path computation module of the network device computes a traffic engineered path by selecting the traffic engineering link for inclusion in the traffic engineered path based on the traffic engineering information.
摘要翻译：一般来说，描述了使用路由协议跨网络路由协议域边界分配流量工程（TE）链路信息的技术。在一个示例中，逻辑上位于第一路由协议域内的网络设备包括在控制单元上执行以执行外部网关路由协议的路由协议模块。网络设备的路由协议模块从逻辑上位于第二路由协议域内的路由器接收外部网关路由协议通告，并从外部网关路由协议广告中解码流量工程链路的流量工程信息。网络设备的路径计算模块通过根据流量工程信息选择流量工程链路来包含在流量工程路径中，计算流量工程路径。

10. 发明授权

US08799422B1 In-service configuration upgrade using virtual machine instances 有权
标题翻译：使用虚拟机实例进行在役配置升级
公开(公告)号：US08799422B1
公开(公告)日：2014-08-05
申请号：US13247475
申请日：2011-09-28
申请人： Hui Qu , Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Mu Lin , Anjali Kulkarni
发明人： Hui Qu , Joel Obstfeld , David Ward , Mu Lin , Anjali Kulkarni
IPC分类号： G06F15/177
CPC分类号： G06F8/656 , H04L45/64 , H04L49/70
摘要： Techniques described in this disclosure relate to configuration updates, such as performing an in-service software upgrade on a device, using virtual machines. In a routing device, a routing engine utilizes a virtual machine executing on a hypervisor to provide control plane functions. In one example, an in-service software upgrade may be performed between a first virtual machine and a second virtual machine without a managing virtual machine. More specifically, a first virtual machine in the control plane of the router may control the upgrade process, including requesting initialization of the second virtual machine, installing a new software system on the second virtual machine, and replicating state data from the first virtual machine to the second virtual machine. In this example, the first virtual machine may operate as a master virtual machine and the second virtual machine may operate as a slave virtual machine that synchronizes with the master virtual machine.
摘要翻译：本公开中描述的技术涉及配置更新，诸如使用虚拟机在设备上执行在职软件升级。在路由设备中，路由引擎利用在管理程序上执行的虚拟机来提供控制平面功能。在一个示例中，可以在没有管理虚拟机的第一虚拟机和第二虚拟机之间执行在役软件升级。更具体地，路由器的控制平面中的第一虚拟机可以控制升级过程，包括请求初始化第二虚拟机，在第二虚拟机上安装新的软件系统，以及将状态数据从第一虚拟机复制到第二个虚拟机。在该示例中，第一虚拟机可以作为主虚拟机操作，并且第二虚拟机可以作为与主虚拟机同步的从属虚拟机来操作。

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