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1. 发明申请

US20050097991A1 Methods and apparatuses for producing metallic compositions via reduction of metal halides 有权
公开(公告)号：US20050097991A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-12
申请号：US10913688
申请日：2004-08-06
申请人： Angel Sanjurjo , Eugene Thiers , Kai-Hung Lau , Don Hildenbrand , Gopala Krishnan , Esperanza Alvarez
发明人： Angel Sanjurjo , Eugene Thiers , Kai-Hung Lau , Don Hildenbrand , Gopala Krishnan , Esperanza Alvarez
IPC分类号： B22F9/22 , C22B5/12 , C22B5/16 , C22B34/12 , C22B34/22
CPC分类号： C22B34/1286 , C22B5/12 , C22B34/22
摘要： Methods and apparatuses for producing a solid metallic composition by reacting a gaseous metal halide with a reducing agent are described. The method generally includes reacting a gaseous metal halide with a reducing agent in a manner effective to form a nonsolid reaction product, wherein the metal halide has the formula MXi, in which M is a metal selected from a transition metal of the periodic table, aluminum, silicon, boron, and combinations thereof, X is a halogen, i is greater than 0, and the reducing agent is a gaseous reducing agent selected from hydrogen and a compound that releases hydrogen, and combinations thereof; and solidifying the reaction product, thereby forming a metallic composition comprising M that is substantially free from halides. In another aspect, a method for producing a solid metallic composition is provided in which a metal subhalide is reduced by reaction with a gaseous reducing agent to form a nonsolid reaction product; which is then solidified to form a metallic composition comprising the metal that is substantially free from halides, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. An apparatus for producing a metallic solid composition is also provided that includes a source of a metal halide having the formula MXi; a source of a reducing agent wherein the reducing agent is a gaseous reducing agent selected from hydrogen and a compound that releases hydrogen, and combinations thereof; a reactor in communication with the metal halide and the reducing agent sources, wherein the reactor provides conditions effective to carry out a gaseous reaction between the metal halide and the reducing agent to form a nonsolid reaction product; and a means for solidifying the reaction product to form a metallic composition comprising M that is substantially free from halides. The invention may be used to produce high-purity metallic compositions, particularly titanium particles and alloys thereof for use in powder metallurgy applications.

2. 发明申请

US20090291235A1 MULTIARC DISCHARGE MOVING BED REACTOR SYSTEM 失效
标题翻译： MULTIARC卸载移动床反应器系统
公开(公告)号：US20090291235A1
公开(公告)日：2009-11-26
申请号：US12299584
申请日：2007-05-04
申请人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kazunori Matsumoto , Carles Colominas , Gopala Krishnan , Palitha Jayaweera , Kai-Hung Lau
发明人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kazunori Matsumoto , Carles Colominas , Gopala Krishnan , Palitha Jayaweera , Kai-Hung Lau
IPC分类号： B01J19/08 , A62D3/11 , H05H1/48
CPC分类号： B01J8/24 , B01J8/08 , B01J8/42 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0845 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/0886 , B01J2219/0892
摘要： A moving bed reactor system is provided. The system comprises at least one gas inlet, a distributor, a temperature control, a plurality of electrodes, and a spark control circuit. The spark control circuit drives the electrodes and generates a multi-arc discharge when the system is loaded with particles and a gas at approximately atmospheric pressure or greater is being pumped through the system. The multi-arc discharge is useful to create activated species which may improve the rate of a chemical reaction taking place in the moving bed reactor system.
摘要翻译：提供移动床反应器系统。该系统包括至少一个气体入口，分配器，温度控制器，多个电极和火花控制电路。火花控制电路驱动电极，并且当系统装载有颗粒并且在大气压或更大的气体被泵送通过系统时产生多弧放电。多弧放电可用于产生活化物质，这可以提高在移动床反应器系统中发生化学反应的速率。

3. 发明授权

US08709370B2 Method and system for producing fluoride gas and fluorine-doped glass or ceramics 有权
标题翻译：生产氟化物气体和氟掺杂玻璃或陶瓷的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08709370B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-29
申请号：US12549206
申请日：2009-08-27
申请人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kai-Hung Lau , Xiaobing Xie , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kai-Hung Lau , Xiaobing Xie , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： C01B33/02 , C01B33/107 , C01B33/32 , C01B3/02
CPC分类号： C04B35/16 , C03B5/005 , C03C1/002 , C03C3/112 , C03C10/0009 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/445
摘要： The present invention relates generally to production of a fluoride gas and equivalents thereof, and fluorine-doped sodium silicate glass, glass ceramics, vitro ceramics and equivalents thereof. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a salt and an oxide in a reactor, heating the reactor to produce a vapor and the vitro ceramic and removing the vapor.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及氟化物气体的制造及其等同物，氟掺杂硅酸钠玻璃，玻璃陶瓷，体外陶瓷及其等同物。在一个实施方案中，该方法包括在反应器中提供盐和氧化物，加热反应器以产生蒸气和体外陶瓷并除去蒸气。

4. 发明授权

US08465809B2 Multiarc discharge moving bed reactor system 失效
标题翻译： Multiarc排料床反应器系统
公开(公告)号：US08465809B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US12299584
申请日：2007-05-04
申请人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kazunori Matsumoto , Carles Colominas , Gopala Krishnan , Palitha Jayaweera , Kai-Hung Lau
发明人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kazunori Matsumoto , Carles Colominas , Gopala Krishnan , Palitha Jayaweera , Kai-Hung Lau
IPC分类号： B05D1/22
CPC分类号： B01J8/24 , B01J8/08 , B01J8/42 , B01J19/088 , B01J2219/0809 , B01J2219/0845 , B01J2219/0879 , B01J2219/0886 , B01J2219/0892
摘要： A moving bed reactor system is provided. The system comprises at least one gas inlet, a distributor, a temperature control, a plurality of electrodes, and a spark control circuit. The spark control circuit drives the electrodes and generates a multi-arc discharge when the system is loaded with particles and a gas at approximately atmospheric pressure or greater is being pumped through the system. The multi-arc discharge is useful to create activated species which may improve the rate of a chemical reaction taking place in the moving bed reactor system.
摘要翻译：提供移动床反应器系统。该系统包括至少一个气体入口，分配器，温度控制器，多个电极和火花控制电路。火花控制电路驱动电极，并且当系统装载有颗粒并且在大气压或更大的气体被泵送通过系统时产生多弧放电。多弧放电可用于产生活化物质，这可以提高在移动床反应器系统中发生化学反应的速率。

5. 发明申请

US20100056353A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING FLUORIDE GAS AND FLUORINE-DOPED GLASS OR CERAMICS 有权
标题翻译：生产氟化物气体和氟化玻璃或陶瓷的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20100056353A1
公开(公告)日：2010-03-04
申请号：US12549206
申请日：2009-08-27
申请人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kai-Hung Lau , Xiaobing Xie , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Angel Sanjurjo , Kai-Hung Lau , Xiaobing Xie , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： C03C3/04 , C04B35/14
CPC分类号： C04B35/16 , C03B5/005 , C03C1/002 , C03C3/112 , C03C10/0009 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/445
摘要： The present invention relates generally to production of a fluoride gas and equivalents thereof, and fluorine-doped sodium silicate glass, glass ceramics, vitro ceramics and equivalents thereof. In one embodiment, the method includes providing a salt and an oxide in a reactor, heating the reactor to produce a vapor and the vitro ceramic and removing the vapor.
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及氟化物气体的制造及其等同物，氟掺杂硅酸钠玻璃，玻璃陶瓷，体外陶瓷及其等同物。在一个实施方案中，该方法包括在反应器中提供盐和氧化物，加热反应器以产生蒸气和体外陶瓷并除去蒸气。

6. 发明授权

US07862788B2 Promoter enhanced chilled ammonia based system and method for removal of CO2 from flue gas stream 有权
标题翻译：促进剂增强型冷冻氨系统和从烟道气流中去除二氧化碳的方法
公开(公告)号：US07862788B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-04
申请号：US12272953
申请日：2008-11-18
申请人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： B01D53/14
CPC分类号： B01D53/62 , B01D53/84 , B01D2251/2062 , B01D2257/504 , Y02A50/2342 , Y02A50/2358 , Y02C10/02 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/06
摘要： A chilled ammonia based CO2 capture system and method is provided. A promoter is used to help accelerate certain capture reactions that occur substantially coincident to and/or as a result of contacting a chilled ammonia based ionic solution with a gas stream that contains CO2.
摘要翻译：提供了一种基于冷冻氨的CO2捕集系统和方法。促进剂用于帮助加速基本上与基于冷冻氨的离子溶液与含有CO 2的气流接触并且/或作为结果发生的某些捕获反应。

7. 发明申请

US20110070136A1 PROMOTER ENHANCED CHILLED AMMONIA BASED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF CO2 FROM FLUE GAS STREAM 有权
标题翻译：促进加强基于氨基酸的氨基酸系统和从流体气流中去除二氧化碳的方法
公开(公告)号：US20110070136A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：US12958816
申请日：2010-12-02
申请人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： B01D53/62
CPC分类号： B01D53/62 , B01D53/84 , B01D2251/2062 , B01D2257/504 , Y02A50/2342 , Y02A50/2358 , Y02C10/02 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/06
摘要： A method and system for CO2 capture from flue gas uses an absorber vessel in which a flue gas stream containing CO2 is contacted with an ammoniated solution to remove CO2 from the flue gas, and a regenerator vessel in which CO2 is released from the ammoniated solution. Parasitic energy consumption of the system can be reduced by adding to the ammoniated solution a promoter effective to enhance the formation of ammonium bicarbonate within the ammoniated solution. The amount of ammoniated solution recycled from the regenerator vessel to the absorber vessel is less than that which would be required using the ammoniated solution without the promoter for removal of the same amount of CO2 from the flue gas.
摘要翻译：用于从烟道气中捕获CO 2的方法和系统使用吸收容器，其中含有CO 2的烟道气与氨化溶液接触以从烟道气中除去CO 2，以及CO 2从氨化溶液中释放的再生器容器。可以通过向氨化溶液中加入有效促进氨化溶液中碳酸氢铵形成的促进剂来减少系统的寄生能量消耗。从再生器容器再循环到吸收容器的氨化溶液的量小于使用不含助催化剂的氨化溶液从烟道气中除去相同量的二氧化碳所需要的量。

8. 发明授权

US4886652A Production of metal carbides 失效
标题翻译：生产金属碳化物
公开(公告)号：US4886652A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-12
申请号：US185132
申请日：1988-04-22
申请人： Gopala Krishnan , Michael Gusman , Sylvia M. Johnson , David J. Rowcliffe , Hajime Nakano
发明人： Gopala Krishnan , Michael Gusman , Sylvia M. Johnson , David J. Rowcliffe , Hajime Nakano
IPC分类号： C01B31/30 , C01B31/36 , C04B38/00
CPC分类号： C01B31/303 , C01B31/305 , C01B31/36 , C04B38/0025 , C01P2002/72 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/80
摘要： Production of carbide shapes of silicon, titanium or vanadium by reaction of carbon with the metal in liquid phase such being carried out by heating a mixture of particles of carbon and particles of the metal rapidly to the melting point of the metal, thereby minimizing solid state reaction, and holding at a temperature and for a time sufficient to cause reaction. The metal and carbon particles are about 0.05 to 10 mm in diameter. An organic binder is used which volatilizes or dissociates upon heating.
摘要翻译：通过碳与金属在液相中的反应来生产碳，钛或钒的碳化物形状，这通过将碳和颗粒的颗粒的混合物快速加热到金属的熔点，从而最小化固态反应并保持在足以引起反应的温度和时间。金属和碳颗粒的直径约为0.05至10mm。使用有机粘合剂，其在加热时挥发或分解。

9. 发明授权

US08168149B2 Promoter enhanced chilled ammonia based system and method for removal of CO2 from flue gas stream 有权
标题翻译：促进剂增强型冷冻氨系统和从烟道气流中去除二氧化碳的方法
公开(公告)号：US08168149B2
公开(公告)日：2012-05-01
申请号：US12958816
申请日：2010-12-02
申请人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： B01D53/14
CPC分类号： B01D53/62 , B01D53/84 , B01D2251/2062 , B01D2257/504 , Y02A50/2342 , Y02A50/2358 , Y02C10/02 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/06
摘要： A method and system for CO2 capture from flue gas uses an absorber vessel in which a flue gas stream containing CO2 is contacted with an ammoniated solution to remove CO2 from the flue gas, and a regenerator vessel in which CO2 is released from the ammoniated solution. Parasitic energy consumption of the system can be reduced by adding to the ammoniated solution a promoter effective to enhance the formation of ammonium bicarbonate within the ammoniated solution. The amount of ammoniated solution recycled from the regenerator vessel to the absorber vessel is less than that which would be required using the ammoniated solution without the promoter for removal of the same amount of CO2 from the flue gas.
摘要翻译：用于从烟道气中捕获CO 2的方法和系统使用吸收容器，其中含有CO 2的烟道气与氨化溶液接触以从烟道气中除去CO 2，以及CO 2从氨化溶液中释放的再生器容器。可以通过向氨化溶液中加入有效促进氨化溶液中碳酸氢铵形成的促进剂来减少系统的寄生能量消耗。从再生器容器再循环到吸收容器的氨化溶液的量小于使用不含助催化剂的氨化溶液从烟道气中除去相同量的二氧化碳所需要的量。

10. 发明申请

US20090148930A1 PROMOTER ENHANCED CHILLED AMMONIA BASED SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR REMOVAL OF CO2 FROM FLUE GAS STREAM 有权
标题翻译：促进加强基于氨基酸的氨基酸系统和从流体气流中去除二氧化碳的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090148930A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-11
申请号：US12272953
申请日：2008-11-18
申请人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
发明人： Eli Gal , Otto Morten Bade , Indira Jayaweera , Gopala Krishnan
IPC分类号： B01D53/14 , C12M1/04
CPC分类号： B01D53/62 , B01D53/84 , B01D2251/2062 , B01D2257/504 , Y02A50/2342 , Y02A50/2358 , Y02C10/02 , Y02C10/04 , Y02C10/06
摘要： A chilled ammonia based CO2 capture system and method is provided. A promoter is used to help accelerate certain capture reactions that occur substantially coincident to and/or as a result of contacting a chilled ammonia based ionic solution with a gas stream that contains CO2.
摘要翻译：提供了一种基于冷冻氨的CO2捕集系统和方法。促进剂用于帮助加速基本上与基于冷冻氨的离子溶液与含有CO 2的气流接触并且/或作为结果发生的某些捕获反应。

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