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1. 发明授权

US4940073A Mold for casting a single crystal metal article 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造单晶金属制品的模具
公开(公告)号：US4940073A
公开(公告)日：1990-07-10
申请号：US382729
申请日：1989-07-19
申请人： Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham , John E. Brokloff , Louis H. Monte
发明人： Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham , John E. Brokloff , Louis H. Monte
IPC分类号： C30B11/00
CPC分类号： C30B11/002
摘要： A single crystal selector has a passage into which a plurality of crystals grow from a starter cavity and from which a single crystal emerges into an article mold cavity. The single crystal selector passage includes a linear lower vertical portion which extends upwardly away from an end portion on the starter cavity. A linear vertical upper portion of the selector passage extends downwardly from a lower end portion of the article mold cavity. A single bend portion of the selector passage extends between the upper and lower portions of the selector passage. A support element extends upwardly from a lower section of the selector to an upper section of the selector to at least partially support a single bend section of the selector. The single bend portion of the selector passage has a generally circular cross sectional configuration with a diameter which is less than 0.25 inches. The single bend portion of the selector passage extends sidewardly for a distance which is at least 1.5 times the diameter of the selector passage.
摘要翻译：单个晶体选择器具有多个晶体从起动器腔体生长并从其中单晶体出现到制品模具腔中的通道。单晶选择器通道包括从启动器腔体上的端部向上延伸的线性下垂直部分。选择通道的直线垂直上部从制品模腔的下端部向下延伸。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分在选择器通道的上部和下部之间延伸。支撑元件从选择器的下部向上延伸到选择器的上部，以至少部分地支撑选择器的单个弯曲部分。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分具有直径小于0.25英寸的大致圆形的横截面形状。选择器通道的单个弯曲部分侧向延伸的距离至少为选择器通道直径的1.5倍。

2. 发明授权

US5062468A Mold and method for casting a single crystal metal article 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造单晶金属制品的模具和方法
公开(公告)号：US5062468A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US547287
申请日：1990-07-03
申请人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： C30B11/00
CPC分类号： C30B11/002
摘要： A mold structure includes an article mold having a mold cavity with a configuration corresponding to the configuration of the article to be cast. A starter section contains a starter cavity in which a plurality of crystals form. A crystal selector has a passage which extends between an upper end of the starter cavity and a lower end of the article mold cavity. To promote the growth in the crystal selector passage of a crystal having primary and secondary orientations corresponding to selected primary and secondary orientations of the article, the crystal selector passage has a portion which slopes downwardly in the direction of solidification of metal along the crystal selector passage. Without the use of a seed crystal, the cast article will have a secondary orientation axis which is almost always within plus or minus 30 degrees of a selected secondary orientation axis. Through the use of a seed crystal, the secondary orientation axis of the cast article will correspond to the selected secondary orientation axis.
摘要翻译：模具结构包括具有模具腔的制品模具，其具有对应于待铸造制品的构造的构造。起动器部分包括其中形成多个晶体的起动器腔。晶体选择器具有在起动器腔的上端和制品模腔的下端之间延伸的通道。为了促进具有对应于制品的选定一次取向和二次取向的一次取向和二次取向的晶体的晶体选择器通道的生长，晶体选择器通道具有沿金属凝固方向沿着晶体选择器通道向下倾斜的部分。不使用晶种，铸造制品将具有二次取向轴，其几乎总是在所选择的二次取向轴的正或负30度内。通过使用晶种，铸造制品的次要取向轴将对应于所选择的二次取向轴。

3. 发明授权

US5062469A Mold and method for casting a single crystal metal article 失效
标题翻译：用于铸造单晶金属制品的模具和方法
公开(公告)号：US5062469A
公开(公告)日：1991-11-05
申请号：US542436
申请日：1990-06-22
申请人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Louis H. Monte , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： C30B11/00
CPC分类号： C30B11/002
摘要： A mold is used to cast an article as a single crystal having selected primary and secondary orientations. The mold includes an article mold having a configuration corresponding to the configuration of the article to be cast. A starter section contains a starter cavity in which one or more crystals form. A seed crystal is disposed in the starter cavity. A crystal selector has a passage which extends between an upper end of the starter and a lower end of the article mold. To promote the growth in the crystal selector passage of a crystal having primary and secondary orientations corresponding to the selected primary and secondary orientations of the article, the longitudinal central axis of the crystal selector passage is disposed in a single plane which is parallel to a plane containing the selected primary orientation axis of the single crystal article and the selected secondary orientation axis of the single crystal article.
摘要翻译：使用模具将物品浇铸成具有选择的一次和二次取向的单晶。模具包括具有对应于待铸造制品的构造的构造的制品模具。起动器部分包含其中形成一种或多种晶体的起动器腔。籽晶设置在起动器腔中。晶体选择器具有在起动器的上端和制品模具的下端之间延伸的通道。为了促进晶体选择器通道中的晶体选择器通道的生长，其具有对应于所选择的一次和二次取向的一次和二次取向的晶体选择器通道，晶体选择器通道的纵向中心轴线设置在平行于平面的单个平面中包含单晶制品的选定的主取向轴和单晶制品的选定的次取向轴。

4. 发明授权

US4862947A Method of casting an article 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法
公开(公告)号：US4862947A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-05
申请号：US227544
申请日：1988-08-02
申请人： Robert A. Horton , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Robert A. Horton , Arunachalam Jeyarajan , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C3/00 , C30B11/00
CPC分类号： B22C3/00 , C30B11/002
摘要： An improved mold has a coating of material having a relatively high emissivity. The surface of the coating has an emissivity which is at least twice as great as the emissivity of the surface of the ceramic mold material. When the mold is removed from a furnace chamber, the surface of the coating radiates heat at a relatively high rate. In one embodiment of the invention, the coating is applied to only a portion of the surface of a ceramic mold. In another embodiment of the invention, the coating of material having a relatively high emissivity is applied to only a portion of a crystal selector on a mold for a single crystal article. The relatively high rate of radiation of heat from the coated portion of the crystal selector increases the rate of growth of an adjacent single crystal grain. If desired, the entire mold can be covered with the coating of material having a relatively high emissivity. The coating of material having a high emissivity may be formed of graphite.
摘要翻译：改进的模具具有具有较高发射率的材料涂层。涂层表面的发射率至少是陶瓷模具材料表面发射率的两倍。当模具从炉室中取出时，涂层的表面以相对高的速率辐射热量。在本发明的一个实施例中，涂层仅施加到陶瓷模具的表面的一部分上。在本发明的另一实施例中，具有较高发射率的材料涂层仅施加于单晶制品用模具上的晶体选择器的一部分。来自晶体选择器的涂覆部分的相对较高的热辐射率增加了相邻单晶粒的生长速率。如果需要，整个模具可以被具有较高发射率的材料涂层覆盖。具有高发射率的材料的涂层可以由石墨形成。

5. 发明授权

US08091610B2 Method and apparatus for removing core material 有权
标题翻译：去除芯材的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US08091610B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-10
申请号：US12166468
申请日：2008-07-02
申请人： Lawrence D. Graham , Michael Capek
发明人： Lawrence D. Graham , Michael Capek
IPC分类号： B22D29/00
CPC分类号： B22D29/002
摘要： Core material is removed from a passage in a casting by exposing at least a portion of the core material in the passage to a leaching liquid. At least a portion of the core material in the passage is exposed to a gas. An opening to passage is exposed to a gas. At least a portion of the leaching liquid in the passage is boiled while the opening to the passage is exposed to a gas. At least a portion of the leaching liquid is expelled from the passage in the casting by the boiling action. To expose at least a portion of the core material in a passage to a leaching liquid, a flow of leaching liquid is conducted from a reservoir container to an operating container in which the casting is disposed. To expose at least a portion of the core material in the passage to a gas, a flow of leaching liquid is conducted from the operating container to the reservoir container.
摘要翻译：通过将通道中的芯材的至少一部分暴露于浸出液体，从铸件中的通道中除去芯材。通道中的芯材的至少一部分暴露于气体。一个通道的通道暴露在气体中。通道中的至少一部分浸出液被煮沸，而通道的开口暴露于气体。至少一部分浸出液体通过沸腾作用从铸件中的通道排出。为了将通道中的芯材的至少一部分暴露于浸出液体，将浸出液流从储存容器传送到其中设置铸件的操作容器。为了将通道中的核心材料的至少一部分暴露于气体中，浸出液体的流动从操作容器传导到储存容器。

6. 发明授权

US07905273B2 Method of forming a cast metal article 有权
标题翻译：铸造金属制品的成型方法
公开(公告)号：US07905273B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-15
申请号：US11899217
申请日：2007-09-05
申请人： Gerald C. Dodds , Jonathan Jarrabet , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Gerald C. Dodds , Jonathan Jarrabet , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C9/04
CPC分类号： B22C9/103 , B22C7/02 , B22C9/04
摘要： An unfired ceramic base core having a first coefficient of thermal expansion is provided. A core element having a second coefficient of thermal expansion is positioned in an opening formed in the unfired ceramic base core. The opening in the unfired ceramic base core is filled with a filler material having a third coefficient of thermal expansion. The third coefficient of thermal expansion is greater than the first coefficient of thermal expansion and less than the second coefficient of thermal expansion. The ceramic base core is fired without cracking the base core and without cracking the filler material. The ceramic base core contains silica and zircon and has a silica content of 70% or less and a zircon content of 30% or more. The core element may be formed of a ceramic material or a refractory metal.
摘要翻译：提供具有第一热膨胀系数的未焙烧陶瓷基底芯。具有第二热膨胀系数的芯元件位于未烧结的陶瓷基底芯中形成的开口中。在未焙烧的陶瓷基底芯中的开口填充有具有第三热膨胀系数的填充材料。第三热膨胀系数大于第一热膨胀系数，小于第二热膨胀系数。烧制陶瓷基芯不会使基体芯破裂，也不会使填料破裂。陶瓷基核含有二氧化硅和锆石，二氧化硅含量为70％以下，锆石含量为30％以上。芯元件可以由陶瓷材料或难熔金属形成。

7. 发明授权

US06827124B2 Method and apparatus for use during casting 失效
标题翻译：铸造时使用的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06827124B2
公开(公告)日：2004-12-07
申请号：US10282735
申请日：2002-10-29
申请人： Robert M. Garlock , Gary J. Vanek , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Robert M. Garlock , Gary J. Vanek , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22D2704
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： A baffle includes a base and a seal having flexible segments which engage a mold structure. The base of the baffle may have a noncircular opening in which article mold portions of the mold structure are disposed. The baffle may be connected with the furnace assembly before a mold is moved into the furnace assembly or may be connected with the furnace assembly as the mold is moved into the furnace assembly. A projection connected with the mold structure may be utilized to orient the baffle relative to the mold structure. The projection may be a thermocouple assembly which extends from the chill plate. Alternatively, the projection may be a portion of the mold structure itself.
摘要翻译：挡板包括具有接合模具结构的柔性段的基座和密封件。挡板的底部可以具有非圆形开口，模具结构的制品模具部分被设置在其中。在模具移入炉组件之前，挡板可以与炉组件连接，或者当模具移动到炉组件中时可以与炉组件相连。可以使用与模具结构连接的突起来相对于模具结构定向挡板。突起可以是从冷却板延伸的热电偶组件。或者，突起可以是模具结构本身的一部分。

8. 发明授权

US5853044A Method of casting an article 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法
公开(公告)号：US5853044A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-29
申请号：US636926
申请日：1996-04-24
申请人： Harold L. Wheaton , Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Harold L. Wheaton , Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C7/02 , B22C9/04
CPC分类号： B22C7/02 , B22C21/14 , B22C9/04
摘要： A wax article pattern having a cavity corresponding to a cavity in a metal article is provided. The cavity in the wax article pattern is filled with a slurry of ceramic core material. The slurry of ceramic core material is solidified to form a core. The wax article pattern is enclosed by ceramic mold material. The ceramic mold material is solidified to form a mold. The wax pattern is removed from the mold to leave an article mold cavity. The article mold cavity is filled with molten metal which is solidified to form the metal article. A passage in the metal article may be formed by a pin which extends from the wax article pattern into the cavity in the wax article pattern and is enclosed by the slurry of ceramic core material.
摘要翻译：提供具有与金属制品中的空腔相对应的空腔的蜡制品图案。蜡制品图案中的空腔填充有陶瓷芯材料的浆料。将陶瓷芯材料的浆料固化形成核心。蜡制品图案由陶瓷模具材料包围。陶瓷模具材料被固化以形成模具。蜡模从模具中取出以留下制品模腔。制品模具腔充满熔融金属，其被固化以形成金属制品。金属制品中的通道可以由从蜡制品图案延伸到蜡制品图案中的空腔中并由陶瓷芯材料的浆料包围的销形成。

9. 发明授权

US4673021A Method and apparatus for casting articles 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4673021A
公开(公告)日：1987-06-16
申请号：US848398
申请日：1986-03-21
申请人： Lawrence D. Graham , Richard A. Skelley , Daniel G. Fetsko , Ronald Ardo
发明人： Lawrence D. Graham , Richard A. Skelley , Daniel G. Fetsko , Ronald Ardo
IPC分类号： B22D27/04
CPC分类号： B22D27/045
摘要： An improved mold includes an upper mold section having a primary distribution system which is connected with a furnace and a lower mold section which is withdrawn from the furnace on a chill plate. A baffle plate is supported from the primary distribution system. The lower mold section includes a secondary distribution system which is connected in fluid communication with the primary distribution system at separable joints. The secondary distribution system is connected in fluid communication with article molds which are disposed in an annular array. During pouring of molten metal, reaction forces are transmitted to the chill plate from the pour cup through a support post and baffle plate. Once the article molds have been filled with molten metal, the chill plate is lowered. The primary distribution system which is connected to the furnace, remains stationary. As the article molds are withdrawn from the furnace, the baffle blocks the transfer of heat from the furnace through the central portion of the array of article molds.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US86 / 00166 Sec。 371日期1986年3月21日 102（e）1986年3月21日PCT PCT日期为1986年1月28日。改进的模具包括具有与炉连接的主分配系统的上模具部分和在炉上从罐中取出的下模具部分冷盘主分配系统支撑挡板。下模具部分包括二次分配系统，其在可分离接头处与主分配系统流体连通。二次分配系统与设置在环形阵列中的制品模具流体连通地连接。在浇注熔融金属期间，反作用力通过支撑柱和挡板从倒杯传递到冷却板。一旦制品模具已经充满熔融金属，冷却板就会下降。与炉连接的主要分配系统保持静止。当制品模具从炉中取出时，挡板阻止了来自炉的热量通过制品模具阵列的中心部分传递。

10. 发明授权

US4667728A Method and apparatus for casting articles 失效
标题翻译：铸造物品的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4667728A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-26
申请号：US854301
申请日：1986-04-21
申请人： Lawrence D. Graham
发明人： Lawrence D. Graham
IPC分类号： B22C9/08 , B22D33/04
CPC分类号： B22D33/04
摘要： In order to maintain fluid tight seals between open ended article mold cavities and a chill plate and to prevent cracking of article molds at connections with a base plate, the base plate has sections which can be moved relative to each other under the effect of thermal expansion forces transmitted from a molten metal distribution system connected with the upper ends of the article molds. The base plate may be formed as one piece with stress concentration areas. During the casting of articles, stresses in the base plate crack the base plate at the areas of stress concentration to form the separate sections of the base plate. The areas of stress concentration can be formed by slots or grooves in the base plate. The areas of stress concentration can also be formed by bodies of expansion material having a greater coefficient of thermal expansion than the ceramic material of the base plate. Upon heating of the base plate, the bodies of expansion material expand to a greater extent than the ceramic material of the base plate and crack the base plate in preselected areas which are spaced from the connections between the article molds and the base plate.
摘要翻译：为了在开放式制品模腔和冷却板之间保持流体密封，并且在与基板连接的情况下防止制品模具开裂，基板具有可在热膨胀的作用下相对于彼此移动的部分从与制品模具的上端连接的熔融金属分配系统传递的力。基板可以形成为具有应力集中区域的一体。在制品的铸造过程中，基板上的应力在应力集中区域处裂开基板，形成基板的分开部分。应力集中区域可以由基板中的槽或槽形成。应力集中的区域也可以由具有比基板的陶瓷材料更大的热膨胀系数的膨胀材料体形成。在加热基板时，膨胀材料体会比基板的陶瓷材料膨胀得更大，并且在与制品模具和基板之间的连接部分间隔开的预选区域中裂开基板。

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