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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method for degradation and sequencing of polymers which sequentially
eliminate terminal residues
    • 聚合物的降解和测序方法,其顺序地消除末端残基
    • US5527675A
    • 1996-06-18
    • US109548
    • 1993-08-20
    • James M. CoullLeif Christensen
    • James M. CoullLeif Christensen
    • G01N33/50C07B43/00C07K14/00C12M1/00C12N15/09C12P1/00C12Q1/68G01N33/44C07H21/00
    • C12P1/00C07K14/003Y10T436/143333
    • A method and apparatus for sequentially degrading at least a portion of a polymer of backbone repeating units, the polymer having a terminal repeating unit comprised of a nucleophile and a backbone carbonyl carbon distant from the nucleophile, comprising the steps of first initiating attack of said nucleophile upon said backbone carbonyl carbon by raising the energy level to activate said nucleophile for said attack. Secondly, forming a ring comprising the terminal repeating unit, thereby simultaneously releasing the ring and generating a shortened polymer having a terminal repeating unit capable of nucleophile attack upon the backbone carbonyl carbon and, lastly, maintaining the reaction conditions necessary for repeating steps a and b until the portion of the polymer desired is degraded. In a related embodiment, polyamide nucleic acid (PNA) sequences can be determined by generating a nested set of polymer fragments, each fragment having N-x repeating units where N is the total number of repeating units in the parent polymer and x is the number of degradation cycles the fragment has been subjected to, and then analyzing the nested set of polymer fragments to determine polymer sequence. An apparatus embodying the method of sequential degradation is also described. Analysis may be by MALD-TOF.
    • 一种用于连续降解主链重复单元的聚合物的至少一部分的方法和装置,所述聚合物具有由亲核试剂和远离亲核试剂的主链羰基碳组成的末端重复单元,包括以下步骤:首先引发所述亲核试剂 通过提高能级激活所述攻击的所述亲核试剂,在所述骨架羰基碳上。 其次,形成包含末端重复单元的环,从而同时释放环并产生具有能够对主链羰基碳进行亲核作用的末端重复单元的缩短的聚合物,最后维持重复步骤a和b所需的反应条件 直到所需聚合物的部分降解。 在相关实施方案中,聚酰胺核酸(PNA)序列可以通过产生嵌套的聚合物片段来确定,每个片段具有N x个重复单元,其中N是母体聚合物中重复单元的总数,x是降解数 对片段进行循环,然后分析嵌套的聚合物片段,以确定聚合物序列。 还描述了体现顺序降解方法的装置。 分析可能是由MALD-TOF。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • System for the stalling of animals
    • 动物停滞的制度
    • US5009191A
    • 1991-04-23
    • US413340
    • 1989-09-27
    • Tage W. JoergensenLeif Christensen
    • Tage W. JoergensenLeif Christensen
    • A22B1/00
    • A22B1/00
    • Animals such as pigs which are to be slaughtered at slaughterhouses are unloaded from the transport truck and driven into pens and stalled in these for some time, until they are driven out of the pens and over to a stunning apparatus. The pigs of a supplied lot to the slaughterhouse, or part of the supplied lot, are treated as a separate unit during one or more of the above-mentioned stages of treatment, which means that pigs of a unit are to be constantly kept separated from pigs belonging to other units. Each unit may comprise e.g. 15 pigs. The treatment of the animals in units reduces their aggressions, and their well-being is increased, which will result in a lower incidence of rind damages, blood splashings and deviant meat quality of the carcasses. A system for stalling of the pigs includes a number of oblong pens (1), which are placed next to each other. Each of the pens has an entrance gate (6), an exit gate (8) and a driving gate (10) which is movable in the longitudinal direction of the pen. Each pen is equipped with one or more stationary intermediate gates (4), which are placed at such a distance from each other, the entrance gate (6) and the exit gate (8), that the pen is divided into several rooms (3a, 3b, 3c). The size of each room corresponds preferably to the size of the unit of pigs which is to be treated.
    • 在屠宰场屠宰的猪等动物将从运输卡车上卸下,并进入钢笔并停滞一段时间,直至被从钢笔上取出并转到令人惊叹的装置上。 在上述一个或多个处理阶段,向屠宰场或供应批次的一部分提供的批次的猪被视为单独的单位,这意味着一个单位的猪将不断地保持与 属于其他单位的猪。 每个单元可以包括例如 15头猪。 以单位治疗动物减少其侵害,并增加其健康,这将导致屠体的外伤,血液飞溅和肉质异常的发生率较低。 用于停止猪的系统包括彼此相邻放置的多个长方形笔(1)。 每个笔具有可在笔的纵向方向上移动的入口门(6),出口门(8)和驱动门(10)。 每个笔配备有一个或多个静止中间门(4),它们彼此相隔一定距离,入口门(6)和出口门(8),笔被分成几个房间(3a ,3b,3c)。 每个房间的大小最好相当于待处理的猪单位的大小。