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1. 发明授权

US08856784B2 Decentralized management of virtualized hosts 有权
公开(公告)号：US08856784B2
公开(公告)日：2014-10-07
申请号：US13159935
申请日：2011-06-14
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F9/455 , G06F9/50 , H04L29/08 , G06F11/34
CPC分类号： G06F9/45533 , G06F9/5088 , G06F11/3433 , G06F2201/815 , H04L67/1008
摘要： One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a technique for effectively managing virtualized computing systems with an unlimited number of hardware resources. Host systems included in a virtualized computer system are organized into a scalable, peer-to-peer (P2P) network in which host systems arrange themselves into a network overlay to communicate with one another. The network overlay enables the host systems to perform a variety of operations, which include dividing computing resources of the host systems among a plurality of virtual machines (VMs), load balancing VMs across the host systems, and performing an initial placement of a VM in one of the host systems.

2. 发明授权

US08701107B2 Decentralized management of virtualized hosts 有权
标题翻译：虚拟主机的分散管理
公开(公告)号：US08701107B2
公开(公告)日：2014-04-15
申请号：US13160358
申请日：2011-06-14
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F9/455
CPC分类号： G06F9/5088 , G06F11/3433 , G06F2201/81 , G06F2201/815 , H04L43/0876 , H04L43/16 , H04L67/104
摘要： One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a technique for effectively managing virtualized computing systems with an unlimited number of hardware resources. Host systems included in a virtualized computer system are organized into a scalable, peer-to-peer (P2P) network in which host systems arrange themselves into a network overlay to communicate with one another. The network overlay enables the host systems to perform a variety of operations, which include dividing computing resources of the host systems among a plurality of virtual machines (VMs), load balancing VMs across the host systems, and performing an initial placement of a VM in one of the host systems.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个或多个实施例提供了一种用于以无限数量的硬件资源有效地管理虚拟化计算系统的技术。包括在虚拟化计算机系统中的主机系统被组织成可扩展的对等（P2P）网络，其中主机系统将其自身布置成网络覆盖以便彼此通信。网络覆盖使得主机系统能够执行各种操作，其包括在多个虚拟机（VM）中划分主机系统的计算资源，跨主机系统负载平衡VM，以及执行VM的初始放置其中一个主机系统。

3. 发明授权

US09467505B2 Saturation detection and admission control for storage devices 有权
标题翻译：存储设备的饱和度检测和准入控制
公开(公告)号：US09467505B2
公开(公告)日：2016-10-11
申请号：US12869878
申请日：2010-08-27
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Irfan Ahmad
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Ganesha Shanmuganathan , Irfan Ahmad
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , H04L29/08
CPC分类号： H04L67/1008 , H04L43/0852 , H04L43/16 , H04L43/50 , H04L67/1002 , H04L67/1097
摘要： Maximum throughput of a storage unit, and workload and latency values of the storage unit corresponding to a predefined fraction of the maximum throughput are estimated based on workloads and latencies that are monitored on the storage unit. The computed metrics are usable in a variety of different applications including admission control, storage load balancing, and enforcing quality of service in a shared storage environment.
摘要翻译：基于在存储单元上监视的工作负载和延迟来估计存储单元的最大吞吐量，以及对应于最大吞吐量的预定义分数的存储单元的工作负载和延迟值。所计算的度量可用于各种不同的应用，包括准入控制，存储负载平衡和在共享存储环境中实施服务质量。

4. 发明授权

US08417812B1 Methods and systems for detecting anomalies during IO accesses 有权
标题翻译：在IO访问期间检测异常的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08417812B1
公开(公告)日：2013-04-09
申请号：US12834324
申请日：2010-07-12
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Jyothir Ramanan , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Jyothir Ramanan , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F15/173
CPC分类号： H04L43/0876 , G06F3/06 , G06F11/00 , G06F11/0727 , G06F11/0757 , G06F11/3419 , G06F11/3485 , G06F2201/81 , G06F2201/815 , H04L43/0852 , H04L47/00 , H04L47/12 , H04L47/56 , H04L47/6275 , H04L67/1097 , H04L69/40
摘要： An anomaly in a shared input/ouput (IO) resource that is accessed by a plurality hosts or clients is detected when a host that is not bound by any QoS policy presents large workloads to a shared IO resource that is also accessed by hosts or clients that are governed by QoS policy. The anomaly detection triggers a response from the hosts or clients as a way to protect against the effect of the anomaly. The response is an increase in window sizes. The window sizes of the hosts or clients may be increased to the maximum window size or in proportion to their QoS shares.
摘要翻译：当未被任何QoS策略约束的主机向主机或客户端访问的共享IO资源提供大量工作负载时，会检测到由多个主机或客户机访问的共享输入/输出（IO）资源中的异常情况由QoS策略管理。异常检测触发主机或客户端的响应，作为防止异常的影响的一种方式。响应是窗口大小的增加。主机或客户端的窗口大小可以增加到最大窗口大小或者与它们的QoS份额成比例。

5. 发明授权

US07912951B2 Quality of service management 有权
标题翻译：服务质量管理
公开(公告)号：US07912951B2
公开(公告)日：2011-03-22
申请号：US12260054
申请日：2008-10-28
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F13/28 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A method and system for providing quality of service to a plurality of hosts accessing a common resource is described. According to one embodiment, a plurality of IO requests is received from clients executing as software entities on one of the hosts. An IO request queue for each client is separately managed, and an issue queue is populated based on contents of the IO request queues. When a host issue queue is not full, a new IO request is entered into the host issue queue and is issued to the common resource. A current average latency observed at the host is calculated, and an adjusted window size is calculated at least in part based on the current average latency. The window size of the issue queue is adjusted according to the calculated window size.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于向接入公共资源的多个主机提供服务质量的方法和系统。根据一个实施例，从作为主机之一上的软件实体执行的客户端接收到多个IO请求。每个客户端的IO请求队列被单独管理，并且基于IO请求队列的内容填充问题队列。当主机发出队列未满时，将向主机发出队列中输入新的IO请求，并发布给公共资源。计算在主机处观察到的当前平均延迟，并且基于当前平均延迟至少部分地计算经调整的窗口大小。根据计算的窗口大小调整问题队列的窗口大小。

6. 发明授权

US08935500B1 Distributed storage resource scheduler and load balancer 有权
标题翻译：分布式存储资源调度程序和负载均衡器
公开(公告)号：US08935500B1
公开(公告)日：2015-01-13
申请号：US13293516
申请日：2011-11-10
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger , Chethan Kumar
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger , Chethan Kumar
IPC分类号： G06F12/00
CPC分类号： G06F11/3485 , G06F3/0613 , G06F3/0647 , G06F3/067 , G06F11/3433 , G06F11/3452 , G06F2201/815 , G06F2206/1012
摘要： Distributed storage resources having multiple storage units are managed based on data collected from online monitoring of workloads on the storage units and performance characteristics of the storage units. The collected data is sampled at discrete time intervals over a time period of interest, such as a congested time period. Normalized load metrics are computed for each storage unit based on time-correlated sums of the workloads running on the storage unit over the time period of interest and the performance characteristic of the storage unit. Workloads that are migration candidates and storage units that are migration destinations are determined from a representative value of the computed normalized load metrics, which may be the 90th percentile value or a weighted sum of two or more different percentile values.
摘要翻译：基于从存储单元上的工作负载的在线监视和存储单元的性能特征收集的数据来管理具有多个存储单元的分布式存储资源。收集的数据在感兴趣的时间段（例如拥塞的时间段）以离散的时间间隔被采样。基于在感兴趣的时间段上存储单元上运行的工作负载和存储单元的性能特性的时间相关的和来计算每个存储单元的归一化负载度量。作为迁移目的地的迁移候选和存储单元的工作负载是根据计算的归一化负载度量的代表值确定的，其可以是第90百分位值或两个或多个不同百分位数值的加权和。

7. 发明授权

US08719401B1 Decentralized input/output resource management 有权
标题翻译：分散投入/产出资源管理
公开(公告)号：US08719401B1
公开(公告)日：2014-05-06
申请号：US12834473
申请日：2010-07-12
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Jyothir Ramanan , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Jyothir Ramanan , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , H04L12/56 , H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L47/283 , H04L43/00 , H04L43/0852 , H04L43/0864 , H04L47/19 , H04L47/2416 , H04L47/25 , H04L47/27 , H04L47/746 , H04L47/762 , H04L47/826 , H04L67/1097
摘要： A shared input/output (IO) resource is managed in a decentralized manner. Each of multiple hosts having IO access to the shared resource, computes an average latency value that is normalized with respect to average IO request sizes, and stores the computed normalized latency value for later use. The normalized latency values thus computed and stored may be used for a variety of different applications, including enforcing a quality of service (QoS) policy that is applied to the hosts, detecting a condition known as an anomaly where a host that is not bound by a QoS policy accesses the shared resource at a rate that impacts the level of service received by the plurality of hosts that are bound by the QoS policy, and migration of workloads between storage arrays to achieve load balancing across the storage arrays.
摘要翻译：共享的输入/输出（IO）资源以分散的方式进行管理。具有对共享资源的IO访问权的多个主机中的每一个计算相对于平均IO请求大小进行归一化的平均延迟值，并且存储所计算的归一化等待时间值以备以后使用。如此计算和存储的归一化等待时间值可以用于各种不同的应用，包括实施应用于主机的服务质量（QoS）策略，检测被称为异常的状况，其中不受 QoS策略以影响由QoS策略约束的多个主机所接收的服务等级的速率访问共享资源以及存储阵列之间的工作负载迁移以实现跨存储阵列的负载平衡。

8. 发明授权

US08510438B2 Quality of service management 有权
标题翻译：服务质量管理
公开(公告)号：US08510438B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-13
申请号：US13407236
申请日：2012-02-28
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F13/28 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A method for measuring latencies caused by processing performed within a common resource is provided. A current latency value representing a time of residency of an IO request in a queue prior to receipt of acknowledgment from the common resource of completion of the IO request is received from a device comprising the queue, which maintains entries for IO requests that have been dispatched to and are pending at the common resource. An average latency value is calculated based in part on the current latency value. An adjusted capacity size for the queue is calculated based in part on the average latency value and the queue's capacity is set to the adjusted capacity size. IO requests are held in a buffer if the queue's capacity is full to reduce the effect of an amount of work transmitted to the common resource on current latency values provided by the device.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于测量在公共资源内执行的处理引起的延迟的方法。从包括队列的设备接收来自公共IO请求完成的公共资源的确认之前，表示代表在队列中的IO请求的驻留时间的当前等待时间值，其维护已经被分派的IO请求的条目到共同的资源和正在等待。部分基于当前延迟值计算平均延迟值。基于平均延迟值部分地计算队列的调整容量大小，并且将队列的容量设置为调整的容量大小。如果队列的容量已满，IO请求将保留在缓冲区中，以减少传输到公共资源的工作量对设备提供的当前延迟值的影响。

9. 发明授权

US08127014B2 Quality of service management 有权
标题翻译：服务质量管理
公开(公告)号：US08127014B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-28
申请号：US13009978
申请日：2011-01-20
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Irfan Ahmad , Carl A. Waldspurger
IPC分类号： G06F15/173 , G06F15/16 , G06F5/00 , G06F9/46
CPC分类号： G06F9/52
摘要： A method and system for providing quality of service to a plurality of hosts accessing a common resource is described. According to one embodiment, a plurality of IO requests is received from clients executing as software entities on one of the hosts. An IO request queue for each client is separately managed, and an issue queue is populated based on contents of the IO request queues. When a host issue queue is not full, a new IO request is entered into the host issue queue and is issued to the common resource. A current average latency observed at the host is calculated, and an adjusted window size is calculated at least in part based on the current average latency. The window size of the issue queue is adjusted according to the calculated window size.
摘要翻译：描述了一种用于向接入公共资源的多个主机提供服务质量的方法和系统。根据一个实施例，从作为主机之一上的软件实体执行的客户端接收到多个IO请求。每个客户端的IO请求队列被单独管理，并且基于IO请求队列的内容填充问题队列。当主机发出队列未满时，将向主机发出队列中输入新的IO请求，并发布给公共资源。计算在主机处观察到的当前平均延迟，并且基于当前平均延迟至少部分地计算调整的窗口大小。根据计算的窗口大小调整问题队列的窗口大小。

10. 发明授权

US09026630B2 Managing resources in a distributed system using dynamic clusters 有权
标题翻译：使用动态集群管理分布式系统中的资源
公开(公告)号：US09026630B2
公开(公告)日：2015-05-05
申请号：US13160215
申请日：2011-06-14
申请人： Ajay Gulati , Ganesha Shanmuganathan
发明人： Ajay Gulati , Ganesha Shanmuganathan
IPC分类号： G06F15/16 , G06F15/173 , G06F9/50 , G06F15/177
CPC分类号： H04L47/783 , G06F9/45558 , G06F9/5033 , G06F9/5044 , G06F9/5088 , G06F2009/45595
摘要： One or more embodiments of the present invention provide a method for performing initial placement and load balancing of a data objects in a distributed system. The distributed system includes hardware resources, e.g., host systems and storage arrays, which are configured to execute and/or store data objects. A data object is initially placed into the distributed system by creating a virtual cluster of hardware resources that are compatible to execute and/or host the data object, and then selecting from the virtual cluster a hardware resource that is optimal for executing and/or hosting the data object. The data object is placed into the selected hardware resource, whereupon a load balancing operation is optionally performed across the virtual cluster. The virtual cluster is subsequently released, and the distributed system is returned to its original state with the data object included therein.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个或多个实施例提供了一种用于在分布式系统中执行数据对象的初始放置和负载平衡的方法。分布式系统包括被配置为执行和/或存储数据对象的硬件资源，例如主机系统和存储阵列。数据对象最初通过创建兼容于执行和/或托管数据对象的硬件资源的虚拟集群放入分布式系统中，然后从虚拟集群中选择最适于执行和/或托管的硬件资源数据对象。将数据对象放入所选择的硬件资源中，从而可选地在虚拟集群之间执行负载平衡操作。虚拟集群随后被释放，分布式系统返回到其原始状态，其中包含数据对象。

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