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1. 发明授权

US06711059B2 Memory controller 有权
标题翻译：内存控制器
公开(公告)号：US06711059B2
公开(公告)日：2004-03-23
申请号：US10260135
申请日：2002-09-27
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith , Robert Edwin Payne
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith , Robert Edwin Payne
IPC分类号： G11C1604
CPC分类号： G11C7/20 , G06F9/4403 , G11C16/102
摘要： According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a memory system having a controller and a non-volatile memory storing firmware for start up and for normal operation of the system, the controller comprising, a volatile memory; and a processor; wherein the controller is arranged to operate during initialization or configuration of the system so that the start up firmware stored in the non-volatile memory is loaded into the volatile memory under hardware control by the controller and with the processor halted, the start up firmware in the volatile memory being subsequently executed by the processor.
摘要翻译：根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种具有控制器和非易失性存储器的存储器系统，该存储器存储用于系统启动和正常操作的固件，所述控制器包括：易失性存储器; 和处理器; 其中所述控制器被布置为在所述系统的初始化或配置期间操作，使得存储在所述非易失性存储器中的所述启动固件在所述控制器的硬件控制下被加载到所述易失性存储器中，并且所述处理器停止，所述启动固件在随后由处理器执行易失性存储器。

2. 发明授权

US08103841B2 Non-volatile memory and method with non-sequential update block management 有权
标题翻译：非易失性存储器和非顺序更新块管理方法
公开(公告)号：US08103841B2
公开(公告)日：2012-01-24
申请号：US12239489
申请日：2008-09-26
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Sergey Anatolievich Gorobets , Alan David Bennett , Peter John Smith
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Sergey Anatolievich Gorobets , Alan David Bennett , Peter John Smith
IPC分类号： G06F12/16
CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 , G06F11/1072 , G06F11/141 , G06F11/1415 , G06F11/1658 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G06F2212/7203 , G06F2212/7205 , G06F2212/7208 , G11C11/5621 , G11C11/5628 , G11C16/102 , G11C16/105 , G11C16/20 , G11C29/00 , G11C29/76 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： In a nonvolatile memory with block management system that supports update blocks with non-sequential logical units, an index of the logical units in a non-sequential update block is buffered in RAM and stored periodically into the nonvolatile memory. In one embodiment, the index is stored in a block dedicated for storing indices. In another embodiment, the index is stored in the update block itself. In yet another embodiment, the index is stored in the header of each logical unit. In another aspect, the logical units written after the last index update but before the next have their indexing information stored in the header of each logical unit. In this way, after a power outage, the location of recently written logical units can be determined without having to perform a scanning during initialization. In yet another aspect, a block is managed as partially sequential and partially non-sequential, directed to more than one logical subgroup.
摘要翻译：在具有支持具有非顺序逻辑单元的更新块的块管理系统的非易失性存储器中，非顺序更新块中的逻辑单元的索引被缓冲在RAM中并被周期性地存储到非易失性存储器中。在一个实施例中，索引被存储在专用于存储索引的块中。在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在更新块本身中。在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。在另一方面，在最后一个索引更新之后但在下一个之前写入的逻辑单元将其索引信息存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。以这种方式，在断电之后，可以确定最近写入的逻辑单元的位置，而不必在初始化期间执行扫描。在另一方面，块被部署顺序地且部分地非顺序地管理，定向到多于一个的逻辑子组。

3. 发明申请

US20090019218A1 Non-Volatile Memory And Method With Non-Sequential Update Block Management 有权
标题翻译：非易失性存储器和非顺序更新块管理方法
公开(公告)号：US20090019218A1
公开(公告)日：2009-01-15
申请号：US12239489
申请日：2008-09-26
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Sergey Anatolievich Gorobets , Alan David Bennett , Peter John Smith
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Sergey Anatolievich Gorobets , Alan David Bennett , Peter John Smith
IPC分类号： G06F12/02 , G06F12/00 , G06F12/06
CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 , G06F11/1072 , G06F11/141 , G06F11/1415 , G06F11/1658 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G06F2212/7203 , G06F2212/7205 , G06F2212/7208 , G11C11/5621 , G11C11/5628 , G11C16/102 , G11C16/105 , G11C16/20 , G11C29/00 , G11C29/76 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： In a nonvolatile memory with block management system that supports update blocks with non-sequential logical units, an index of the logical units in a non-sequential update block is buffered in RAM and stored periodically into the nonvolatile memory. In one embodiment, the index is stored in a block dedicated for storing indices. In another embodiment, the index is stored in the update block itself. In yet another embodiment, the index is stored in the header of each logical unit. In another aspect, the logical units written after the last index update but before the next have their indexing information stored in the header of each logical unit. In this way, after a power outage, the location of recently written logical units can be determined without having to perform a scanning during initialization. In yet another aspect, a block is managed as partially sequential and partially non-sequential, directed to more than one logical subgroup.
摘要翻译：在具有支持具有非顺序逻辑单元的更新块的块管理系统的非易失性存储器中，非顺序更新块中的逻辑单元的索引被缓冲在RAM中并被周期性地存储到非易失性存储器中。在一个实施例中，索引被存储在专用于存储索引的块中。在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在更新块本身中。在另一个实施例中，索引被存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。在另一方面，在最后一个索引更新之后但在下一个之前写入的逻辑单元将其索引信息存储在每个逻辑单元的标题中。以这种方式，在断电之后，可以确定最近写入的逻辑单元的位置，而不必在初始化期间执行扫描。在另一方面，块被部署顺序地且部分地非顺序地管理，定向到多于一个的逻辑子组。

4. 发明授权

US07395384B2 Method and apparatus for maintaining data on non-volatile memory systems 有权
标题翻译：用于在非易失性存储器系统上维护数据的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07395384B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-01
申请号：US10897049
申请日：2004-07-21
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7205 , Y10S707/99953 , Y10S707/99957
摘要： Techniques for managing data in a non-volatile memory system (e.g., Flash Memory) are disclosed. A controller can use information relating to a host's filing system, which is stored by the host on non-volatile memory, to determine if one or more clusters (or sectors with clusters) are currently allocated. The controller can use the information relating to the host's filing system to ensure that one or more clusters (or one or more sectors within a cluster) are not copied from one location to another location in the memory during a garbage collection cycle. As a result, some unnecessary operations (e.g., copying data) which are conventionally performed can be avoided and system performance can be enhanced.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存）中管理数据的技术。控制器可以使用与由主机存储在非易失性存储器上的主机归档系统有关的信息来确定当前是否分配了一个或多个集群（或具有集群的扇区）。控制器可以使用与主机归档系统相关的信息，以确保在垃圾收集周期期间，一个或多个集群（或集群内的一个或多个扇区）不会从一个位置复制到存储器中的另一个位置。结果，可以避免常规执行的一些不必要的操作（例如复制数据），并且可以提高系统性能。

5. 发明授权

US08607016B2 FAT analysis for optimized sequential cluster management 有权
标题翻译： FAT分析优化顺序集群管理
公开(公告)号：US08607016B2
公开(公告)日：2013-12-10
申请号：US11022369
申请日：2004-12-23
申请人： Kevin M. Conley , Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
发明人： Kevin M. Conley , Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G06F13/00 , G06F13/28 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F3/064 , G06F3/061 , G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0246
摘要： Techniques for managing data in a non-volatile memory system (e.g., Flash Memory) are disclosed. A controller can use information relating to a host's file system, which is stored by the host on non-volatile memory, to determine if one or more clusters (or sectors with clusters) are currently allocated. The controller can use the information relating to the host's file system to identify when the host is sending data to the next free cluster and to store such data in a sequential format by copying data from other locations in the non-volatile memory.
摘要翻译：公开了用于在非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存）中管理数据的技术。控制器可以使用由主机在非易失性存储器上存储的主机文件系统相关的信息来确定当前是否分配了一个或多个集群（或具有集群的扇区）。控制器可以使用与主机文件系统相关的信息来识别主机何时向下一个空闲簇发送数据，并通过从非易失性存储器中的其他位置复制数据来以顺序格式存储这些数据。

6. 发明授权

US07139864B2 Non-volatile memory and method with block management system 有权
标题翻译：非易失性存储器和方法与块管理系统
公开(公告)号：US07139864B2
公开(公告)日：2006-11-21
申请号：US10750155
申请日：2003-12-30
申请人： Alan David Bennett , Alan Douglas Bryce , Sergey Gorobets , Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
发明人： Alan David Bennett , Alan Douglas Bryce , Sergey Gorobets , Alan Welsh Sinclair , Peter John Smith
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/1666 , G06F11/1072 , G06F11/141 , G06F11/1415 , G06F11/1658 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G06F2212/7203 , G06F2212/7205 , G06F2212/7208 , G11C11/5621 , G11C11/5628 , G11C16/102 , G11C16/105 , G11C16/20 , G11C29/00 , G11C29/76 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： A non-volatile memory system is organized in physical groups of physical memory locations. Each physical group (metablock) is erasable as a unit and can be used to store a logical group of data. A memory management system allows for update of a logical group of data by allocating a metablock dedicated to recording the update data of the logical group. The update metablock records update data in the order received and has no restriction on whether the recording is in the correct logical order as originally stored (sequential) or not (chaotic). Eventually the update metablock is closed to further recording. One of several processes will take place, but will ultimately end up with a fully filled metablock in the correct order which replaces the original metablock. In the chaotic case, directory data is maintained in the non-volatile memory in a manner that is conducive to frequent updates. The system supports multiple logical groups being updated concurrently.
摘要翻译：非易失性存储器系统被组织在物理存储器位置的物理组中。每个物理组（元区块）作为一个单元是可擦除的，可用于存储一组逻辑数据。存储器管理系统允许通过分配专用于记录逻辑组的更新数据的元区块来更新逻辑数据组。更新元区块以所接收的顺序记录更新数据，并且对于是否按照原始存储（顺序）或不是混乱的顺序，记录是否处于正确的逻辑顺序中是没有限制的。最终，更新元区块被关闭以进一步录制。几个进程之一将发生，但最终将以完全填充的元区块以正确的顺序取代原来的元区块。在混乱的情况下，目录数据以有利于频繁更新的方式保存在非易失性存储器中。系统支持同时更新的多个逻辑组。

7. 发明授权

US09348746B2 Method and system for managing block reclaim operations in a multi-layer memory 有权
标题翻译：用于管理多层存储器中的块回收操作的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US09348746B2
公开(公告)日：2016-05-24
申请号：US13826944
申请日：2013-03-14
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
IPC分类号： G06F13/00 , G06F12/02 , G06F12/06 , G06F3/06 , G06F12/12
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F3/0644 , G06F12/0253 , G06F12/0646 , G06F12/12
摘要： A multi-later memory and method for operation is disclosed. The memory includes at least one flash memory die having multiple layers and a controller configured to execute block reclaim operations in a layer of the flash memory die until a net gain of at least one additional free block has been made in the layer. The method may include relocating data from reclaim blocks to relocation blocks within the same layer, or within a same partition in the same layer until a net gain of one free block has been achieved and an integer number of relocation blocks has been filled with relocated data. The method may also include moving data from reclaim blocks in a first layer into destination blocks in a second layer until a net gain of at least one free block has been achieved in the first layer.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于操作的多功能记忆体和方法。存储器包括至少一个具有多个层的闪速存储器管芯和被配置为在闪速存储器管芯的层中执行块回收操作的控制器，直到在该层中已经进行了至少一个附加自由块的净增益。该方法可以包括将数据从回收块重定位到相同层内的重定位块或同一层内的相同分区内，直到已经实现了一个空闲块的净增益，并且整数个重定位块已被重定位数据填充。该方法还可以包括将数据从第一层中的回收块移动到第二层中的目标块，直到在第一层中已经实现了至少一个空闲块的净增益。

8. 发明申请

US20140189207A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING BACKGROUND OPERATIONS IN A MULTI-LAYER MEMORY 有权
标题翻译：用于管理多层存储器中的背景操作的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20140189207A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-03
申请号：US13827038
申请日：2013-03-14
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
IPC分类号： G06F12/02
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0253 , G06F2212/7205
摘要： A multi-layer memory and method for performing background maintenance operations are disclosed. The memory includes a plurality of flash memory die having multiple layers, where each layer is made up of flash memory cells having a greater bit per cell storage capacity than then prior layer and each layer may have a plurality of partitions for different data types. A controller managing the flash memory die is configured to identify an idle die and determine if a layer in the die satisfies a background maintenance criterion. Upon identifying a layer satisfying the background maintenance criterion, the valid data from reclaim blocks in the layer is relocated into a relocation block in the same layer until the relocation block is filled and the background maintenance cycle ends.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于执行后台维护操作的多层存储器和方法。存储器包括具有多个层的多个闪速存储器管芯，其中每个层由具有比之前的先前层更大的每个存储单元的位的闪存单元构成，并且每个层可以具有用于不同数据类型的多个分区。管理闪存芯片的控制器被配置为识别空闲裸片，并且确定模具中的层是否满足背景维护标准。在识别满足背景维护标准的层时，将层中回收块的有效数据重新定位到相同层中的重定位块中，直到重新定位块被填充并且后台维护周期结束。

9. 发明申请

US20140185376A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ASYNCHRONOUS DIE OPERATIONS IN A NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 有权
标题翻译：非易失性存储器中异步电机运行的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20140185376A1
公开(公告)日：2014-07-03
申请号：US13826848
申请日：2013-03-14
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair , Nicholas James Thomas , Barry Wright
IPC分类号： G11C16/10
CPC分类号： G11C16/10 , G06F3/0613 , G06F3/0658 , G06F3/0688 , G06F12/0246 , G11C11/5628 , G11C2211/5641
摘要： A mass storage memory system and method of operation is disclosed. The memory includes an interface adapted to receive data from a host, a plurality of flash memory die and a controller, where the controller is configured to receive a first command and read or write data synchronously across the plurality of die based on a first command, and to receive a second command and read or write data asynchronously and independently in each die based on a second command. The controller may program data in a maximum unit of programming for an individual one of the plurality of flash memory die. The controller may be a plurality of controllers each configured to select which die of an exclusive subset of die to write data based on characteristics of the die in the subset. The plurality of die may be multi-layer, and multi-partition per layer, flash memory die.
摘要翻译：公开了大容量存储存储器系统和操作方法。存储器包括适于从主机，多个闪存存储器模块和控制器接收数据的接口，其中控制器被配置为基于第一命令来接收第一命令并且跨多个管芯同步地读取或写入数据，并且基于第二命令接收第二命令并且在每个管芯中异步且独立地读取或写入数据。控制器可以针对多个闪存存储器芯片中的一个的最大编程单元编程数据。控制器可以是多个控制器，每个控制器被配置为基于子集中的管芯的特性来选择管芯的独占子集的哪个管芯写入数据。多个芯片可以是多层的，每层多分区，闪存芯片。

10. 发明授权

US07409489B2 Scheduling of reclaim operations in non-volatile memory 有权
标题翻译：在非易失性存储器中调度回收操作
公开(公告)号：US07409489B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US11259423
申请日：2005-10-25
申请人： Alan Welsh Sinclair
发明人： Alan Welsh Sinclair
IPC分类号： G06F12/00 , G11C11/34 , G11C16/04
CPC分类号： G06F17/30218 , G06F3/0605 , G06F3/0608 , G06F3/0613 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0644 , G06F3/0652 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G06F2212/7205 , G11C16/0483 , G11C16/102
摘要： In a non-volatile memory array, scheduling of reclaim operations to occur before a shortage of erased blocks arises avoids extended periods of reclaim that could exceed a time limit. A memory controller uses information regarding the data stored in the memory array to estimate the additional host data that may be programmed and the reclaim operations to be performed and schedules the reclaim operations to be evenly distributed between write operations until the memory is full.
摘要翻译：在非易失性存储器阵列中，在擦除块的不足之前发生的回收操作的调度避免了可能超过时间限制的延长的回收期。存储器控制器使用关于存储在存储器阵列中的数据的信息来估计可编程的附加主机数据和要执行的回收操作，并且将回收操作调度为在写操作之间均匀分布，直到存储器已满。

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