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1. 发明授权

US06229841B1 Method and apparatus for energy estimation in a wireless receiver capable of receiving multiple instances of a common signal 有权
标题翻译：能够在能够接收公共信号的多个实例的无线接收机中进行能量估计的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06229841B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09258086
申请日：1999-02-25
申请人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Thomas B. Sherman
发明人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Thomas B. Sherman
IPC分类号： H04B1707
CPC分类号： H04B1/7115 , H04B1/712
摘要： In a remote unit receiver capable of demodulating a plurality of signal instances corresponding to a singe remote unit transmitted signal, a first instance of a signal is demodulated to produce a first set of energy values corresponding to a set of possible data values of the signal. A second instance of the signal is demodulated to produce a second set of energy values corresponding to the set of possible data values. The first and the second sets of energy values are then combined to determine a combined set of energy values. A first estimate of a most likely transmitted data value is determined based upon the combined set of energy values An energy level of the first instance is determined based upon the energy value within the first set of energy values corresponding to the first estimate of the most likely transmitted data value.
摘要翻译：在能够解调与单个远程单元发送信号相对应的多个信号实例的远程单元接收机中，解调信号的第一实例以产生对应于信号的一组可能数据值的第一组能量值。解调信号的第二实例以产生对应于该组可能数据值的第二组能量值。然后组合第一和第二组能量值以确定组合的能量值集合。基于组合的能量值来确定最可能的传输数据值的第一估计。基于能够在第一组能量值内的能量值来确定第一实例的能级，所述能量值对应于最可能的第一估计值传输数据值。

2. 发明授权

US06389067B1 Method and apparatus for using frame energy metrics to improve rate determination 有权
标题翻译：使用帧能量度量来提高速率确定的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06389067B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09329777
申请日：1999-06-10
申请人： Christopher C. Riddle , Jeffrey A. Levin
发明人： Christopher C. Riddle , Jeffrey A. Levin
IPC分类号： H04B1700
CPC分类号： H04L25/0262
摘要： A Wireless Code Division Multiple Access method and apparatus for determining the transmitted rate of a voice/data signal from a mobile station to a Base Station. Variable rate vocoders transmit voice at one of several predetermined frame rates. The receiver determines the transmitted rate based on one of several frame parameters. One of the parameters is received frame energy. The received frame energy is measured over the length of the relevant portion of the frame. Energy is measured over the half of the frame that can only contain energy if a full rate frame is sent. If the energy measured exceeds a threshold, then full rate is indicated. Else, energy is measured over the fourth of a frame that can only contain energy if a half rate frame is sent. If the energy exceeds a threshold, then half rate is indicated. The procedure is repeated for quarter and eighth rates.
摘要翻译：一种用于确定从移动台到基站的语音/数据信号的传输速率的无线码分多址方法和装置。可变速率声码器以几个预定帧速率之一发送语音。接收机基于几个帧参数之一确定传输速率。其中一个参数是接收帧能量。在帧的相关部分的长度上测量所接收的帧能量。如果发送全速率帧，则在帧的一半上测量能量，其仅能够包含能量。如果测量的能量超过阈值，则表示全速率。否则，如果发送半速率帧，则在帧的四分之一处测量能量，其仅能够包含能量。如果能量超过阈值，则表示半速率。对于第四季度和第八季度，重复该过程。

3. 发明授权

US6130923A Lock detection for multipath wireless receiver 有权
标题翻译：多路径无线接收机的锁定检测
公开(公告)号：US6130923A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-10
申请号：US209356
申请日：1998-12-11
申请人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Tom B. Sherman
发明人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Tom B. Sherman
IPC分类号： H04B1/7115 , H04B1/7117 , H04B1/712 , H04B7/26 , H04L1/02
CPC分类号： H04B1/7115 , H04B1/7117 , H04B1/712
摘要： A wireless receiver receiving multipath Wash-code symbols determines which of fingers 402, 410 have locked on a signal. Measurements of the correlation energies between the received signal and all possible symbols are stored in energy storage units 404, 412. The actual signals are combined in combiner 408. A maximum determiner 416 determines the most likely combined symbol, and an index for this symbol is fed back to the energy storage units. Lock detectors 406, 414 use the measurement for this fed-back symbol to determine whether the finger has locked onto a path. This determination is used to decide whether the next signal detected by that finger should be applied to the combiner.
摘要翻译：接收多路径的无线接收器清洗码符号确定指针402,410中的哪一个锁定在信号上。接收信号与所有可能符号之间的相关能量的测量被存储在能量存储单元404,412中。实际信号在组合器408中组合。最大确定器416确定最可能的组合符号，并且该符号的索引为反馈给储能装置。锁定检测器406,414使用该反馈符号的测量来确定手指是否锁定在路径上。该确定用于确定由该手指检测到的下一个信号是否应该应用于组合器。

4. 发明授权

US06229839B1 Method and apparatus for time tracking 有权
标题翻译：时间跟踪的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06229839B1
公开(公告)日：2001-05-08
申请号：US09246446
申请日：1999-02-08
申请人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Tom Sherman
发明人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle , Tom Sherman
IPC分类号： H04L2730
CPC分类号： H04B1/7085
摘要： In order to time track an incoming signal, a receiver demodulates a first instance of a signal to produce a first set of energy values corresponding to a set of possible data values of the signal. The receiver also demodulates a second instance of the signal to produce a second set of energy values corresponding to the set of possible data values. The receiver combines the first and the second sets of energy values to determine a combined set of energy values. The receiver determines a first estimate of a most likely transmitted data value based upon the combined set of energy values. The receiver decovers an early set of despread samples of the first instance using a symbol corresponding to the first estimate to produce a first early energy value. The receiver decovers a late set of despread samples of the first instance using the symbol corresponding to the first estimate to produce a first late energy value. Finally, the receiver determines a time offset of the first instance based upon the first early and the first late energy values.
摘要翻译：为了时间跟踪输入信号，接收机解调信号的第一实例以产生对应于信号的一组可能数据值的第一组能量值。接收机还解调信号的第二实例以产生对应于该组可能数据值的第二组能量值。接收器组合第一和第二组能量值以确定能量值的组合。接收机基于组合的能量值来确定最可能发送的数据值的第一估计。接收机使用对应于第一估计的符号来解码第一实例的早期解扩样本集合以产生第一早期能量值。接收机使用对应于第一估计的符号来解码第一实例的延迟的解扩样本集，以产生第一晚能量值。最后，接收机基于第一早期和第一后期能量值来确定第一实例的时间偏移。

5. 发明授权

US06201827B1 System and method for probability based lock detection 有权
标题翻译：基于概率的锁定检测系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06201827B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-13
申请号：US09150498
申请日：1998-09-09
申请人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle
发明人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Christopher C. Riddle
IPC分类号： H04L2730
CPC分类号： H04B7/2628 , H04B1/709 , H04B1/7115 , H04B1/712
摘要： The probability based lock detection circuit determines whether a signal is sufficiently strong for communications in a mobile telecommunications system. If a signal is below a maximum energy threshold, the probability based lock detection is used to determine if the receiver is sufficiently capable to detect the signal and combine the signal with other signals received to obtain data transmitted by a mobile telephone. The probability based lock detection involves comparing index representations of maximums of 64 possible energies sent by the mobile telephone that identify that the signal was sent by mobile telephone. A mobile telephone sends signal that arrives to a base station through multiple paths to ensure accurate data transmission. Each signal includes data that identifies the mobile telephone. The probability based lock detection circuit determines whether the index of the maximum of 64 possible values of a signal sent to identify the mobile telephone is the same as the index of the maximum of the 64 possible values as calculated by combining all of signals sent by the mobile telephone.
摘要翻译：基于概率的锁定检测电路确定信号对于移动电信系统中的通信是否足够强。如果信号低于最大能量阈值，则使用基于概率的锁定检测来确定接收机是否足够能够检测信号并将信号与接收的其他信号组合以获得由移动电话发送的数据。基于概率的锁定检测涉及比较由移动电话发送的识别由移动电话发送的信号的最大64个可能能量的索引表示。移动电话通过多个路径发送到基站的信号，以确保准确的数据传输。每个信号包括识别移动电话的数据。基于概率的锁定检测电路确定发送以识别移动电话的信号的最大值64个可能值的索引与通过组合由所述移动电话发送的所有信号的所有信号计算的64个可能值的最大值的索引相同移动电话。

6. 发明授权

US6148317A Method and apparatus for compressing signals in a fixed point format without introducing a bias 有权
标题翻译：用于以固定点格式压缩信号而不引入偏差的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US6148317A
公开(公告)日：2000-11-14
申请号：US134248
申请日：1998-08-14
申请人： Christopher C. Riddle , Jeffrey A. Levin
发明人： Christopher C. Riddle , Jeffrey A. Levin
IPC分类号： H03M7/24 , G06F7/48 , H03M7/34 , G06F7/38
CPC分类号： G06F7/48 , G06F7/49952 , G06F7/49963
摘要： A method and apparatus for compressing fixed point signals without introducing a bias. Signals are compressed according to a dithered rounding approach wherein signal values are rounded up and rounded down with approximately equal probability, canceling the bias that would otherwise result from the rounding operation. Numerical properties of the input signal are exploited in order to determine whether the signal value should be rounded up or down. Signal compression may, therefore, be introduced at multiple points within a system without accumulating a signal bias and degrading downstream performance. Further, one bit signal compression may be achieved in a particularly efficient fashion with a minimal amount of hardware.
摘要翻译：一种在不引入偏压的情况下压缩固定点信号的方法和装置。根据抖动四舍五入方法对信号进行压缩，其中信号值以大概相等的概率向上舍入并向下取整，消除否则由舍入操作引起的偏差。利用输入信号的数值属性来确定信号值是否应该向上或向下舍入。因此，可以在系统内的多个点引入信号压缩，而不会累积信号偏差并降低下行性能。此外，可以以最小量的硬件以特别有效的方式实现一位信号压缩。

7. 发明授权

US08644264B2 Method and apparatus for canceling pilot interference in a wireless communication system 有权
标题翻译：用于消除无线通信系统中的导频干扰的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08644264B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-04
申请号：US12900394
申请日：2010-10-07
申请人： Alessandro Vanelli Coralli , Henry David Pfister , Jilei Hou , John Edward Smee , Roberto Padovani , Brian K. Butler , Jeffrey A. Levin , Thomas B. Wilborn , Paul E. Bender
发明人： Alessandro Vanelli Coralli , Henry David Pfister , Jilei Hou , John Edward Smee , Roberto Padovani , Brian K. Butler , Jeffrey A. Levin , Thomas B. Wilborn , Paul E. Bender
IPC分类号： H03D1/04
CPC分类号： H04B1/7107 , H04B2201/70701
摘要： Methods and systems for estimating and canceling pilot interference in a wireless (e.g., CDMA) communication system. In one method, a received signal comprised of a number of signal instances, each including a pilot, is initially processed to provide data samples. Each signal instance's pilot interference may be estimated by despreading the data samples with a spreading sequence for the signal instance, channelizing the despread data to provide pilot symbols, filtering the pilot symbols to estimate the channel response of the signal instance, and multiplying the estimated channel response with the spreading sequence. The pilot interference estimates due to a plurality of interfering multipaths are accumulated to derive the total pilot interference, which is subtracted from the data samples to provide pilot-canceled data samples. These samples are then processed to derive demodulated data for each of at least one (desired) signal instance in the received signal.
摘要翻译：用于估计和消除无线（例如，CDMA）通信系统中的导频干扰的方法和系统。在一种方法中，最初处理包括多个信号实例（每个包括导频）的接收信号以提供数据样本。每个信号实例的导频干扰可以通过用信号实例的扩展序列解扩数据样本来估计，对解扩数据进行信道化以提供导频符号，对导频符号进行滤波以估计信号实例的信道响应，并将估计信道响应与扩展序列。由多个干扰多径导致的导频干扰估计被累加以导出总导频干扰，其从数据样本中减去以提供导频取消的数据采样。然后处理这些样本以便为接收信号中的至少一个（期望的）信号实例中的每一个导出解调数据。

8. 发明授权

US08433665B2 Methods and systems for three-memristor synapse with STDP and dopamine signaling 有权
标题翻译：使用STDP和多巴胺信号传导的三忆阻器突触的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08433665B2
公开(公告)日：2013-04-30
申请号：US12831594
申请日：2010-07-07
申请人： Yi Tang , Jeffrey A. Levin , Vladimir Aparin , Venkat Rangan
发明人： Yi Tang , Jeffrey A. Levin , Vladimir Aparin , Venkat Rangan
IPC分类号： G06F15/18
CPC分类号： G06N3/0635 , G06N3/049
摘要： The present disclosure proposes implementation of a three-memristor synapse where an adjustment of synaptic strength is based on Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) with dopamine signaling.
摘要翻译：本公开提出了三忆阻突触的实施，其中突触强度的调整基于具有多巴胺信号传导的尖峰时间依赖性可塑性（STDP）。

9. 发明授权

US07190749B2 Method and apparatus for canceling pilot interference in a wireless communication system 有权
标题翻译：用于消除无线通信系统中的导频干扰的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07190749B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-13
申请号：US09974935
申请日：2001-10-10
申请人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Thomas B. Wilborn , Brian K. Butler , Paul E. Bender
发明人： Jeffrey A. Levin , Thomas B. Wilborn , Brian K. Butler , Paul E. Bender
IPC分类号： H03D1/04 , H04B1/707
CPC分类号： H04B1/7107 , H04B2201/70701
摘要： Techniques for canceling pilot interference in a wireless (e.g., CDMA) communication system. In one method, a received signal comprised of a number of signal instances, each including a pilot, is initially processed to provide data samples. Each signal instance's pilot interference may be estimated by despreading the data samples with a spreading sequence for the signal instance, channelizing the despread data to provide pilot symbols, filtering the pilot symbols to estimate the channel response of the signal instance, and multiplying the estimated channel response with the spreading sequence to provide the estimated pilot interference. The pilot interference estimates due to all interfering multipaths are combined to derive the total pilot interference, which is subtracted from the data samples to provide pilot-canceled data samples. These samples are then processed to derive demodulated data for each of at least one (desired) signal instance in the received signal.
摘要翻译：用于在无线（例如CDMA）通信系统中消除导频干扰的技术。在一种方法中，最初处理包括多个信号实例（每个包括导频）的接收信号以提供数据样本。每个信号实例的导频干扰可以通过用信号实例的扩展序列解扩数据样本来估计，对解扩数据进行信道化以提供导频符号，对导频符号进行滤波以估计信号实例的信道响应，并将估计信道响应与扩展序列提供估计的导频干扰。由于所有干扰多径导致的导频干扰估计被组合以导出总导频干扰，其从数据样本中减去以提供导频取消的数据样本。然后处理这些样本以便为接收信号中的至少一个（期望的）信号实例中的每一个导出解调数据。

10. 发明授权

US5867527A Method of searching for a bursty signal 失效
标题翻译：搜索突发信号的方法
公开(公告)号：US5867527A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US810744
申请日：1997-03-04
申请人： Noam A. Ziv , Roberto Padovani , Jeffrey A. Levin , Kenneth D. Easton
发明人： Noam A. Ziv , Roberto Padovani , Jeffrey A. Levin , Kenneth D. Easton
IPC分类号： H04L1/02 , H04B1/707 , H04B7/26 , H04J11/00 , H04J13/00 , H04L27/30 , H04Q7/20 , H04B15/00 , H04K1/00
CPC分类号： H04B1/70752 , H04B1/707 , H04B1/70756 , H04B7/2628 , H04J13/0048 , H04B1/7113 , H04B1/7117 , H04B2201/70703
摘要： An integrated search processor used in a modem for a spread spectrum communications system buffers receive samples and utilizes a time sliced transform processor operating on successive offsets from the buffer. The search processor autonomously steps through a search as configured by a microprocessor specified search parameter set, which can include the group of antennas to search over, the starting offset and width of the search window to search over, and the number of Walsh symbols to accumulate results at each offset. The search processor calculates the correlation energy at each offset, and presents a summary report of the best paths found in the search to use for demodulation element reassignment. The search is done in a linear fashion independent of the probability that a signal being searched for was transmitted at any given time.
摘要翻译：用于扩展频谱通信系统的调制解调器中的集成搜索处理器缓冲器接收采样并利用对来自缓冲器的连续偏移量进行操作的时间分片变换处理器。搜索处理器自主地通过由微处理器指定的搜索参数集配置的搜索进行搜索，该搜索参数集可以包括要搜索的天线组，要搜索的搜索窗口的起始偏移和宽度以及要累积的沃尔什符号的数量结果在每个偏移。搜索处理器计算每个偏移处的相关能量，并呈现搜索中发现的用于解调元件重新分配的最佳路径的汇总报告。搜索是以线性方式进行的，与在任何给定时间发送信号的概率无关。

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