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1. 发明授权

US4302016A Community development educational apparatus 失效
标题翻译：社区发展教育仪器
公开(公告)号：US4302016A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US20183
申请日：1979-03-13
申请人： Brian Astle , P. Christopher J. Gallagher
发明人： Brian Astle , P. Christopher J. Gallagher
IPC分类号： A63F3/00 , A63F3/02
CPC分类号： A63F3/00063 , A63F2003/0075
摘要： A board game method involving community development skills between parcels of land and diverse structural improvements thereon with respect to income, expense, and financing thereof during successive time periods of indefinite duration wherein selective positional association of markers of varying sizes and characters upon uniform land areas has a direct bearing on relative success or failure in boom or bust periods. The periods during which action is taken vary randomly throughout utilization of the game device, thus enabling continuous application of strategy and skill in acquiring and arranging land parcels and markers thereon to cope successfully with the unexpected end of a time period.
摘要翻译：一种涉及社区发展技能的棋盘游戏方法，涉及土地包裹之间的社区发展技能，以及在无限期持续时间段内的收入，费用和融资方面的不同结构改进，其中不同尺寸和字符的标记在均匀地带区域的选择性位置关联具有直接关系到繁荣或萧条时期的相对成功或失败。采取行动的期间随着游戏装置的利用而随机变化，从而能够连续地应用战略和技能来获取和安排地块和标记，以便成功地应付一段时间的意想不到的结束。

2. 发明授权

US06529613B1 Motion tracking using image-texture templates 有权
公开(公告)号：US06529613B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09308949
申请日：1999-05-26
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： H04N5/2723 , G01S3/7864 , G01S17/66 , G06K9/3216 , G06T7/246 , H04N5/145 , H04N5/272
摘要： Image templates are extracted from video images in real-time and stored in memory. Templates are selected on the basis of their ability to provide useful positional data and compared with regions of subsequent images to find the position giving the best match. From the position data a transform model is calculated. The transform model tracks the background motion in the current image to accurately determine the motion and attitude of the camera recording the current image. The transform model is confirmed by examining pre-defined image templates. Transform model data and camera sensor data are then used to insert images into the live video broadcast at the desired location in the correct perspective. Stored templates are periodically updated to purge those that no longer give valid or significant positional data. New templates extracted from recent images are used to replace the discarded templates.

3. 发明授权

US5589829A Decoding variable-length encoded signals 失效
标题翻译：解码可变长度编码信号
公开(公告)号：US5589829A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-31
申请号：US329340
申请日：1994-10-26
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： H03M7/42 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/30 , H03M7/40
CPC分类号： H03M7/425 , H04N19/126 , H04N19/86 , H04N19/124 , H04N19/13 , H04N19/60 , H04N19/91
摘要： Variable-length encoded signals (e.g., those corresponding to video signals) are decoded using a lookup table whose indices are shorter than the longest possible variable-length encoded signal. N bits from the encoded bit stream are used as the index to retrieve from the lookup table a table entry, which comprises a flag bit indicating whether the variable-length encoded signal is a short code signal or a long code signal, one or more code-length bits, and one or more code-value bits. If the flag bit indicates that the variable-length encoded signal is a short code signal, then the decoded signal is generated using the code-value bits, wherein the code-length bits indicate the length of the variable-length encoded signal. If the flag bit indicates that the variable-length encoded signal is a long code signal, then the decoded signal is generated using the code-value bits and one or more additional bits from the bit stream, wherein the code-length bits indicate the number of additional bits to be read from the bit stream to complete the variable-length encoded signal.
摘要翻译：可变长度编码信号（例如，对应于视频信号的信号）使用索引小于最长可能长度编码信号的查找表进行解码。使用来自编码比特流的N比特作为索引，从查找表中检索表条目，表格条目包括指示可变长度编码信号是短码信号还是长码信号的标志位，一个或多个码长度位和一个或多个代码值位。如果标志位指示可变长度编码信号是短码信号，则使用码值比特生成解码信号，其中码长比特指示可变长度编码信号的长度。如果标志位指示可变长度编码信号是长码信号，则使用码值比特和来自比特流的一个或多个附加比特来生成解码信号，其中码长比特指示数字的附加位将从位流读取以完成可变长度编码信号。

4. 发明授权

US5225904A Adaptive digital video compression system 失效
标题翻译：自适应数字视频压缩系统
公开(公告)号：US5225904A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-06
申请号：US802169
申请日：1991-12-04
申请人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
发明人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
IPC分类号： H04N5/85 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/32 , H04N9/806
CPC分类号： H04N19/186 , H04N19/10 , H04N19/50 , H04N7/24 , H04N9/8066 , H04N5/85
摘要： A full motion color digital video signal is compressed, formatted for transmission, recorded on compact disc media and decoded at conventional video frame rates. During compression, regions of a frame are individually analyzed to select optimum fill coding methods specific to each region. Region decoding time estimates are made to optimize compression thresholds. Region descriptive codes conveying the size and locations of the regions are grouped together in a first segment of a data stream. Region fill codes conveying pixel amplitude indications for the regions are grouped together according to fill code type and placed in other segments of the data stream. The data stream segments are individually variable length coded according to their respective statistical distributions and formatted to form data frames. The number of bytes per frame is dithered by the addition of auxiliary data determined by a reverse frame sequence analysis to provide an average number selected to minimize pauses of the compact disc during playback thereby avoiding unpredictable seek mode latency periods characteristic of compact discs. A decoder includes a variable length decoder responsive to statistical information in the code stream for separately variable length decoding individual segments of the data stream. Region location data is derived from region descriptive data and applied with region fill codes to a plurality of region specific decoders selected by detection of the fill code type (e.g., relative, absolute, dyad and DPCM) and decoded region pixels are stored in a bit map for subsequent display.
摘要翻译：全运动彩色数字视频信号被压缩，格式化用于传输，记录在光盘介质上并以常规视频帧速率进行解码。在压缩期间，单独地分析帧的区域以选择对于每个区域特定的最佳填充编码方法。进行区域解码时间估计以优化压缩阈值。将区域的尺寸和位置的区域描述代码分组在数据流的第一段中。传送区域的像素幅度指示的区域填充代码根据填充代码类型分组在一起并放置在数据流的其他段中。数据流段根据各自的统计分布进行单独变长编码，并进行格式化以形成数据帧。通过添加由反向帧序列分析确定的辅助数据来提供每帧的字节数，以提供所选择的平均数，以在重放期间最小化压缩盘的暂停，从而避免光盘特征的不可预测的寻道模式等待时间周期。解码器包括响应于代码流中的统计信息的可变长度解码器，用于单独变长数据流解码数据流的各个段。区域位置数据从区域描述数据导出，并且通过区域填充码应用于通过检测填充码类型（例如，相对，绝对，二进制和DPCM）选择的多个区域特定解码器，并将解码的区域像素存储在位中地图以供后续显示。

5. 发明授权

US5079630A Adaptive video compression system 失效
标题翻译：自适应视频压缩系统
公开(公告)号：US5079630A
公开(公告)日：1992-01-07
申请号：US408085
申请日：1989-09-15
申请人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
发明人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
IPC分类号： H04N5/85 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/32 , H04N9/806
CPC分类号： H04N19/186 , H04N19/10 , H04N19/50 , H04N7/24 , H04N9/8066 , H04N5/85
摘要： A full motion color digital video signal is compressed, formatted for transmission, recorded on compact disc media and decoded at conventional video frame rates. During compression, regions of a frame are individually analyzed to select optimum fill coding methods specific to each region. Region decoding time estimates are made to optimize compression thresholds. Region descriptive codes conveying the size and locations of the regions are grouped together in a first segment of a data stream. Region fill codes conveying pixel amplitude indications for the regions are grouped together according to fill code type and placed in other segments of the data stream. The data stream segments are individually variable length coded according to their respective statistical distributions and formatted to form data frames. The number of bytes per frame is dithered by the addition of auxiliary data determined by a reverse frame sequence analysis to provided an average number selected to minimize pauses of the compact disc during playback thereby avoiding unpredicatable seek mode latency periods characteristic of compact discs. A decoder includes a variable length decoder responsive to statistical information in the code stream for separately variable length decoding individual segments of the data stream. Region location data is derived from region descriptive data and applied with region fill codes to a plurality of region specific decoders selected by detection of the fill code type (e.g., relative, absolute, dyad and DPCM) and decoded region pixels are stored in a bit map for subsequent display.
摘要翻译：全运动彩色数字视频信号被压缩，格式化用于传输，记录在光盘介质上并以常规视频帧速率进行解码。在压缩期间，单独地分析帧的区域以选择对于每个区域特定的最佳填充编码方法。进行区域解码时间估计以优化压缩阈值。将区域的尺寸和位置的区域描述代码分组在数据流的第一段中。传送区域的像素幅度指示的区域填充代码根据填充代码类型分组在一起并放置在数据流的其他段中。数据流段根据各自的统计分布进行单独变长编码，并进行格式化以形成数据帧。通过添加由反向帧序列分析确定的辅助数据来提供每帧的字节数，以提供在重放期间最小化光盘暂停的平均数，从而避免光盘特征的不可预测的寻道模式等待时间周期。解码器包括响应于代码流中的统计信息的可变长度解码器，用于单独变长数据流解码数据流的各个段。区域位置数据从区域描述数据导出，并且通过区域填充码应用于通过检测填充码类型（例如，相对，绝对，二进制和DPCM）选择的多个区域特定解码器，并将解码的区域像素存储在位中地图以供后续显示。

6. 发明授权

US4868653A Adaptive digital video compression system 失效
标题翻译：自适应数字视频压缩系统
公开(公告)号：US4868653A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-19
申请号：US104457
申请日：1987-10-05
申请人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
发明人： Stuart J. Golin , Allen H. Simon , Brian Astle , John M. Keith
IPC分类号： H04N9/804 , H04N1/41 , H04N5/85 , H04N7/24 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/32 , H04N9/806 , H04N9/808
CPC分类号： H04N9/8066 , H04N19/10 , H04N19/186 , H04N19/50 , H04N7/24 , H04N5/85
摘要： A full motion color digital video signal is compressed, formatted for transmission, recorded on compact disc media and decoded at conventional video frame rates. During compression, regions of a frame are individually analyzed to select optimum fill coding methods specific to each region. Region decoding time estimates are made to optimize compression thresholds. Region descriptive codes conveying the size and locations of the regions are grouped together in a first segment of a data stream. Region fill codes conveying pixel amplitude indications for the regions are grouped together according to fill code type and placed in other segments of the data stream. The data stream segments are individually variable length coded according to their respective statistical distributions and formatted to form data frames. The number of bytes per frame is dithered by the addition of auxiliary data determined by a reverse frame sequence analysis to provide an average number selected to minimize pauses of the compact disc during playback thereby avoiding unpredictable seek mode latency periods characteristic of compact discs. A decoder includes a variable length decoder responsive to statistical information in the code stream for separately variable length decoding individual segments of the data stream. Region location data is derived from region descriptive data and applied with region fill codes to a plurality of region specific decoders selected by detection of the fill code type (e.g., relative, absolute, dyad and DPCM) and decoded region pixels are stored in a bit map for subsequent display.
摘要翻译：全运动彩色数字视频信号被压缩，格式化用于传输，记录在光盘介质上并以常规视频帧速率进行解码。在压缩期间，单独地分析帧的区域以选择对于每个区域特定的最佳填充编码方法。进行区域解码时间估计以优化压缩阈值。将区域的尺寸和位置的区域描述代码分组在数据流的第一段中。传送区域的像素幅度指示的区域填充代码根据填充代码类型分组在一起并放置在数据流的其他段中。数据流段根据各自的统计分布进行单独变长编码，并进行格式化以形成数据帧。通过添加由反向帧序列分析确定的辅助数据来提供每帧的字节数，以提供所选择的平均数，以在重放期间最小化压缩盘的暂停，从而避免光盘特征的不可预测的寻道模式等待时间周期。解码器包括响应于代码流中的统计信息的可变长度解码器，用于单独变长数据流解码数据流的各个段。区域位置数据从区域描述数据导出，并且通过区域填充码应用于通过检测填充码类型（例如，相对，绝对，二进制和DPCM）选择的多个区域特定解码器，并将解码的区域像素存储在位中地图以供后续显示。

7. 发明授权

US4263565A Amplitude limiter with automatic duty cycle control for use in a phase-locked loop 失效
标题翻译：具有自动占空比控制的幅度限制器用于锁相环
公开(公告)号：US4263565A
公开(公告)日：1981-04-21
申请号：US033944
申请日：1979-04-27
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： H03K5/08 , H03G11/00 , H03K3/017 , H03K5/007 , H03L7/06
CPC分类号： H03G11/002
摘要： A limiter includes an amplifying stage with its operating point determined by a bias voltage developed across a capacitance associated with a charging path and a discharging path. With alternate disabling and enabling of one of the paths controlled by a switching device with a duty cycle reflective of the limiter output duty cycle, the average potential across the capacitance varies in accordance with changes in the duty cycle of the limiter output. The variation sense is selected such that the resultant alterations of the operating point oppose deviations of the duty cycle from a chosen norm (e.g., 50%).
摘要翻译：限幅器包括放大级，其工作点由与充电路径和放电路径相关的电容产生的偏置电压确定。通过交替禁用和使能由开关器件控制的路径之一，反射限幅器输出占空比的占空比，电容两端的平均电位根据限幅器输出的占空比的变化而变化。选择变化感测，使得所得到的操作点的改变与占空比与所选范数（例如，50％）的偏差相反。

8. 发明授权

US5818969A Intelligent start for motion estimation search 失效
标题翻译：智能启动运动估计搜索
公开(公告)号：US5818969A
公开(公告)日：1998-10-06
申请号：US854770
申请日：1997-05-12
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： G06K9/36 , H04N7/12
CPC分类号： G06T7/2026 , H04N19/436 , H04N19/56 , H04N19/61
摘要： An intelligent start for a block-matching search is employed. Motion vectors which have been calculated for immediately adjacent blocks in the same image and for corresponding blocks in previous images are used. If the region upon which motion estimation is being performed is uniform and there is no disturbance motion estimation may be very fast. If there are many discontinuities, for example edges, then a more extensive search is required. To do this, possible candidate vectors are searched and a comparison measure is obtained for each. From these the best match is determined . A local fine search is then performed. The best motion vector can usually be found by examining only a few well-chosen candidate vectors. This greatly improves the efficiency of the search.
摘要翻译：采用了块匹配搜索的智能开始。使用已经为同一图像中的紧邻相邻块计算的运动矢量和先前图像中的相应块。如果执行运动估计的区域是均匀的，并且没有干扰运动估计可能非常快。如果有许多不连续性，例如边缘，则需要更广泛的搜索。为此，搜索可能的候选向量并且获得每个向量的比较度量。从这些最佳匹配决定。然后执行本地精细搜索。通常只能通过检查几个精选的候选向量来找到最佳的运动矢量。这大大提高了搜索的效率。

9. 发明授权

US5812787A Video coding scheme with foreground/background separation 失效
标题翻译：具有前景/背景分离的视频编码方案
公开(公告)号：US5812787A
公开(公告)日：1998-09-22
申请号：US497367
申请日：1995-06-30
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： G06T9/00 , H04N7/26 , H04N7/36 , H04N7/50 , G06K9/46
CPC分类号： H04N19/507 , H04N19/17 , H04N19/46 , H04N19/503 , H04N19/527 , H04N19/61
摘要： A computer-implemented method and apparatus for encoding pictures of a sequence of pictures. According to a preferred embodiment, an encoding system determines a relatively fixed background of the sequence of pictures, and transmits the background to a decoding system. Foreground objects of a current picture are separated from the background, and motion compensation encoding of the foreground objects is performed with respect to at least one previous picture. The encoded foreground objects are then transmitted to the decoding system.
摘要翻译：一种用于对图像序列的图像进行编码的计算机实现的方法和装置。根据优选实施例，编码系统确定图像序列的相对固定的背景，并将背景传送到解码系统。当前图像的前景物体与背景分离，并且相对于至少一个先前图像执行前景对象的运动补偿编码。编码的前景对象然后被发送到解码系统。

10. 发明授权

US5732205A Color conversion using 4.5 bit palette 失效
标题翻译：使用4.5位调色板进行颜色转换
公开(公告)号：US5732205A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US697849
申请日：1996-08-30
申请人： Brian Astle
发明人： Brian Astle
IPC分类号： G09G3/20 , G09G5/02 , H04N1/64 , H04N11/04 , G06F15/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/644 , G09G5/02 , H04N11/042 , G09G3/2051
摘要： A computer-implemented process and apparatus are used for efficient conversion of color video signals. The most significant bits (MSBs) of YUV data are masked off and converted into a single index that allows for the number of colors needed in a standard display format. The Y MSBs are scaled down by a fractional factor prior to the formation of the index so as to save computer memory space that would otherwise be wasted. In a preferred embodiment, relatively low-noise and temporally-changing dithering is applied to the values of full-sampled YUV data prior to color conversion.
摘要翻译：使用计算机实现的处理和装置用于彩色视频信号的有效转换。 YUV数据的最高有效位（MSB）被遮蔽并转换成允许以标准显示格式所需的颜色数量的单个索引。在形成索引之前，Y MSB按比例缩小，以节省否则将浪费的计算机存储器空间。在优选实施例中，在颜色转换之前将相对低噪声和时间变化的抖动应用于全采样YUV数据的值。

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