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1. 发明申请

US20070264737A1 Dual layer color-center patterned light source 审中-公开
标题翻译：双层彩色中心图案光源
公开(公告)号：US20070264737A1
公开(公告)日：2007-11-15
申请号：US11827170
申请日：2007-07-11
申请人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： H01L21/02
CPC分类号： C30B29/12 , C30B23/00 , C30B33/04 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/0809 , H01S3/163 , H01S3/1681 , H01S3/2375 , H01S3/2383
摘要： A thin layer of ionic crystal is grown on a substrate. The crystal could be any type of ionic crystal, such as sodium chloride or potassium chloride. The crystal is a pure form of the chosen compound and may contain contaminants which would shift the wavelength of created color centers. On top of the first crystal layer, a second thin layer of a different type of crystal is deposited, such as lithium fluoride or sodium fluoride. When these two layers are radiated with gamma rays, they will each form color centers at the spots radiated. Because of the difference in crystalline properties of the two different ionic crystal centers, their color centers would be at different wavelengths. Each of the two separate ionic crystals will emit light at different characteristic wavelengths when illuminated at their unique absorption frequencies. Each layer can be made to lase separately. The top layer has an absorption energy greater than that of the bottom layer, so that the layer energy of the bottom layer absorption peak will pass through the top layer and be absorbed only by the bottom layer. There are many ways of forming F-centers in the two superimposed layers, such as by the use of selective gamma radiation by heating of an anion layer of the particular compound and then depositing the second ionic crystal on the first ionic crystal and then depositing an anion layer on the second crystal and then heating to produce a structure which will lase it to the different frequencies.
摘要翻译：在衬底上生长薄层的离子晶体。该晶体可以是任何类型的离子晶体，例如氯化钠或氯化钾。晶体是所选化合物的纯形式，并且可能含有污染物，这些污染物将使所产生的色心的波长发生偏移。在第一晶体层的顶部，沉积不同类型晶体的第二薄层，例如氟化锂或氟化钠。当这两层用伽马射线照射时，它们将在辐射的点处形成彩色中心。由于两个不同的离子晶体中心的晶体性质的差异，它们的色心将处于不同的波长。当以其独特的吸收频率照射时，两个分离的离子晶体中的每一个将发射不同特征波长的光。每个层可以分开制作。顶层的吸收能量大于底层的吸收能，使得底层吸收峰的层能量将通过顶层并且仅被底层吸收。在两个叠加层中形成F中心的方法有很多种，例如通过加热特定化合物的阴离子层，然后将第二离子晶体沉积在第一离子晶体上，然后沉积阴离子层在第二个晶体上，然后加热，以产生一个结构，将其延伸到不同的频率。

2. 发明申请

US20070295094A1 Apparatus for providing an output proportional to pressure divided by temperatue (P/T) 失效
标题翻译：用于提供与压力除以温度（P / T）成比例的输出的装置，
公开(公告)号：US20070295094A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-27
申请号：US11431167
申请日：2006-05-09
申请人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G01K1/14
CPC分类号： G01M3/3236 , G01L9/06
摘要： A circuit produces an output that is proportional to the molar density of gas in a chamber. The circuit employs an operational amplifier which measures the temperature using a RTD or other element that changes resistance with temperature. The RTD is placed such that it produces a decreasing current draw at the inverting input of the operational amplifier as the temperature increases. This decreasing current draw in turn produces a decreasing voltage at the output of the operational amplifier. By changing the ratio of resistors connected to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier one changes the offset of the output voltage. By changing the feedback resistor connected from the output of the operational amplifier to the inverting terminal and connecting the output of the inverting terminal to a voltage divider including the RTD device, one can change the gain with temperature. Thus the output voltage of the operational amplifier is carefully controlled to be proportional to 1/T for many different temperature scales and ranges. The output of the amplifier serves as the biasing voltage for a pressure transducer.
摘要翻译：电路产生与腔室中气体的摩尔密度成比例的输出。该电路采用运算放大器，其使用RTD或其他随温度变化的元件来测量温度。放置RTD使得它在温度升高时在运算放大器的反相输入端产生降低的电流消耗。这种减小的电流消耗又在运算放大器的输出端产生降低的电压。通过改变连接到运算放大器的同相端的电阻的比例，可以改变输出电压的偏移。通过将从运算放大器的输出端连接的反馈电阻改变为反相端子，并将反相端子的输出端连接到包括RTD器件的分压器，可以随温度改变增益。因此，对于许多不同的温度范围和范围，运算放大器的输出电压被小心地控制成与1 / T成比例。放大器的输出用作压力传感器的偏置电压。

3. 发明申请

US20070186620A1 Method and apparatus for measuring knocking in internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：用于测量内燃机爆震的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US20070186620A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-16
申请号：US11353418
申请日：2006-02-14
申请人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/221
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring knocking in internal combustion engines employs a high temperature transducer, which transducer is mounted within a cylinder. The output of the transducer is solely related to pressure. The output signal from the transducer is directed to the input of a high frequency amplifier associated with a band pass filter. In this manner the combustion signal can be filtered out and one provides a signal which is only indicative of the knocking signal and of the knocking frequencies. This signal can be analyzed simply and effectively by the use of a processor such as a multimeter or a microprocessor. In a similar manner the processor can compare the combustion and knocking signal without the band pass filtering with the knocking signal with the combustion signal filtered out.
摘要翻译：用于测量内燃机中的爆震的方法和装置采用高温换能器，该换能器安装在汽缸内。传感器的输出仅与压力有关。来自传感器的输出信号被引导到与带通滤波器相关联的高频放大器的输入。以这种方式，燃烧信号可以被滤出，并且一个提供仅指示爆震信号和爆震频率的信号。可以通过使用诸如万用表或微处理器的处理器简单有效地分析该信号。以类似的方式，处理器可以比较燃烧和爆震信号，而不用带有过滤掉燃烧信号的爆震信号的带通滤波。

4. 发明申请

US20050030991A1 Dual layer color-center patterned light source 失效
标题翻译：双层彩色中心图案光源
公开(公告)号：US20050030991A1
公开(公告)日：2005-02-10
申请号：US10934251
申请日：2004-09-03
申请人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： H01S3/16 , H01S3/23
CPC分类号： C30B29/12 , C30B23/00 , C30B33/04 , H01S3/0612 , H01S3/0809 , H01S3/163 , H01S3/1681 , H01S3/2375 , H01S3/2383
摘要： A thin layer of ionic crystal is grown on a substrate. The crystal could be any type of ionic crystal, such as sodium chloride or potassium chloride. The crystal is a pure form of the chosen compound and may contain contaminants which would shift the wavelength of created color centers. On top of the first crystal layer, a second thin layer of a different type of crystal is deposited, such as lithium fluoride or sodium fluoride. When these two layers are radiated with gamma rays, they will each form color centers at the spots radiated. Because of the difference in crystalline properties of the two different ionic crystal centers, their color centers would be at different wavelengths. Each of the two separate ionic crystals will emit light at different characteristic wavelengths when illuminated at their unique absorption frequencies. Each layer can be made to lase separately. The top layer has an absorption energy greater than that of the bottom layer, so that the layer energy of the bottom layer absorption peak will pass through the top layer and be absorbed only by the bottom layer. There are many ways of forming F-centers in the two superimposed layers, such as by the use of selective gamma radiation by heating of an anion layer of the particular compound and then depositing the second ionic crystal on the first ionic crystal and then depositing an anion layer on the second crystal and then heating to produce a structure which will lase it to the different frequencies.
摘要翻译：在衬底上生长薄层的离子晶体。该晶体可以是任何类型的离子晶体，例如氯化钠或氯化钾。晶体是所选化合物的纯形式，并且可能含有污染物，这些污染物将使所产生的色心的波长发生偏移。在第一晶体层的顶部，沉积不同类型晶体的第二薄层，例如氟化锂或氟化钠。当这两层用伽马射线照射时，它们将在辐射的点处形成彩色中心。由于两个不同的离子晶体中心的晶体性质的差异，它们的色心将处于不同的波长。当以其独特的吸收频率照射时，两个分离的离子晶体中的每一个将发射不同特征波长的光。每个层可以分开制作。顶层的吸收能量大于底层的吸收能，使得底层吸收峰的层能量将通过顶层并且仅被底层吸收。在两个叠加层中形成F中心的方法有很多种，例如通过加热特定化合物的阴离子层，然后将第二离子晶体沉积在第一离子晶体上，然后沉积阴离子层在第二个晶体上，然后加热，以产生一个结构，将其延伸到不同的频率。

5. 发明申请

US20100199775A1 Method for temperature compensation of a piezoresistive gaged metal diaphragm 有权
标题翻译：压阻式金属膜片的温度补偿方法
公开(公告)号：US20100199775A1
公开(公告)日：2010-08-12
申请号：US12322817
申请日：2009-02-06
申请人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert , Boaz Kochman
发明人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert , Boaz Kochman
IPC分类号： G01L19/04 , H01C10/10
CPC分类号： G01L9/065
摘要： There is described a temperature compensation scheme for a pressure sensitive metal diaphragm transducer. The transducer employs a Wheatstone bridge fabricated from p-type piezoresistors. The Wheatstone bridge is glassed directly onto the metal diaphragm. As the temperature of operation increases, the diaphragm exhibits a temperature variation of the Modulus of Elasticity. The Modulus of the metal diaphragm decreases with increasing temperature. Because of this, the same pressure applied to the metal diaphragm causes it to deflect further, which in turns causes increased strain applied to the bridge. Because of this effect, the sensitivity of the transducer increases with increasing temperature. A resistor is now placed in series with the Wheatstone bridge. The resistor is in series with the biasing voltage and because the TCS of the diaphragm is of an opposite sign, the series resistor has an even higher TCR in series with the bridge. In this manner, the bridge voltage is made to decrease with increasing temperature. Due to the fact that the bridge voltage decreases with increasing temperature the change in voltage compensates for the change in the Modulus of the metal diaphragm and therefore provides an accurate output at all temperatures.
摘要翻译：描述了压敏金属隔膜换能器的温度补偿方案。传感器采用由p型压阻电阻制造的惠斯通电桥。惠斯通电桥直接在金属隔膜上玻璃化。随着操作温度的升高，隔膜呈现弹性模量的温度变化。金属隔膜的模量随着温度的升高而降低。因此，施加到金属隔膜上的相同的压力导致其进一步偏转，这又导致施加到桥的应变增加。由于这种影响，传感器的灵敏度随着温度的升高而增加。电阻器现在与惠斯通电桥串联放置。电阻与偏置电压串联，并且由于隔膜的TCS具有相反的符号，所以串联电阻具有与桥连接的更高的TCR。以这种方式，使电桥电压随着温度的升高而降低。由于桥接电压随着温度升高而降低，所以电压的变化补偿了金属隔膜的模量的变化，因此在所有的温度下提供了精确的输出。

6. 发明授权

US07448254B2 Method and apparatus for measuring knocking in internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：用于测量内燃机爆震的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07448254B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-11
申请号：US11353418
申请日：2006-02-14
申请人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G01L23/22
CPC分类号： G01L23/221
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring knocking in internal combustion engines employs a high temperature transducer, which transducer is mounted within a cylinder. The output of the transducer is solely related to pressure. The output signal from the transducer is directed to the input of a high frequency amplifier associated with a band pass filter. In this manner the combustion signal can be filtered out and one provides a signal which is only indicative of the knocking signal and of the knocking frequencies. This signal can be analyzed simply and effectively by the use of a processor such as a multimeter or a microprocessor. In a similar manner the processor can compare the combustion and knocking signal without the band pass filtering with the knocking signal with the combustion signal filtered out.
摘要翻译：用于测量内燃机中的爆震的方法和装置采用高温换能器，该换能器安装在汽缸内。传感器的输出仅与压力有关。来自传感器的输出信号被引导到与带通滤波器相关联的高频放大器的输入。以这种方式，燃烧信号可以被滤出，并且一个提供仅指示爆震信号和爆震频率的信号。可以通过使用诸如万用表或微处理器的处理器简单有效地分析该信号。以类似的方式，处理器可以比较燃烧和爆震信号，而不用带有过滤掉燃烧信号的爆震信号的带通滤波。

7. 发明申请

US20120029847A1 HIGH TEMPERATURE, HIGH BANDWIDTH PRESSURE ACQUISITION SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：高温，高带宽压力采集系统
公开(公告)号：US20120029847A1
公开(公告)日：2012-02-02
申请号：US13253139
申请日：2011-10-05
申请人： ANTHONY D. KURTZ , Alexander A. Ned , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： ANTHONY D. KURTZ , Alexander A. Ned , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01L9/065 , G01L15/00 , G01M9/06
摘要： A system for measuring a multiplicity of pressures as those experienced by a model in a wind tunnel is depicted. The system includes individual sensor devices which are connected to an electronics module. The sensors may be connected to the electronics module via a cable in a first embodiment. In an alternate embodiment, the sensors may be connected to the electronics module via a mating connector located therebetween. A memory component which stores compensation coefficients associated with each of the sensors may also be included in the system to correct errors associated with each sensor. The advantage of the various embodiments is that each sensor does not have any compensation stored thereon and thus, the sensors can be made very small to operate at very high temperatures without any loss of accuracy.
摘要翻译：描绘了一种用于测量如风洞中的模型所经历的多种压力的系统。该系统包括连接到电子模块的各个传感器装置。在第一实施例中，传感器可以经由电缆连接到电子模块。在替代实施例中，传感器可以经由位于其间的匹配连接器连接到电子模块。存储与每个传感器相关联的补偿系数的存储器组件也可以被包括在系统中以校正与每个传感器相关联的错误。各种实施例的优点是每个传感器不存在其上的任何补偿，因此，可以使传感器非常小以在非常高的温度下操作而没有任何精度的损失。

8. 发明授权

US07347098B2 Apparatus for providing an output proportional to pressure divided by temperature (P/T) 失效
标题翻译：用于提供与压力除以温度（P / T）成正比的输出的装置
公开(公告)号：US07347098B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-25
申请号：US11431167
申请日：2006-05-09
申请人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G01L7/00
CPC分类号： G01M3/3236 , G01L9/06
摘要： A circuit produces an output that is proportional to the molar density of gas in a chamber. The circuit employs an operational amplifier which measures the temperature using a RTD or other element that changes resistance with temperature. The RTD is placed such that it produces a decreasing current draw at the inverting input of the operational amplifier as the temperature increases. This decreasing current draw in turn produces a decreasing voltage at the output of the operational amplifier. By changing the ratio of resistors connected to the non-inverting terminal of the operational amplifier one changes the offset of the output voltage. By changing the feedback resistor connected from the output of the operational amplifier to the inverting terminal and connecting the output of the inverting terminal to a voltage divider including the RTD device, one can change the gain with temperature. Thus the output voltage of the operational amplifier is carefully controlled to be proportional to 1/T for many different temperature scales and ranges. The output of the amplifier serves as the biasing voltage for a pressure transducer.
摘要翻译：电路产生与腔室中气体的摩尔密度成比例的输出。该电路采用运算放大器，其使用RTD或其他随温度变化的元件来测量温度。放置RTD使得它在温度升高时在运算放大器的反相输入端产生降低的电流消耗。这种减小的电流消耗又在运算放大器的输出端产生降低的电压。通过改变连接到运算放大器的同相端的电阻的比例，可以改变输出电压的偏移。通过将从运算放大器的输出端连接的反馈电阻改变为反相端子，并将反相端子的输出端连接到包括RTD器件的分压器，可以随温度改变增益。因此，对于许多不同的温度范围和范围，运算放大器的输出电压被小心地控制成与1 / T成比例。放大器的输出用作压力传感器的偏置电压。

9. 发明授权

US08061213B2 High temperature, high bandwidth pressure acquisition system 有权
标题翻译：高温，高带宽压力采集系统
公开(公告)号：US08061213B2
公开(公告)日：2011-11-22
申请号：US12321521
申请日：2009-01-22
申请人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Alexander A. Ned , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Alexander A. Ned , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： G01L9/06
CPC分类号： G01L9/00 , G01L9/065 , G01L15/00 , G01M9/06
摘要： A system for measuring a multiplicity of pressures as those experienced by a model in a wind tunnel is depicted. The system includes individual sensor devices which are connected to an Acquisition and Compensation electronics module. The individual sensor or transducer devices are semiconductor piezoresistive devices and are connected to the Acquisition and Compensation electronics module by means of a cable in a first embodiment. In an alternate embodiment the system uses connectors which connect each of the individual sensor devices to the Acquisition and Compensation electronics module via a mating connector located therein. The connectors may also include a memory which stores compensation coefficients associated with each of the various sensor devices. In this manner as described, the transducers which are small devices are connected via electrical lines or cables to the central Acquisition and Compensation electronics modules. This module houses electronics which digitally converts the data from the sensors and then compensates the data for temperature effects. The advantage of the system is that each individual sensor does not have any compensation and it can be made very small to operate at very high temperatures without any loss of accuracy. Thus, a large number of sensors can be utilized in a very small volume, even under extreme environmental conditions. It is noted that the Acquisition and Compensation electronics module can be located remotely in a safe environment outside of the wind tunnel and therefore respond extremely accurately to the pressure and temperatures subjected by the model in the wind tunnel.
摘要翻译：描绘了一种用于测量如风洞中的模型所经历的多种压力的系统。该系统包括连接到采集和补偿电子模块的各个传感器设备。单独的传感器或换能器装置是半导体压阻器件，并且在第一实施例中通过电缆连接到采集和补偿电子模块。在替代实施例中，系统使用通过位于其中的匹配连接器将各个传感器设备中的每一个连接到采集和补偿电子模块的连接器。连接器还可以包括存储器，其存储与各种传感器装置中的每一个相关联的补偿系数。以这种方式，小型设备的换能器通过电线或电缆连接到中央采集和补偿电子模块。该模块内置电子设备，数字转换传感器的数据，然后补偿温度影响的数据。该系统的优点是每个传感器不具有任何补偿，并且可以使其非常小以在非常高的温度下工作，而不会有任何的精度损失。因此，即使在极端的环境条件下，也可以以非常小的体积使用大量的传感器。需要注意的是，采集和补偿电子模块可以远程位于风洞外的安全环境中，因此对风洞中模型所承受的压力和温度非常准确地做出反应。

10. 发明授权

US07964807B2 Pressure switch employing silicon on insulator (SOI) technology 有权
标题翻译：采用绝缘体绝缘体（SOI）技术的压力开关
公开(公告)号：US07964807B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US11903450
申请日：2007-09-21
申请人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
发明人： Anthony D. Kurtz , Joseph Van DeWeert
IPC分类号： H01H9/00
CPC分类号： H01H35/34 , G01L1/18 , G01L1/20 , H01H1/0036 , H01H35/2657 , H01H2001/0084
摘要： A pressure switch employs semiconductor silicon on insulator (SOI) technology and utilizes a first silicon wafer with a deflecting diaphragm having two metal contacts deposited thereon. Secured to the silicon wafer is a glass wafer having a central aperture defining a deflecting region. Positioned on the glass wafer is third metal contact positioned to receive the two contacts deposited on the silicon wafer when a predetermined pressure is applied. As predetermined pressure is applied, the contacts on the silicon wafer will touch the contact on the glass wafer and a connection will be made between the silicon wafer contacts to create a low impedance path between the two contacts.
摘要翻译：压力开关采用绝缘体上半导体（SOI）技术，并且利用具有沉积有两个金属触点的偏转膜的第一硅晶片。安装到硅晶片的是具有限定偏转区域的中心孔的玻璃晶片。位于玻璃晶片上的是第三金属触点，定位成当施加预定压力时接收沉积在硅晶片上的两个触点。当施加预定压力时，硅晶片上的触点将接触玻璃晶片上的触点，并且将在硅晶片触点之间形成连接，以在两个触点之间产生低阻抗路径。

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