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1. 发明授权

US5980977A Method of producing high surface area metal oxynitrides as substrates in electrical energy storage 失效
标题翻译：在电能存储中生产高表面积金属氮氧化物作为基底的方法
公开(公告)号：US5980977A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US761837
申请日：1996-12-09
申请人： Charles Z. Deng , Keh Chi Tsai , Dania Ghantous
发明人： Charles Z. Deng , Keh Chi Tsai , Dania Ghantous
IPC分类号： H01G9/058 , B82B1/00 , H01G9/00 , H01G9/04 , H01G9/042 , H01G9/155 , H01M2/36 , H01M4/00 , H01M4/04 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/48 , H01M10/04 , B05D5/12
CPC分类号： H01M10/0418 , H01G11/26 , H01G11/46 , H01G11/86 , H01G9/0032 , H01G9/042 , H01M4/0402 , H01M4/58 , H01M4/66 , H01M6/48 , H01M2/36 , H01M4/0438 , Y02E60/13
摘要： The present invention concerns a process to produce a high surface area niobium oxynitride, tantalum oxynitride, vanadium oxynitride, zirconium oxynitride, titanium oxynitride or molybdenum oxynitride coated substrate for use as an electrical energy storage component in a capacitor or a battery configuration. The process relates to:(a) coating one or both flat etched surfaces of a solid substrate, in the form of a thin sheet, with a solution or a slurry of a metal halide in a liquid volatile carrier to produce a thin surface film;(b) contacting the metal halide surface film-carrier coated substrate of step (a) with oxygen, air, or combinations thereof at a temperature to convert the metal halide to metal oxide, respectively, as a thin film and to remove the liquid volatile carrier;(c) repeating steps (a) and (b) to obtain a desired thickness;(d) heating the metal oxide film coated substrate of step (c) in oxygen, air or combinations thereof to convert at least about 95% of the metal chloride to metal oxide;(e) increasing the temperature of the metal oxide coated substrate to elevated temperatures;(f) contacting the oxide coated substrate produced in step (e) with a nitrogen source selected from excess flowing gaseous ammonia, a mixture of ammonia gas and hydrogen gas, or a mixture of hydrogen gas and nitrogen gas at elevated temperatures to convert about 95% or greater of the oxide coating to the corresponding metal oxynitride on the substrate, which metal oxynitride layer has a high surface area and is electrically conductive; and(g) cooling to ambient temperature and recovering the high surface area metal oxynitride coated substrate produced in step (f).
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制造用作电容器或电池结构中的电能存储部件的高表面积铌氧氮化物，氮氧化钽，氮氧化钒，氮氧化锆，氮氧化钛或氮氧化钼涂覆的基板的方法。该方法涉及：（a）以液体挥发性载体中的金属卤化物的溶液或浆料将薄片形式的固体基材的一个或两个平坦蚀刻表面涂覆以产生薄的表面膜; （b）将金属卤化物表面的载体涂覆的步骤（a）的基材与氧气，空气或其组合在一起的温度下分别将金属卤化物分解成金属氧化物作为薄膜，并除去液体挥发性载体（c）重复步骤（a）和（b）以获得所需的厚度; （d）在氧气，空气或其组合中将步骤（c）的金属氧化物膜涂覆的基材加热以将至少约95％的金属氯化物转化为金属氧化物; （e）将金属氧化物涂覆的基底的温度升高到升高的温度; （f）使步骤（e）中生产的氧化物涂覆的基材与选自过量流动的气态氨，氨气和氢气的混合物或氢气和氮气的混合物的氮源在升高的温度下接触，以转化约95 对基板上相应的金属氮氧化物的氧化物涂层的％或更多，该金属氮氧化物层具有高的表面积并具有导电性; 和（g）冷却至环境温度并回收在步骤（f）中制备的高表面积金属氧氮化物涂覆的基材。

2. 发明授权

US4007057A Cell comprising an alkali metal and aqueous electrolyte 失效
标题翻译：包含碱金属和水性电解质的电池
公开(公告)号：US4007057A
公开(公告)日：1977-02-08
申请号：US645199
申请日：1975-12-29
申请人： Ernest Lucius Littauer , Roger Paul Hollandsworth , Keh Chi Tsai
发明人： Ernest Lucius Littauer , Roger Paul Hollandsworth , Keh Chi Tsai
IPC分类号： H01M6/04 , H01M6/26 , H01M6/32 , H01M12/04
CPC分类号： H01M6/26 , H01M12/04
摘要： In a reactive metal-water electrochemical cell, an alkaline electrolyte containing soluble inorganic ions which are reduced preferentially to water at the cathode. More particularly, the additives substantially reduce or eliminate reduction of water and evolution of hydrogen at the cathode resulting in significant improvement in current efficiency, gravimetric energy density and cell potential at a given current. Additionally, suppression of hydrogen evolution makes possible a sealed system with venting of gases from the cell no longer necessary. The inorganic ions of the invention are nitrite, hypochlorite, chlorate, bromate, dinitrogen trioxide and sulfite ions which are formed when soluble salts of nitrite, sulfite, hypochlorate, bromate, chlorate, soluble gases such as dinitrogen trioxide and sulfur dioxide and other soluble inorganic compounds are dissolved in the alkaline electrolyte.
摘要翻译：在反应性金属 - 水电化学电池中，含有可溶性无机离子的碱性电解质在阴极优先被还原成水。更具体地，添加剂基本上减少或消除了水的还原和阴极的析出，导致在给定电流下电流效率，重量分析能量密度和电池电位显着提高。另外，抑制析氢使得密封系统成为可能，不再需要从电池排出气体。本发明的无机离子是亚硝酸盐，次氯酸盐，氯酸盐，溴酸盐，二氧化氮和亚硫酸盐离子，当亚硝酸盐，亚硫酸盐，次氯酸盐，溴酸盐，氯酸盐，可溶性气体如三氧化二氮和二氧化硫和其他可溶性无机物化合物溶解在碱性电解质中。

3. 发明授权

US3976509A Electrolyte compositions 失效
标题翻译：电解质组成
公开(公告)号：US3976509A
公开(公告)日：1976-08-24
申请号：US564984
申请日：1975-04-04
申请人： Keh Chi Tsai , Ernest L. Littauer
发明人： Keh Chi Tsai , Ernest L. Littauer
IPC分类号： H01M6/26 , H01M6/04
CPC分类号： H01M6/26
摘要： In a reactive metal-water electrochemical cell, an alkaline electrolyte containing organic additives which reduce the parasitic direct corrosion reaction between the reactive metal and the water of the electrolyte. More particularly, the additives substantially reduce the activity of the water by forming inter-molecular hydrogen bonding between the organic additive and water. Illustratively, such organic additives include alcohols, nitrogen containing compounds such as amides, amines and hydrazine, and ketones, ethers and esters. Optionally, molarity of the electrolyte is controlled independent of water additions by chemically removing the reactive metal ions formed during discharge of the cell. This is accomplished by the controlled additions of precipitating agents to the electrolyte to form insoluble salts.
摘要翻译：在反应性金属 - 水电化学电池中，含有有机添加剂的碱性电解质，其减少反应性金属与电解质的水之间的寄生直接腐蚀反应。更具体地，添加剂通过在有机添加剂和水之间形成分子间氢键而大大降低了水的活性。说明性地，这样的有机添加剂包括醇，含氮化合物如酰胺，胺和肼，以及酮，醚和酯。任选地，电解质的摩尔浓度通过化学去除在电池放电期间形成的反应性金属离子而独立于水添加来控制。这是通过控制添加沉淀剂到电解质以形成不溶性盐来实现的。

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