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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Microfocus X-ray tube with optical spot size sensing means
    • 具有光斑尺寸感应装置的微焦X射线管
    • US4979199A
    • 1990-12-18
    • US429743
    • 1989-10-31
    • Michael K. CuemanLewis J. Thomas, IIICasmir R. TrzaskosAugust D. MatulaMichael J. Austin
    • Michael K. CuemanLewis J. Thomas, IIICasmir R. TrzaskosAugust D. MatulaMichael J. Austin
    • G01B15/00H01J35/02H01J35/14H05G1/26H05G1/36H05G1/52
    • H05G1/26H01J35/14H05G1/36H05G1/52
    • A microfocus X-ray tube has an anode that emits X-rays and, a biproduct of its waste heat, visible and near infrared light. This invention uses the biproduct light to adjust and maintain the focus of the electron beam and enhance the performance of the X-ray tube as a point source of X-rays. Only the light is reflected by a mirror along a path in which a viewport is placed in the tube envelope. An sensor, e.g., a photodiode, or television camera, is placed in the path. A display means, e.g., a television display, meter, etc., can be connected to the sensing means to display the emitting spot of the anode or the amplitude of the emission. The focus of the X-ray tube is assured by observing the biproduct light and adjusting the electron beam to either minimize the size of the glowing spot or maximizing its apparent brightness. A method for use with an emitter of first and second types of radiation comprises reflecting only the second type of radiation, and sensing the reflected radiation. A microfocus X-ray tube features a mirror for reflecting light but not X-rays. A viewport such as quartz can be disposed in the path of the reflected light in the tube envelope.
    • 微焦点X射线管具有发射X射线的阳极和其余热的可见光和近红外光的二次产物。 本发明使用双色光调节和保持电子束的焦点,并增强作为X射线点的X射线管的性能。 只有光沿着视口被放置在管外壳中的路径被反射镜反射。 诸如光电二极管或电视摄像机的传感器被放置在路径中。 诸如电视显示器,仪表等的显示装置可以连接到感测装置以显示阳极的发射点或发射的幅度。 通过观察二元光并调整电子束来确保X射线管的焦点,以使发光斑点的尺寸最小化或使其表观亮度最大化。 用于第一和第二类型辐射的发射器的方法包括仅反射第二类型的辐射并且感测反射的辐射。 微焦点X射线管具有用于反射光而不是X射线的反射镜。 诸如石英的视口可以设置在管外壳中的反射光的路径中。
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Trailer couplings
    • 拖车联轴器
    • US4241936A
    • 1980-12-30
    • US937205
    • 1978-08-28
    • John A. CarruthersMichael J. Austin
    • John A. CarruthersMichael J. Austin
    • B60D1/06
    • B60D1/065Y10T70/5982
    • A trailer coupling part which comprises a housing with a ball entry opening in the housing through which in use a towing ball is entered into the housing to complete the trailer coupling. A lever, provided with a handle, is pivotal in the housing between open and closed positions. A tongue, complementary contoured to the shape of the towing ball, is pivotal on the lever. When the towing ball is in position within the housing and the lever is in its closed position, the tongue contacts the towing ball to retain the latter in position within the housing. In the absence of a towing ball within the housing, and with the lever in an open position, the tongue automatically pivots through the ball entry opening in the housing. Moving the lever to the closed position causes the tongue to take up a position closing the ball entry opening.
    • 一种拖车联接部件,其包括在壳体中具有球进入开口的壳体,在使用中,牵引球通过该壳体进入壳体以完成拖车联轴器。 设置有把手的杠杆在敞开和关闭位置之间在壳体中枢转。 与牵引球形状互补的舌头在杠杆上是枢轴的。 当牵引球处于壳体内的位置并且杆处于其关闭位置时,舌片接触牵引球以将其保持在壳体内的适当位置。 在壳体内不存在牵引球的情况下,当杠杆处于打开位置时,舌头通过壳体中的球进入口自动枢转。 将杠杆移动到关闭位置使得舌头占据关闭球进入口的位置。