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1. 发明授权

US06320847B1 Method and apparatus for reduction of call setup time using anticipation technique for multimedia applications in widely distributed networks 失效
标题翻译：用于在广泛分布式网络中用于多媒体应用的预期技术来减少呼叫建立时间的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06320847B1
公开(公告)日：2001-11-20
申请号：US08972617
申请日：1997-11-18
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal , Ashok N. Rudrapatna
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal , Ashok N. Rudrapatna
IPC分类号： G01R3108
CPC分类号： H04Q3/66 , H04Q3/002 , H04Q2213/1307 , H04Q2213/13095 , H04Q2213/13103 , H04Q2213/13106 , H04Q2213/13141 , H04Q2213/13176 , H04Q2213/13204 , H04Q2213/1331 , H04Q2213/13339
摘要： In a widely distributed digital communication network call delays and eventual outcome are anticipated (i.e., expected call outcome) at the initiation of a call at an originating terminal and the call is completed by signal switching to its destination terminal and by decreasing the number of related message transfers between network controllers and hubs required to complete the balance of administrative refinements of the call connection. The routing steps for setting up the call trajectory to the destination hub are completed immediately before the administrative steps, such as authentication, access control, bandwidth availability etc., are performed. Administrative refinements subsequent to the preliminary call set up are performed in a distributive manner. Administrative and capacity items are determined and completed post route determination and computed or accessed in parallel making this information available for a final call set up. If this information is adverse the call is immediately terminated. In one aspect the processors for administrative and capacity determination are connected in a parallel manner and work concurrently.
摘要翻译：在广泛分布的数字通信网络中，呼叫延迟和最终结果是预期的（即预期的呼叫结果），在起始终端发起呼叫，并且通过信号切换到目的地终端完成呼叫，并通过减少相关的数量网络控制器和集线器之间的消息传输是完成呼叫连接的管理改进的平衡所必需的。在执行诸如认证，访问控制，带宽可用性等的管理步骤之前，立即完成用于将呼叫轨迹设置到目的地集线器的路由步骤。在初步呼叫建立之后的管理细化以分配方式执行。管理和容量项目确定并完成路线后确定并且并行计算或访问，使得该信息可用于最终呼叫建立。如果该信息不利，则呼叫立即终止。一方面，用于管理和容量确定的处理器以并行方式连接并同时工作。

2. 发明授权

US06188905B1 Intelligent dynamic channel allocation scheme for a mobile communications network 失效
标题翻译：用于移动通信网络的智能动态信道分配方案
公开(公告)号：US06188905B1
公开(公告)日：2001-02-13
申请号：US08941043
申请日：1997-09-30
申请人： Ashok N. Rudrapatna , Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
发明人： Ashok N. Rudrapatna , Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
IPC分类号： H04Q722
CPC分类号： H04W28/26 , H04W8/18 , H04W24/00 , H04W36/245 , H04W36/32 , H04W72/048
摘要： Intelligent allocation of wireless resources can help avoid the problems of dropped calls in a mobile communications network. A service for allocating resources is designed to develop profiles of subscribers' mobility. That is, profiles are developed for routes, traveled by subscribers at certain days and times. For example, some subscribers commute to and from work at relatively fixed times. By compiling this information in the profile and tracking the movement of the subscriber, the mobile network can anticipate the subscriber's movement into a next cell. Thus, wireless resources in the next cell can be reserved prior to the anticipated handover of an ongoing call involving the subscriber. Thus, uninterrupted service can be maintained and dropped calls can be avoided.
摘要翻译：无线资源的智能分配可以帮助避免移动通信网络中掉话的问题。用于分配资源的服务旨在开发用户流动性的配置文件。也就是说，个人资料是针对路线开发的，由用户在某些日子和时间旅行。例如，一些用户在相对固定的时间上下班。通过在配置文件中编译该信息并跟踪用户的移动，移动网络可以预期用户进入下一个小区。因此，可以在涉及用户的正在进行的呼叫的预期切换之前保留下一个小区中的无线资源。因此，可以保持不间断的服务，并且可以避免掉话。

3. 发明授权

US6052598A Method for predicting the location of a mobile station in a mobile communications network 失效
标题翻译：用于预测移动台在移动通信网络中的位置的方法
公开(公告)号：US6052598A
公开(公告)日：2000-04-18
申请号：US941231
申请日：1997-09-30
申请人： Ashok N. Rudrapatna , Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
发明人： Ashok N. Rudrapatna , Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
IPC分类号： H04W64/00 , H04Q7/20
CPC分类号： H04W64/00 , H04W4/028
摘要： The approximate position of a mobile station in a cell can be predicted by measuring the signal strength between the mobile station and the base station of the cell in which it is located and the base stations of the neighboring cells. After a series of instantaneous signal strength measurements have been collected, the velocity and direction of the mobile unit can be determined. Based on the velocity and direction of the mobile unit, future locations of the mobile unit can be predicted including the projected signal strength between the mobile station and the base stations of the cell in which it is located and neighboring cells. Analyzing the projected signal strength values, the time when the mobile unit will require handover to a neighboring cell can be determined and if desired, resources in a neighboring cell can be allocated in anticipation of the mobile unit being handed over to that cell. New signal strength measurements are periodically collected and new projections are made to increase the accuracy of the estimate of when handover will occur and to what neighboring cell.
摘要翻译：移动站在小区中的大致位置可以通过测量移动站与其所在的小区的基站与相邻小区的基站之间的信号强度来预测。在收集了一系列瞬时信号强度测量之后，可以确定移动单元的速度和方向。基于移动单元的速度和方向，可以预测移动单元的未来位置，包括移动站与其所在的小区的基站和相邻小区之间的投影信号强度。分析投影信号强度值，可以确定移动单元需要切换到相邻小区的时间，并且如果需要，可以分配相邻小区中的资源以预期移动单元被切换到该小区。定期收集新的信号强度测量值，并进行新的预测，以提高切换发生时估计的准确度以及相邻小区的估计精度。

4. 发明授权

US5950134A Method and apparatus for spatial redundancy in cellular networks 失效
标题翻译：蜂窝网络空间冗余的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5950134A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-07
申请号：US925446
申请日：1997-09-08
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Prathima Agrawal
IPC分类号： H04W36/32 , H04W72/04 , H04Q7/38
CPC分类号： H04W36/32
摘要： A cellular network includes a mobile switching center and a network of cells through which one or more mobile stations can move. Each of the cells is managed by a base station, while a plurality of base stations are controlled by a control processor within the mobile switching center. Spare stations are introduced at strategic locations in the cellular network. As mobile stations move through the network of cells communicating with various base stations and spare stations the mobile switching center receives reports from spare stations relating to the status of various parameters characterizing conditions within the network of cells. The mobile switching center determines the position and velocity of mobile stations moving through the network of cells based on incoming reports. The assignment of a call associated with a mobile station can be changed from a base station to a spare station, and can then be changed from the spare station to another base station if the base station fails or becomes overloaded.
摘要翻译：蜂窝网络包括移动交换中心和一个或多个移动站可以移动的小区网络。每个小区由基站管理，而多个基站由移动交换中心内的控制处理器控制。备用站在蜂窝网络的战略位置引入。随着移动站移动通过与各种基站和备用站进行通信的小区网络，移动交换中心从备用站接收与表示网孔内的条件的各种参数的状态有关的报告。移动交换中心根据传入的报告确定移动台通过小区网络移动的位置和速度。与移动站相关联的呼叫的分配可以从基站改变到备用站，并且如果基站发生故障或变得过载，则可以将其从备用站改变到另一个基站。

5. 发明申请

US20120027409A1 FEMTOCELL-BASED MESH NETWORK WITH OPTICAL INTERCONNECT FOR 4-G MULTIMEDIA COMMUNICATIONS 有权
标题翻译：基于FEMTOCELL的网络与光纤互连4G多媒体通信
公开(公告)号：US20120027409A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US12951973
申请日：2010-11-22
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Nishan S. Weragama , Hailong Li
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Nishan S. Weragama , Hailong Li
IPC分类号： H04B10/20
CPC分类号： H04B10/1129 , H04B10/1149
摘要： A network architecture for integrating a 4G wireless mesh network (WMN) with a 3-G network in order to effectively support multimedia communication is described. In one embodiment of the present invention, a wireless mesh network system comprises a plurality of routers each having a wireless optical interface; at least one base station having Internet backhaul and connecting to a wireless optical device; a computer media storing instructions for assigning at least one of the plurality of routers to act as an Internet gateway via said base station; wherein said assigned router and said base station communicating via a link between wireless optical interface of said assigned router and the wireless optical device connected to said base station, and said link is line-of-sight.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于将4G无线网状网络（WMN）与3G网络集成以便有效支持多媒体通信的网络架构。在本发明的一个实施例中，无线网状网络系统包括多个路由器，每个路由器均具有无线光接口; 具有因特网回程并连接到无线光学设备的至少一个基站; 存储用于分配所述多个路由器中的至少一个路由器以经由所述基站充当因特网网关的指令的计算机媒体; 其中所述分配的路由器和所述基站经由所述分配的路由器的无线光接口与连接到所述基站的无线光学设备之间的链路通信，并且所述链路是视线。

6. 发明授权

US08050409B2 Threshold and identity-based key management and authentication for wireless ad hoc networks 有权
公开(公告)号：US08050409B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-01
申请号：US11098250
申请日：2005-04-04
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Hongmei Deng , Anindo Mukherjee
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Hongmei Deng , Anindo Mukherjee
IPC分类号： H04L9/08
CPC分类号： H04L63/06 , H04L9/083 , H04L9/085 , H04L9/30 , H04L9/321 , H04L9/3263 , H04L9/3271 , H04L63/08 , H04L2209/80 , H04W12/04 , H04W12/06 , H04W84/18
摘要： As various applications of wireless ad hoc network have been proposed, security has become one of the big research challenges and is receiving increasing attention. The present invention provides for a distributed key management and authentication approach by deploying the recently developed concepts of identity-based cryptography and threshold secret sharing. Without any assumption of pre-fixed trust relationship between nodes, the ad hoc network works in a self-organizing way to provide the key generation and key management service, which effectively solves the problem of single point of failure in the traditional public key infrastructure (PKI)-supported system. The identity-based cryptography mechanism provided not only to provide end-to-end authenticity and confidentiality, but also saves network bandwidth and computational power of wireless nodes.

7. 发明申请

US20080117850A1 Dual Mode Wireless Personal Area Network and Wireless Local Area Network Architecture 审中-公开
标题翻译：双模无线个人区域网络和无线局域网架构
公开(公告)号：US20080117850A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-22
申请号：US11929172
申请日：2007-10-30
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Carlos Cordeiro
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Carlos Cordeiro
IPC分类号： G08C17/00 , H04B7/14
CPC分类号： H04W88/06 , H04W52/0216 , H04W52/0219 , Y02D70/142 , Y02D70/144 , Y02D70/22
摘要： Dual mode wireless radio chip having integrated circuitry enabled to provide a wireless personal area network protocol layer; a wireless local area network protocol layer; and a radio access control protocol layer having a single antenna configured to receive and forward a plurality of transmission packets and to multiplex the wireless personal area network protocol layer and the wireless local area network protocol layer by placing the wireless personal protocol layer and the wireless local area network protocol layer in one or more plurality of operational modes.
摘要翻译：具有能够提供无线个域网协议层的集成电路的双模无线射频芯片; 无线局域网协议层; 以及无线电接入控制协议层，其具有被配置为接收和转发多个传输分组的单个天线，并且通过放置无线个人协议层和无线局域网来复用无线个人区域网协议层和无线局域网协议层一个或多个多个操作模式中的区域网络协议层。

8. 发明授权

US07096359B2 Authentication scheme for ad hoc and sensor wireless networks 有权
公开(公告)号：US07096359B2
公开(公告)日：2006-08-22
申请号：US09797263
申请日：2001-03-01
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Lakshmi Venkataraman
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Lakshmi Venkataraman
IPC分类号： H04L9/00
CPC分类号： H04L63/0428 , G06Q20/3674 , H04L63/062 , H04L63/08 , H04L63/123
摘要： Strong authentication of packets sent between nodes of different clusters in a two-tier ad hoc network is provided by the cluster heads. Each cluster head authenticates nodes that enter the cluster. Thereafter, when a sending node requests a session from its cluster head with a receiving node in another cluster, the cluster head negotiates a session secret key (SSK) with the corresponding cluster head of the receiving node. Further, the cluster head provides authentication tags for the sending node to use with each packet. Each authentication tag is time-stamped, digitally signed by the cluster head, encrypted with the SSK, and includes indicators of message integrity, including a sequence number and TCP header field of checksum. The sending node further calculates a check result from a number of the authentication tags, encrypted with the SSK, so that the receiving node can authenticate the number of packets.

9. 发明授权

US08948599B2 Femtocell-based mesh network with optical interconnect for 4-G multimedia communications 有权
标题翻译：基于毫微微蜂窝的网状网络，具有用于4-G多媒体通信的光学互连
公开(公告)号：US08948599B2
公开(公告)日：2015-02-03
申请号：US12951973
申请日：2010-11-22
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Nishan S. Weragama , Hailong Li
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal , Nishan S. Weragama , Hailong Li
IPC分类号： H04B10/00 , H04B10/112 , H04B10/114
CPC分类号： H04B10/1129 , H04B10/1149
摘要： A network architecture for integrating a 4G wireless mesh network (WMN) with a 3-G network in order to effectively support multimedia communication is described. In one embodiment of the present invention, a wireless mesh network system comprises a plurality of routers each having a wireless optical interface; at least one base station having Internet backhaul and connecting to a wireless optical device; a computer media storing instructions for assigning at least one of the plurality of routers to act as an Internet gateway via said base station; wherein said assigned router and said base station communicating via a link between wireless optical interface of said assigned router and the wireless optical device connected to said base station, and said link is line-of-sight.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于将4G无线网状网络（WMN）与3G网络集成以便有效支持多媒体通信的网络架构。在本发明的一个实施例中，无线网状网络系统包括多个路由器，每个路由器均具有无线光接口; 具有因特网回程并连接到无线光学设备的至少一个基站; 存储用于分配所述多个路由器中的至少一个路由器以经由所述基站充当因特网网关的指令的计算机媒体; 其中所述分配的路由器和所述基站经由所述分配的路由器的无线光接口与连接到所述基站的无线光学设备之间的链路通信，并且所述链路是视线。

10. 发明申请

US20110234384A1 APPARATUS FOR INSTANTANEOUS TRANSLATION OF SIGN LANGUAGE 有权
标题翻译：用于瞬时翻译标志语言的设备
公开(公告)号：US20110234384A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：US12831230
申请日：2010-07-06
申请人： Dharma P. Agrawal
发明人： Dharma P. Agrawal
IPC分类号： H04Q5/22
CPC分类号： H04Q9/00 , G09B21/009 , G09B21/02 , H04Q2209/47 , H04Q2209/82
摘要： An apparatus for instantaneously translating sign language in to voice and video is introduced. The present invention uses accelerometer sensors to compute the position and movement of each finger, thereby instantaneously determining the posture of the hand. The location of fingers with respect to body is accurately determined by placing RFID tags at different parts of the body while a single RFID reader is placed on the index finger. Data from accelerometer sensors and RFID reader are multiplexed and sent wirelessly via a controller to a laptop processor where ultimate conversion of sign language to text/voice is achieved. Further, various characteristics of sign language comprising hand position, hand posture, hand orientation and hand movement are detected based on the accelerometer data and RFID data.
摘要翻译：引入了将手语瞬间翻译成语音和视频的装置。本发明使用加速计传感器来计算每个手指的位置和移动，从而瞬间确定手的姿势。通过将RFID标签放置在身体的不同部位，同时将单个RFID阅读器放置在食指上，来准确地确定手指相对于身体的位置。来自加速度计传感器和RFID读取器的数据被多路复用并通过控制器无线发送到笔记本处理器，其中实现了手语到文本/语音的最终转换。此外，基于加速度计数据和RFID数据来检测包括手位置，手姿势，手取向和手移动的手语的各种特征。

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