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1. 发明授权

US4313655A Focussing system with automatic control of emitted radiant power 失效
标题翻译：具有自动控制发射辐射功率的聚焦系统
公开(公告)号：US4313655A
公开(公告)日：1982-02-02
申请号：US28493
申请日：1979-04-09
申请人： August Hell , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
发明人： August Hell , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
IPC分类号： G03B13/36 , G01S7/497 , G02B7/32 , G03B3/00 , G03B3/10
CPC分类号： G01S7/497 , G02B7/32
摘要： A focussing system of the type which emits radiation from the camera towards the subject, with the radiation reflected from the subject being incident upon a receiving transducer generating an electrical signal from which focus-control information is derived. The emitted radiant-power level is automatically controlled in dependence upon camera-to-subject distance, preferably in dependence upon the power level of the reflected-back radiation incident upon the receiving transducer, even when the focus-control information required for primary system operation is independent of such power level. This makes possible various important improvements, including: automatic lowering of the emitted-power level in close-up contexts, especially where a danger of eye damage might exist; more generally, automatic matching of emitted-power level to the needs of the signal-processing circuitry, permitting signal-processing stages of narrower operative range to be employed on account of the narrower variations in power level of the signal produced by the receiving transducer; and lowered power consumption. Preferably, when a focussing operation is initiated, the emitted power level is initially low or zero and is progressively increased to an automatically selected value without overshoot.
摘要翻译：这种类型的聚焦系统从照相机向被摄体发射辐射，其中从被摄体反射的辐射入射到产生电信号的接收换能器上，从该信号中导出聚焦控制信息。发射的辐射功率电平根据照相机到被摄体的距离而自动控制，优选地依赖于入射到接收换能器上的反射辐射的功率电平，即使主要系统操作所需的聚焦控制信息独立于这种功率级别。这使得可能有各种重要的改进，包括：在特写情况下自动降低发射功率水平，特别是在可能存在眼睛损伤危险的地方; 更通常地，发射功率电平与信号处理电路的需要自动匹配，允许由于接收换能器产生的信号的功率电平的较窄变化而采用更窄的操作范围的信号处理级; 并降低功耗。优选地，当开始聚焦操作时，所发射的功率电平初始为低或为零，并且逐渐增加到自动选择的值而没有过冲。

2. 发明授权

US4200364A Motion picture camera 失效
标题翻译：电影摄影机
公开(公告)号：US4200364A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-29
申请号：US928060
申请日：1978-07-26
申请人： Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
发明人： Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
IPC分类号： G03B19/18 , G03B7/095 , G03B7/08
CPC分类号： G03B7/095
摘要： A motion picture camera wherein the diaphragm is adjusted in automatic response to signals from two outputs of a digital comparator which receives a first set of signals during each revolution of the shutter at a frequency varying as a function of changes of shutter speed and of changes of scene brightness. The comparator further receives a set of reference signals from a digital selector circuit during normal operation of the camera or from a binary counter when the camera is set for making exposures with fade-in, fade-out or lap dissolve. The counter forms part of a program circuit.
摘要翻译：一种动态影像摄像机，其中自动响应于来自数字比较器的两个输出的信号进行调节，该数字比较器在快门的每次旋转期间以随着快门速度的变化和变化的变化而变化的频率接收第一组信号场景亮度比较器进一步在摄像机的正常操作期间从数字选择器电路接收一组参考信号，或者当相机被设置为用于进行渐隐，淡出或叠加的曝光时，从二进制计数器接收一组参考信号。计数器构成程序电路的一部分。

3. 发明授权

US4221474A Photographic camera with focussing system which time-multiplexes the signals from plural photodetectors 失效
标题翻译：具有聚焦系统的照相机，其对来自多个光电检测器的信号进行时间复用
公开(公告)号：US4221474A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-09
申请号：US5091
申请日：1979-01-22
申请人： Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron , Eduard Wagensonner , Kurt Borowski , Theodor Huber
发明人： Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron , Eduard Wagensonner , Kurt Borowski , Theodor Huber
IPC分类号： G03B13/36 , G01C3/24 , G01D5/18 , G01D5/244 , G01D5/245 , G02B7/32 , G03B13/18
CPC分类号： G01C3/24 , G02B7/32
摘要： An infrared measuring beam is emitted from the camera towards the subject, and reflected back as a tiny light spot projected, by an optics which transversely shifts in dependence upon exposure-objective subject-distance setting, onto one, the other or both of two infrared photodiodes. The signals from the two photodiodes are transmitted in processed form to two output flip-flops through the intermediary of a single, shared signal-processing stage, employing time-division-multiplexed transmission of the two photodiode signals, to assure that the signal processing of the two photodiode output signals be as identical as possible.
摘要翻译：红外测量光束从相机朝向被摄体发射，并且通过根据曝光目标对象距离设置而横向偏移的光学器件投射到一个微小光点上并反射回到另一个或两个红外线光电二极管来自两个光电二极管的信号通过采用时分多路传输两个光电二极管信号的单个共享信号处理级的中介，以处理形式传输到两个输出触发器，以确保信号处理两个光电二极管输出信号尽可能相同。

4. 发明授权

US4354747A Switching circuit for regulation of camera functions 失效
标题翻译：用于调节摄像机功能的开关电路
公开(公告)号：US4354747A
公开(公告)日：1982-10-19
申请号：US242104
申请日：1981-03-09
申请人： Kurt Borowski , Reinhard Nicko , Istvan Cocron , Dieter Engelsmann
发明人： Kurt Borowski , Reinhard Nicko , Istvan Cocron , Dieter Engelsmann
IPC分类号： G03B17/02 , G03B7/08 , H03K3/037 , G03B1/18 , G03B7/26 , H01H47/00
CPC分类号： H03K3/0375 , G03B7/0807 , Y10T307/878 , Y10T307/904 , Y10T307/944 , Y10T307/977
摘要： A digital circuit is described for controlling functions of a camera wherein the circuit is powered by a potential source which is connected to the circuit through a relay actuated switch. The circuit employs a plurality of D-flip flops to regulate functions such as film transport and opening and closing of the camera shutter as a function of the light intensity of the scene being photographed. A reset signal generator is used to provide stable and reliable control over the starting condition of the flip flops and render the circuit insensitive to voltage transients as may occur from contact bounce effects at the relay actuated switch. The reset signal generator employs an inverter delay chain to provide like reset pulses when such contact bounce occurs. Various control features are described.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于控制照相机功能的数字电路，其中电路由通过继电器驱动的开关连接到电路的电位源供电。电路采用多个D触发器来调节诸如胶片传送和照相机快门的打开和关闭的功能，作为拍摄场景的光强度的函数。复位信号发生器用于提供对触发器的起始状态的稳定和可靠的控制，并且使电路对电压瞬变敏感，这可能是由于在继电器致动的开关处的接触反弹效应所发生的。当发生接触反弹时，复位信号发生器采用逆变器延迟链来提供类似的复位脉冲。描述各种控制特征。

5. 发明授权

US4303319A Unidirectional focussing system 失效
标题翻译：单向聚焦系统
公开(公告)号：US4303319A
公开(公告)日：1981-12-01
申请号：US52962
申请日：1979-06-26
申请人： August Hell , Istvan Cocron
发明人： August Hell , Istvan Cocron
IPC分类号： G03B13/36 , G02B7/28 , G02B7/32 , G02B7/34 , G03B3/00 , G03B3/10
CPC分类号： G02B7/34
摘要： At the start of each focussing operation, the camera objective is at a first extreme subject-distance setting and is moved in a first direction therefrom towards the second extreme subject-distance setting. A focus-evaluating circuit comprises first and second photodetectors located to receive light from the subject and a comparing circuit which compares the light incident on the photodetectors and in dependence upon the present subject-distance setting generates first and second signals respectively indicating that the subject-distance setting should be changed in the first direction or in the opposite second direction, such circuit having bidirectional character and furthermore establishing a tolerance range of acceptable distance-setting error within which both the first and second signals are generated. During the unidirectional change of subject-distance setting, the appearance of the first signal leads to generation of a stop signal commanding that the progressive change of distance setting be stopped. Accordingly, the unidirectional change of setting is commanded to stop at the point where the changing distance setting just enters into the tolerance range of the bidirectional evaluating circuitry.
摘要翻译：在每个聚焦操作开始时，相机物镜处于第一极限被摄体距离设置，并且从其朝向第二极距物体距离设定的第一方向移动。焦点评估电路包括位于接收来自被摄体的光的第一和第二光电探测器以及比较电路，其比较入射在光电探测器上的光并根据本目标距离设置产生分别表示被摄体的第一和第二信号，应在第一方向或相反的第二方向上改变距离设置，这种电路具有双向字符，并且进一步建立可产生第一和第二信号的可接受的距离设定误差的公差范围。在对象距离设置的单向改变期间，第一信号的出现导致产生停止信号，停止距离设定的逐渐变化。因此，设定的单向变化被命令在变化距离设定刚刚进入双向评估电路的公差范围的点停止。

6. 发明授权

US4273428A Digital exposure-duration control circuit with upper limit on exposure duration 失效
标题翻译：数字曝光持续时间控制电路，曝光时间上限
公开(公告)号：US4273428A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-16
申请号：US32902
申请日：1979-04-24
申请人： Kurt Borowski , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Kurt Borowski , Eduard Wagensonner , Istvan Cocron
IPC分类号： G03B7/16 , G03B17/18 , G03B7/093
CPC分类号： G03B7/16
摘要： A first pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency varies in dependence upon scene light, and a second pulse train whose pulse repetition frequency does not vary in dependence upon scene light, are counted by digital counting circuitry, and a terminate-exposure signal is produced when the digital counting circuitry reaches a predetermined count. The second pulse train serves to establish an upper permissible limit for the duration of the exposure to be performed.
摘要翻译：脉冲重复频率根据场景光而变化的第一脉冲串，并且脉冲重复频率根据场景光不变化的第二脉冲串由数字计数电路计数，当产生终止曝光信号时，产生终止曝光信号数字计数电路达到预定计数。第二脉冲串用于建立要执行的曝光持续时间的允许上限。

7. 发明授权

US4230400A Photographic camera with exposure-control and focussing means 失效
标题翻译：具有曝光控制和聚焦功能的照相机
公开(公告)号：US4230400A
公开(公告)日：1980-10-28
申请号：US964736
申请日：1978-11-29
申请人： Richard Wick , Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Karl Wagner , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Gunter Fauth
发明人： Richard Wick , Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Karl Wagner , Kurt Borowski , Istvan Cocron , Gunter Fauth
IPC分类号： G03B7/08 , G02B7/32 , G03B13/36 , G03B17/20 , G03B19/02 , G03B7/081 , G03B7/099 , G03B13/18
CPC分类号： G02B7/32 , G03B17/20
摘要： A focussing system emits an infrared light beam towards the subject, the reflected beam passing through an infrared filter and being projected by a spot optics as a small spot onto a pair of photosensitive elements. The spot optics shifts in a plane normal to the camera's optical axis in dependence upon rotation of the camera's focussing ring, to vary the distribution of the reflected beam onto the two elements, the distribution being equal between them when the state of focus is correct. A circuit derives, from the output signals of the two photosensitive elements, a state-of-focus signal used to automatically focus or else to indicate to the user the direction in which he should manually adjust focus. When focussing is finished, the photosensitive elements are disconnected from the focussing circuitry and connected to the camera's exposure-control circuitry, to thereby serve a dual function. The infrared filter moves out of the light path of the photosensitive elements. The spot optics is moved out of the light path of the photosensitive elements, so that for exposure control a larger light field can be established, or else an auxiliary optics moves into the light path to enlarge the light field in that manner.
摘要翻译：聚焦系统朝向被摄体发射红外光束，反射光束通过红外滤光器并被作为小光点的光点投影到一对感光元件上。光点光学根据照相机聚焦环的旋转垂直于相机光轴的平面移动，以便将反射光束分布在两个元件上，当焦点状态正确时，它们之间的分布相等。电路从两个感光元件的输出信号中得出用于自动对焦的聚焦信号，或者向用户指示他应该手动调整焦点的方向。当聚焦完成时，感光元件与聚焦电路断开并连接到相机的曝光控制电路，从而起到双重作用。红外线滤光片移出光敏元件的光路。点光学元件被移出光敏元件的光路，使得为了曝光控制可以建立更大的光场，或者辅助光学元件移动到光路中以便以这种方式放大光场。

8. 发明授权

US4268137A Radiation-emissive focussing system with integration of the signals produced by the system's detector arrangement 失效
标题翻译：辐射发射聚焦系统与系统检测器装置产生的信号集成
公开(公告)号：US4268137A
公开(公告)日：1981-05-19
申请号：US28186
申请日：1979-04-09
申请人： Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber , Wolfgang Ruf
发明人： Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber , Wolfgang Ruf
IPC分类号： G03B13/36 , G01S7/486 , G02B7/28 , G02B7/32 , G03B13/18 , G01J1/36
CPC分类号： G01S7/486 , G02B7/32
摘要： Pulses of radiation are emitted from the camera to the subject, reflected back to the camera, and incident upon two detectors. The successive pulses produced by the two detectors are applied to respective integrators which trip respective threshold circuits when and if their integral signals reach the threshold value. This inherently reduces detector and other noise present in the processing circuitry. A tolerance-range counter ascertains whether or not, after one threshold circuit is tripped, the other becomes tripped within a predetermined time interval.
摘要翻译：辐射脉冲从相机发射到被摄体，反射回相机，并入射到两个检测器上。由两个检测器产生的连续脉冲被施加到各自的积分器，当它们的积分信号达到阈值时，它们跳闸相应的阈值电路。这固有地减少处理电路中存在的检测器和其他噪声。公差范围计数器确定在一个阈值电路跳闸之后，另一个阈值电路是否在预定时间间隔内跳闸。

9. 发明授权

US4251145A Focussing system for cameras 失效
标题翻译：照相机聚焦系统
公开(公告)号：US4251145A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-17
申请号：US59207
申请日：1979-07-19
申请人： Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
发明人： Istvan Cocron , Theodor Huber
IPC分类号： G03B13/36 , G01S7/486 , G02B7/28 , G02B7/32 , G03B3/00 , G01J1/42 , G03B13/18
CPC分类号： G01S7/486 , G02B7/32
摘要： First and second photodetector signals, whose relative amplitudes depend upon focus error, are integrated to form respective first and second integral signals whose relative rates of change are dependent upon focus error. Each integral signal is applied to two comparators, one whose threshold level is reached first and the other having a threshold level which would be reached second. When one or the other of the two integral signals reaches its first-reached threshold level, this applies a corresponding signal to the data input of a respective flip-flop, and when this faster-changing integral signal then reaches its second-reached threshold level this clocks both such flip-flops. The time elapsing between the faster-changing integral signal reaching its first-reached and then its second-reached threshold level constitutes a tolerance interval, during which the slower-changing integral signal is given an opportunity to try to reach its respective first-reached threshold level. If the slower-changing integral signal reaches its first-reached threshold level within the tolerance interval, then a corresponding signal is applied to the data input of its associated flip-flop as well before the two flip-flops are clocked, with the result that the states of the two flip-flops are the same as if both integral signals had indentical rates of change of value.
摘要翻译：其相对幅度取决于聚焦误差的第一和第二光电检测器信号被积分以形成相对的第一和第二积分信号，其相对变化率取决于聚焦误差。每个积分信号被施加到两个比较器，其阈值电平首先达到，另一个具有将达到第二阈值电平。当两个积分信号中的一个或另一个达到其第一达到的阈值电平时，这将相应的信号施加到相应触发器的数据输入端，并且当该更快的变化的积分信号然后达到其第二达到的阈值电平这样就会使这两个触发器同时进行。在快速变化的积分信号达到其首次达到阈值水平之间经过的时间构成了容限间隔，在此期间，较慢变化的积分信号被给予尝试达到其相应的第一达到阈值的机会水平。如果较慢变化的积分信号在公差范围内达到其首次达到的阈值电平，则在两个触发器被计时之前，相应的信号被施加到其相关联的触发器的数据输入端，结果是两个触发器的状态与两个积分信号具有不同的价值变化率相同。

10. 发明授权

US4344686A Photographic camera with state-of-focus indication 失效
标题翻译：具有聚焦指示的摄影相机
公开(公告)号：US4344686A
公开(公告)日：1982-08-17
申请号：US133127
申请日：1980-03-24
申请人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron
发明人： Otto Stemme , Peter Lermann , Istvan Cocron
IPC分类号： G03B13/18 , G03B17/20 , G03B13/02
CPC分类号： G03B17/20 , G03B13/18
摘要： A photographic still or motion-picture camera has a viewfinder and a manually moved focus adjuster, such as a focussing ring. When the user peers into the viewfinder, there is a visible indication of the direction in which the focus adjuster should be manually moved to reduce the state-of-focus error, for example two curved illuminated errors, one pointing clockwise and the other counterclockwise, only one of which lights up to indicate the direction in which the focussing ring should be manually turned. When the state-of-focus error has been reduced to zero or a minimum, this is likewise indicated, for example because neither curved arrow is illuminated. To control the activation of the indicating elements, use can be made of components of a conventional completely automatic focussing system, but minus the adjusting motor of such system and minus superfluous motor-energization control circuitry. In this way, the user is provided a simple and unequivocal guide when manually focussing, without the cost, complexity, bulkiness and power consumption of a complete automatic focussing system including an adjusting motor and motor-energization control circuitry.
摘要翻译：照相静止或动态相机具有取景器和手动移动的焦点调节器，例如聚焦环。当用户对准取景器时，存在可以手动移动聚焦调节器的方向的可见指示，以减少聚焦误差，例如两个弯曲的发光错误，一个指向顺时针方向，另一个指向逆时针方向，只有其中一个亮起来指示聚焦环手动转动的方向。当聚焦误差已经降低到零或最小时，这同样被指示，例如因为没有弯曲的箭头被照亮。为了控制指示元件的激活，可以使用常规的全自动聚焦系统的部件，但是减去这种系统的调节电机和减去多余的电动机通电控制电路。以这种方式，在手动聚焦的情况下，向用户提供简单而明确的指导，而无需包括调节电机和电动机通电控制电路的完整自动聚焦系统的成本，复杂性，蓬松性和功耗。

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