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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for determining kinds of adsorbates
    • 用于确定吸附物种类的装置
    • US5870193A
    • 1999-02-09
    • US944863
    • 1997-10-06
    • Atsuhiro SumiyaItsuhei OgataTsukasa SatakeJuichiro Ukon
    • Atsuhiro SumiyaItsuhei OgataTsukasa SatakeJuichiro Ukon
    • G01N21/27G01B9/02
    • G01N21/274
    • An infrared spectrometer disperses a radiation ray from a catalyst which has been exposed to a gas for evaluation to adsorb adsorbates thereon, and outputs spectral data in accordance with a wavenumber of the radiation ray to a computer storing reference data. The computer normalizes the spectral data and the reference data, and then, it calculates a product of the normalized spectral data and the reference data. Thereafter, a function of the product is differentiated with respect to the wavenumber to obtain a differential function. Accordingly, a specified wavenumber for which the differential function is zero is determined, so that the common peak of the spectral data and the reference data at the specified wavenumber is accurately determined.
    • 红外光谱仪将已经暴露于用于评价的气体的催化剂的辐射线分散在其上吸附被吸附物,并且将根据辐射线的波数的光谱数据输出到存储参考数据的计算机。 计算机对光谱数据和参考数据进行归一化,然后计算归一化光谱数据和参考数据的乘积。 此后,产品的函数相对于波数是不同的,以获得差分函数。 因此,确定差分函数为零的指定波数,从而准确地确定在指定波数处的频谱数据和参考数据的共同峰值。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Apparatus for detecting and analyzing adsorbates
    • 用于检测和分析吸附物的装置
    • US5911953A
    • 1999-06-15
    • US865484
    • 1997-06-02
    • Itsuhei OgataAtsuhiro SumiyaTsukasa Satake
    • Itsuhei OgataAtsuhiro SumiyaTsukasa Satake
    • G01N31/00G01N21/00G01N21/35G01N21/62G01N21/71G01N21/75G01N31/10
    • G01N21/3563Y10T436/205831Y10T436/208339Y10T436/25875
    • A solid object carrying a catalyzer thereon is placed in a closed reaction chamber into which test gases are supplied and is heated up to a temperature of 1000.degree. C. Adsorbates are formed on the surface of the solid object under the test gas flow in the closed reaction chamber. Infrared radiations radiated from the adsorbates are emitted through an infrared-transmissive window hermetically formed on a wall of the closed reaction chamber, and are analyzed by an infrared radiation spectrometer and observed by a microscope. The infrared-transmissive window is cooled down by a cooling device attached thereto so that the temperature of the window does not exceed a certain level, e.g., 200.degree. C. Thus, the adsorbates formed on the solid object can be detected and analyzed under conditions where the test gas is actually flowing and the temperature of the solid object is elevated up to a high level. Since the infrared-transmissive window is cooled down and prevented from being broken by heat, the detection and analysis of the adsorbates are performed safely.
    • 在其上携带催化剂的固体物体放置在封闭的反应室中,向其中供应测试气体并加热至1000℃的温度。在封闭的试验气体流下的固体物体的表面上形成吸附物 反应室。 从被吸附物辐射的红外辐射通过气密地形成在封闭反应室的壁上的红外透射窗口发射,并通过红外辐射光谱仪分析并通过显微镜观察。 红外线透过窗被连接在其上的冷却装置冷却,使得窗口的温度不超过一定水平,例如200℃。因此,可以在条件下检测和分析形成在固体物体上的吸附物质 其中测试气体实际上流动并且固体物体的温度升高到高水平。 由于红外线透过窗被冷却并防止被热分解,所以能够安全地进行被检测物的分析。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Integrally fired, laminated electromechanical transducing element
    • 整体烧制,层压电机转换元件
    • US06734607B2
    • 2004-05-11
    • US10029005
    • 2001-12-28
    • Toshiatsu NagayaYouta IwamotoHitoshi ShindoAtsuhiro SumiyaEturo Yasuda
    • Toshiatsu NagayaYouta IwamotoHitoshi ShindoAtsuhiro SumiyaEturo Yasuda
    • H01L4108
    • H01L41/0471H01L41/0477H01L41/273
    • An integrally fired, laminated electromechanical transducing element, fabricated using an inexpensive electrode material and having the electrode characteristic at least equivalent to that of the Ag—Pd electrode, is disclosed. Especially, in the integrally fired, laminated electromechanical transducing element according to the invention, (A) the rigidity of the internal electrode layers is low and the internal stress generated at the time of expansion or contraction of the ceramic layers is small, (B) the antimigration characteristic is superior, (C) the charge loss is small, the heat conductivity is high and the heat radiation characteristic is superior, and/or (D) the bonding strength between the ceramic layers and the electrode layers is high. The integrally fired, laminated electromechanical transducing element (1) according to the invention comprises, for example, an integrally fired laminate member fabricated by integrally firing a plurality of the ceramic layers (11) of piezoelectric ceramic or electrostrictive ceramic and the internal electrode layers (21, 22) interposed between the ceramic layers (11). The main component of the internal electrode layers (21, 22) is a base metal having a rigidity of not more than 160 GPa.
    • 公开了一种使用便宜的电极材料制造且具有至少与Ag-Pd电极相当的电极特性的整体烧制的层压电机转换元件。 特别地,在本发明的一体化烧结的层叠型机电转换元件中,(A)内部电极层的刚性低,陶瓷层的膨胀或收缩时产生的内应力小,(B) 抗迁移特性优异,(C)电荷损失小,导热性高,散热特性优异,(D)陶瓷层与电极层的接合强度高。 根据本发明的整体烧制的层压机电换能元件(1)包括例如通过一体地烧制多个压电陶瓷或电致伸缩陶瓷的陶瓷层(11)和内部电极层( 介于陶瓷层(11)之间。 内部电极层(21,22)的主要成分是具有不大于160GPa的刚性的母材。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Stacked ceramic body and production method thereof
    • 堆叠陶瓷体及其制造方法
    • US07063813B1
    • 2006-06-20
    • US10318359
    • 2002-12-13
    • Toshiatsu NagayaTakashi YamamotoAkira FujiiAtsuhiro SumiyaHitoshi ShindoEturo Yasuda
    • Toshiatsu NagayaTakashi YamamotoAkira FujiiAtsuhiro SumiyaHitoshi ShindoEturo Yasuda
    • C04B37/00C04B33/32
    • H01L41/083H01L41/0471H01L41/273Y10T428/24926
    • This invention provides a stacked ceramic body that prevents reaction between components of dielectric layers and components of electrode layers of an unsintered stacked body during sintering and in which both components do not easily form a liquid phase, and a production method of such a stacked ceramic body. A print portion 13 is formed on a green sheet 1, 12 containing lead by use of an electrode paste consisting of copper oxide as its main component. A desired number of print sheets 10 are stacked to give an unsintered stacked body 15. Degreasing is conducted in an atmosphere to degrease organic components. The print portion 13 is subjected to reducing treatment in a reducing atmosphere containing hydrogen and is converted to a print portion 13 containing copper as its main component. The unsintered stacked body 15 is sintered in a reducing atmosphere. Dielectric layers containing lead and electrode layers for applying a voltage to the dielectric layers are alternately stacked, and an oxidation portion containing copper is formed in the proximity of a surface of the electrode layer. A thickness of the oxidation portion in a stacking direction is 0.5 to 2 μm and a copper content in the oxidation portion is 1 to 30 wt %.
    • 本发明提供一种层叠陶瓷体,其在烧结时防止电介质层的成分与未烧结层叠体的电极层的成分之间的反应,并且其中两种成分都不容易形成液相,以及这种层叠陶瓷体的制造方法 。 通过使用以氧化铜为主要成分的电极糊料,在含有铅的生片1,12上形成印刷部13。 堆叠所需数量的打印片材10以得到未烧结的叠层体15。 在大气中进行脱脂以使有机组分脱脂。 打印部分13在含有氢的还原气氛中进行还原处理,并转换成包含铜作为其主要成分的印刷部分13。 未烧结的堆叠体15在还原气氛中烧结。 包含用于向电介质层施加电压的引线和电极层的介电层交替堆叠,并且在电极层的表面附近形成含有铜的氧化部分。 层叠方向的氧化部的厚度为0.5〜2μm,氧化部的铜含量为1〜30重量%。