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1. 发明授权

US5234486A Method for remelting reactive metals 失效
标题翻译：重熔活性金属的方法
公开(公告)号：US5234486A
公开(公告)日：1993-08-10
申请号：US924835
申请日：1992-08-04
申请人： Alok Choudhury , Norbert Ludwig , Harald Scholz
发明人： Alok Choudhury , Norbert Ludwig , Harald Scholz
IPC分类号： C22B9/18 , C22B34/12 , C22B34/14
CPC分类号： C22B34/14 , C22B34/1295 , C22B9/18
摘要： For the remelting of titanium or zirconium, the electroslag remelting method is used. To prevent any reaction of the melt with oxygen or nitrogen, the remelting is performed in an inert gas atmosphere. Fluorspar with an addition of calcium oxide is used as the slag forming substance. This calcium oxide dissolves in the fluorspar and reacts with oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in the titanium, so that the reactive metal is purified of these substances.
摘要翻译：为了重熔钛或锆，使用电渣重熔方法。为了防止熔体与氧气或氮气发生任何反应，重熔在惰性气体气氛中进行。使用加入氧化钙的荧光体作为形成渣的物质。该氧化钙溶解于萤石中，并与钛中的氧，氮和氢反应，使得反应性金属被这些物质纯化。

2. 发明授权

US06924609B2 Control device/mechanism for a motor for adjusting a control unit 失效
标题翻译：用于调节控制单元的电动机的控制装置/机构
公开(公告)号：US06924609B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-02
申请号：US10355012
申请日：2003-01-31
申请人： Frank Bürger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Frank Bürger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： F02D11/10 , H02P1/04
CPC分类号： F02D11/10 , Y10T137/8242
摘要： The invention relates to a control device for a motor for adjusting a control unit. A motor (5) that serves for adjusting a control unit (20) is shut off in a known control device with at least one Hall switch, when the control unit (20) has achieved a desired position. In the aforementioned variant, it is proposed that the running direction of the motor (5) is determined by a signal (UH) obtained from such a Hall switch, and, if necessary, the motor (5) is prepared for reversal.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于调节控制单元的马达的控制装置。用于调节控制单元（20）的马达（5）在具有至少一个霍尔开关的已知控制装置中被切断，当控制单元（20）达到期望位置时。在上述变型中，提出了通过从这种霍尔开关获得的信号（U SUB）来确定电机（5）的运行方向，如果需要，马达（5））准备逆转。

3. 发明授权

US5284329A System for the production of powders from metals 失效
标题翻译：用于生产金属粉末的系统
公开(公告)号：US5284329A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US704323
申请日：1991-05-23
申请人： Michael Hohman , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Michael Hohman , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： B22F9/08 , H05B6/36
CPC分类号： B22F9/082
摘要： The invention relates to a system for the production of powders from metals. This system has a melting chamber (2) and a powder container (3) separated herefrom. In the melting chamber a metal rod (15) is melted through the high-frequency field of a coil (10) with differently dimensioned windings. The melted metal (28) penetrates through an opening (6) into the powder container (3) wherein it is pulverized in the region of the opening (6) due to different pressures in the melting chamber (2) and powder container (3) as well as by means of a dispersion system (5).
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于从金属制造粉末的系统。该系统具有从其分离的熔化室（2）和粉末容器（3）。在熔化室中，金属棒（15）通过具有不同尺寸绕组的线圈（10）的高频场熔化。熔融金属（28）穿过开口（6）进入粉末容器（3），其中由于熔化室（2）和粉末容器（3）中的压力不同，其在开口（6）的区域被粉碎，以及通过分散系统（5）。

4. 发明授权

US06976394B2 Level transmitter 失效
标题翻译：液位变送器
公开(公告)号：US06976394B2
公开(公告)日：2005-12-20
申请号：US10606368
申请日：2003-06-25
申请人： Alfred Kleinen , Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Alfred Kleinen , Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： G01F23/38 , G01F23/30 , G01B7/14 , G01B7/30 , G01F23/32 , G01F23/36
CPC分类号： G01F23/38
摘要： A level transmitter for liquid containers, particularly fuel store tanks, comprising a housing in which a contactless sensor is arranged which is connected with an evaluating unit and operatively connected with a magnet that moves relative to the sensor when a float arranged at a first end of a lever moves so that the change of the magnetic field acting upon the sensor is transformed into an electric signal so that an output signal corresponding to the level of the liquid in the container is obtainable by the evaluating means. The magnet is configured at least as a segment of an annular magnet that is arranged at a second end of the lever and integrated therein.
摘要翻译：一种用于液体容器，特别是燃料储存罐的液位变送器，包括壳体，其中设置非接触式传感器，其中连接有评估单元，并且当布置在第一端处的浮子相对于与传感器相对运动的磁体可操作地连接时杠杆移动，使得作用在传感器上的磁场的变化被变换为电信号，使得通过评估装置可以获得与容器中液体的液位相对应的输出信号。该磁体至少被构造成环形磁体的一段，该环形磁体布置在杠杆的第二端并且集成在其中。

5. 发明授权

US06873150B2 Position sensor 失效
标题翻译：位置传感器
公开(公告)号：US06873150B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-29
申请号：US10231625
申请日：2002-08-30
申请人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： G01D5/14 , G01B7/30 , G01R33/06
CPC分类号： G01D5/145
摘要： A position sensor which is particularly suitable for the rotational angle detection of throttle or exhaust gas valves comprises a permanent magnet and at least two magnetic field sensors arranged adjacently to the permanent magnet. The magnetic field sensors are, for example, Hall sensors. By a relative movement between the permanent magnet and the magnetic field sensors, a position-dependent signal, for example in dependence on a rotational angle of the shaft, is produced. According to the invention, the two magnetic field sensors are arranged behind each other in field direction of the permanent magnet.
摘要翻译：特别适用于节流阀或废气阀的旋转角检测的位置传感器包括永磁体和与永磁体相邻设置的至少两个磁场传感器。磁场传感器例如是霍尔传感器。通过永磁体和磁场传感器之间的相对移动，产生例如依赖于轴的旋转角度的位置相关信号。根据本发明，两个磁场传感器在永磁体的磁场方向上彼此并排配置。

6. 发明授权

US07705551B2 Switching flap device 失效
标题翻译：切换襟翼装置
公开(公告)号：US07705551B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-27
申请号：US11792595
申请日：2005-11-08
申请人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： H02K29/12
CPC分类号： F02D11/10 , F02D11/106 , G01D5/145
摘要： An actuating device for actuators, such as switching, throttle or swirl flaps, in internal combustion engines for motor vehicles comprises a shaft connected with an actuating motor. The shaft is connected with an actuator, such as a switching flap or the like. In a predetermined position relative to the shaft two pin-type magnets are arranged and preferably connected with a partly toothed gearwheel. When the shaft is rotated, the pin-type magnets move relative to a preferably fixed magnetic field sensor. The magnetic field sensor is a linear Hall sensor. Provision of a linear Hall sensor allows three different shaft positions to be determined. The positions are the two shaft positions defined by the pin-type magnets in which the magnets are arranged opposite the Hall sensor, and a position in which the location of the pin-type magnets does not allow the Hall sensor to detect a magnetic field. In the latter position the linear Hall sensor has a defined bridge voltage.
摘要翻译：在用于机动车辆的内燃机中的用于致动器的致动装置，例如开关，节流阀或旋翼，包括与致动马达连接的轴。轴与诸如切换挡板等的致动器连接。在相对于轴的预定位置，两个销型磁体被布置并且优选地与部分齿形的齿轮连接。当轴旋转时，销型磁体相对于优选固定的磁场传感器移动。磁场传感器是线性霍尔传感器。提供线性霍尔传感器允许确定三个不同的轴位置。这些位置是由其中磁体与霍尔传感器相对布置的销型磁体限定的两个轴位置，并且销型磁体的位置不允许霍尔传感器检测磁场的位置。在后一位置，线性霍尔传感器具有定义的桥电压。

7. 发明申请

US20060003846A1 Device for recognizing a shaft break 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于识别轴断裂的装置
公开(公告)号：US20060003846A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-05
申请号：US11155895
申请日：2005-06-20
申请人： Frank Burger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Frank Burger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： G08B23/00 , F16C3/06
CPC分类号： G01N27/205 , F16C3/026 , Y10T464/20
摘要： The invention relates to a device for recognizing a shaft break of an actuated shaft made of plastic, in which a conductor is injected. This conductor extends essentially over the entire axial length of the shaft, whereby both its ends are connected to an electronics unit, so that upon a break of the shaft, and thus of the conductor, a current flow is interrupted and the conclusion can be drawn that the shaft has broken. According to the invention, the contacting of the conductor ends takes place via two electrically conductive rings arranged on the shaft, which rings in turn produce the contact to the electronics unit via carbon brushes arranged on sheet-metal springs.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于识别由塑料制成的致动轴的轴断裂的装置，其中导体被注入。该导体基本上延伸在轴的整个轴向长度上，由此其两端连接到电子单元，使得在轴的断裂以及因此导体断开时，电流流动被中断，并且可得出结论轴断了。根据本发明，导体端部的接触通过布置在轴上的两个导电环进行，该环依次通过布置在金属片弹簧上的碳刷产生与电子单元的接触。

8. 发明申请

US20050263130A1 Method of controlling a switching flap, and a switching-flap actuating unit 失效
标题翻译：控制切换挡板的方法以及切换挡板驱动装置
公开(公告)号：US20050263130A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US11122247
申请日：2005-05-05
申请人： Norbert Ludwig , Frank Buerger , Harmut Witte
发明人： Norbert Ludwig , Frank Buerger , Harmut Witte
IPC分类号： F02B27/02 , F02B31/00 , F02D9/10 , F02D11/10 , F02D41/22
CPC分类号： F02D41/221 , F02B27/0215 , F02B27/0273 , F02B27/0294 , F02D9/105 , F02D2250/16 , Y02T10/146 , Y02T10/40
摘要： In a method for controlling a switching flap (10) arranged in an intake pipe connected with an internal-combustion engine the switching flap (10) is rotated with the aid of a switching-flap shaft (12) connected with an electromotor (18). With the aid of a position-detecting means (22,26; 24,26) an end position of the switching flap (10) is detected. Subsequently, a rotation force is continued to be applied to the shaft (12) to hold the switching flap (10) in the end position. For detecting a breakage of the switching-flap shaft (12), an error message is generated when the switching-flap shaft (12) continues to rotate beyond the end position.
摘要翻译：在控制与内燃机连接的进气管中的切换挡板（10）的控制方法中，借助于与电动机（18）连接的切换挡板轴（12），切换挡板（10）转动，。借助位置检测装置（22,26; 24,26）检测切换挡板（10）的终端位置。随后，继续向轴（12）施加旋转力，以将切换挡板（10）保持在最终位置。为了检测切换翼片轴（12）的断裂，当切换翼片轴（12）继续旋转超过终点位置时，产生错误信息。

9. 发明申请

US20080258582A1 Switching Flap Device 失效
标题翻译：切换挡板
公开(公告)号：US20080258582A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-23
申请号：US11792595
申请日：2005-11-08
申请人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
发明人： Frank Buerger , Norbert Ludwig
IPC分类号： F16K31/04
CPC分类号： F02D11/10 , F02D11/106 , G01D5/145
摘要： An actuating device for actuators, such as switching, throttle or swirl flaps, in internal combustion engines for motor vehicles comprises a shaft connected with an actuating motor. The shaft is connected with an actuator, such as a switching flap or the like. In a predetermined position relative to the shaft two pin-type magnets are arranged and preferably connected with a partly toothed gearwheel. When the shaft is rotated, the pin-type magnets move relative to a preferably fixed magnetic field sensor. The magnetic field sensor is a linear Hall sensor. Provision of a linear Hall sensor allows three different shaft positions to be determined. The positions are the two shaft positions defined by the pin-type magnets in which the magnets are arranged opposite the Hall sensor, and a position in which the location of the pin-type magnets does not allow the Hall sensor to detect a magnetic field. In the latter position the linear Hall sensor has a defined bridge voltage.
摘要翻译：在用于机动车辆的内燃机中的用于致动器的致动装置，例如开关，节流阀或旋翼，包括与致动马达连接的轴。轴与诸如切换挡板等的致动器连接。在相对于轴的预定位置，两个销型磁体被布置并且优选地与部分齿形的齿轮连接。当轴旋转时，销型磁体相对于优选固定的磁场传感器移动。磁场传感器是线性霍尔传感器。提供线性霍尔传感器允许确定三个不同的轴位置。这些位置是由其中磁体与霍尔传感器相对布置的销型磁体限定的两个轴位置，并且销型磁体的位置不允许霍尔传感器检测磁场的位置。在后一位置，线性霍尔传感器具有定义的桥电压。

10. 发明授权

US07177757B2 Method of controlling a switching flap, and a switching-flap actuating unit 失效
标题翻译：控制切换挡板的方法以及切换挡板驱动装置
公开(公告)号：US07177757B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-13
申请号：US11122247
申请日：2005-05-05
申请人： Norbert Ludwig , Frank Buerger , Harmut Witte
发明人： Norbert Ludwig , Frank Buerger , Harmut Witte
IPC分类号： F02B31/00 , F02D11/10
CPC分类号： F02D41/221 , F02B27/0215 , F02B27/0273 , F02B27/0294 , F02D9/105 , F02D2250/16 , Y02T10/146 , Y02T10/40
摘要： In a method for controlling a switching flap (10) arranged in an intake pipe connected with an internal-combustion engine the switching flap (10) is rotated with the aid of a switching-flap shaft (12) connected with an electromotor (18). With the aid of a position-detecting device (22,26;24,26) an end position of the switching flap (10) is detected. Subsequently, a rotation force is continued to be applied to the shaft (12) to hold the switching flap (10) in the end position. For detecting a breakage of the switching-flap shaft (12), an error message is generated when the switching-flap shaft (12) continues to rotate beyond the end position.
摘要翻译：在控制与内燃机连接的进气管中的切换挡板（10）的控制方法中，借助于与电动机（18）连接的切换挡板轴（12），切换挡板（10）转动，。借助位置检测装置（22,26; 24,26）检测切换挡板（10）的终端位置。随后，继续向轴（12）施加旋转力，以将切换挡板（10）保持在最终位置。为了检测切换翼片轴（12）的断裂，当切换翼片轴（12）继续旋转超过终点位置时，产生错误信息。

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