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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Fast forward link power control in a code division multiple access system
    • 快速连接功率控制在码分多址系统中
    • US6154659A
    • 2000-11-28
    • US998340
    • 1997-12-24
    • Ahmad JalaliLeo Strawczynski
    • Ahmad JalaliLeo Strawczynski
    • H04B7/005H04Q7/00
    • H04W52/24H04W52/12H04W52/225
    • The radiotelephone demodulates the information received from the base station. The symbol-energy-to-noise-density (E.sub.s /N.sub.o) is estimated over a specified duration. This estimate is compared to a target E.sub.s /N.sub.o value. The target is updated periodically in order to maintain the quality of service. If the measured E.sub.s /N.sub.o is greater than the target, the radiotelephone sends a power down command over a reverse power control signaling channel to the base station. If the measured E.sub.s /N.sub.o is less than the target, the radiotelephone sends a power up command to the base station over the same channel. A multi-carrier transceiver system for a code division multiple access system includes circuitry for up-converting processed user data to a plurality of frequency channels. The transceiver, in some embodiments, further includes a plurality of antennas for transmitting each channel of user data. A method of using the multi-carrier system includes processing user data, and then transmitting the data at different frequency channels, and when necessary, transmitting the data through different antennas separated in space and/or having orthogonal polarization.
    • 无线电话机解调从基站接收的信息。 在特定持续时间内估计符号 - 能量噪声密度(Es / No)。 将该估计与目标Es / No值进行比较。 定期更新目标,以保持服务质量。 如果测量的Es / No大于目标,则无线电话机通过反向功率控制信令信道向基站发送掉电命令。 如果测量的Es / No小于目标,则无线电话机通过相同的信道向基站发送加电命令。 用于码分多址系统的多载波收发机系统包括用于将经处理的用户数据上转换为多个频率信道的电路。 在一些实施例中,收发器还包括用于发送用户数据的每个通道的多个天线。 使用多载波系统的方法包括处理用户数据,然后在不同频率信道上发送数据,并且在必要时,通过在空间中分离的和/或具有正交极化的不同天线发送数据。
    • 2. 发明授权
    • Multi-carrier CDMA communications systems
    • 多载波CDMA通信系统
    • US6097712A
    • 2000-08-01
    • US879773
    • 1997-06-20
    • Norman P. SecordLeo StrawczynskiAlberto GutierrezAhmad Jalali
    • Norman P. SecordLeo StrawczynskiAlberto GutierrezAhmad Jalali
    • H04L5/02H04B7/216H04L27/30
    • H04L5/026
    • In a receiver of a simulcast multi-carrier CDMA (code division multiple access) communications system, a combined data signal is produced by combining signals representing data received for the plurality of carriers and is multiplied by the complex conjugate of a composite reference signal, representing characteristics of the plurality of carriers, produced by combining signals representing a reference signal received for the plurality of carriers, thereby improving multi-path resolution due to frequency diversity of the reference signal over the multiple carriers of the system. The receiver can be simplified by demodulating the signals of the plurality of carriers in common to produce a demodulated signal which is common to the data and reference signals for the plurality of carriers, the data and reference signals being subsequently separated using their respective orthogonal codes. Data signals can be recovered both with and without the improved multi-path resolution over the multiple carriers, and an optimum selection between them can be made.
    • 在联播多载波CDMA(码分多址)通信系统的接收机中,组合数据信号通过组合表示针对多个载波接收的数据的信号产生,并且乘以复合参考信号的复共轭,代表 通过组合表示为多个载波接收的参考信号的信号而产生的多个载波的特性,从而改善由于参考信号在系统的多个载波上的频率分集而导致的多径分辨率。 可以通过共同解调多个载波的信号来简化接收机,以产生对于多个载波的数据和参考信号共同的解调信号,随后使用它们各自的正交码分离数据和参考信号。 数据信号可以在多载波上具有和不具有改进的多径分辨率的情况下被恢复,并且可以在它们之间进行最佳的选择。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Method and apparatus for improving dual-polarization optical communication performance
    • 改善双极化光通信性能的方法和装置
    • US07894724B2
    • 2011-02-22
    • US11094396
    • 2005-03-31
    • Chandra BontuLeo Strawczynski
    • Chandra BontuLeo Strawczynski
    • H04B10/00
    • H04J14/06H04B10/2572
    • A method and system for averaging the effects of polarization distortions across a multitude of transmitted data streams in a dual polarization multiplexed optical communications system. Data streams are interleaved amongst each other in accordance with a predetermined pattern. The interleaved data streams are symbol mapped and modulated to provide a pair of optical signals. The pair of optical signals are orthogonally polarized, and multiplexed for transmission across an optical fiber. A receiver circuit receives the transmitted signal and extracts the interleaved data streams. The interleaved data streams are de-interleaved to generate the original data streams. While the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted via a single wavelength optical signal, the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted over two or more different wavelength optical signals to further mitigate the effects of polarization distortions.
    • 一种用于在双极化复用光通信系统中对多个传输数据流之间的偏振失真的影响进行平均的方法和系统。 数据流根据预定模式彼此交错。 交织的数据流被符号映射和调制以提供一对光信号。 这对光信号被正交极化,并被多路复用以在光纤之间传输。 接收机电路接收发送的信号并提取交织的数据流。 交织的数据流被解交织以产生原始数据流。 虽然数据流可以通过单波长光信号进行交织和传输,但数据流可以通过两个或多个不同波长的光信号进行交织和传输,以进一步减轻极化失真的影响。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Digital performance monitoring for an optical communications system
    • 光通信系统的数字性能监控
    • US07356256B1
    • 2008-04-08
    • US10629834
    • 2003-07-30
    • Leo StrawczynskiKim B. RobertsJohn McNicol
    • Leo StrawczynskiKim B. RobertsJohn McNicol
    • H04B10/08
    • H04B10/077H04B10/07955H04B2210/258
    • A digital performance monitoring method and system for an optical communications system utilizes a channel monitor and a digital signal processor (DSP). The channel monitor is designed to monitor a respective channel signal of the optical communications system, and includes a sample memory for storing sample data including a set of sequential N-bit (where N>1) samples generated by an Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter at a predetermined sample rate. The digital signal processor (DSP) is designed to calculate at least one performance parameter of the optical communications system based on the stored sample data. The sample rate of the A/D converter is at least equal to a baud rate of the channel, and preferably satisfies the Nyquist criterion. Multiple A/D converters may be used parallel to sample respective orthogonal components of the channel signal. In this case, the stored sample data may be representative of the complex E-field of the channel signal.
    • 用于光通信系统的数字性能监测方法和系统利用信道监视器和数字信号处理器(DSP)。 信道监视器被设计为监视光通信系统的相应信道信号,并且包括用于存储样本数据的采样存储器,该采样数据包括由模数(数字)信号产生的一组顺序N位(其中N≥1) A / D)转换器。 数字信号处理器(DSP)被设计为基于存储的采样数据来计算光通信系统的至少一个性能参数。 A / D转换器的采样率至少等于通道的波特率,并且优选地满足奈奎斯特准则。 可以并行地使用多个A / D转换器来采样信道信号的各个正交分量。 在这种情况下,存储的采样数据可以表示信道信号的复电场。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • Method and apparatus for improving dual-polarization optical communication performance
    • 改善双极化光通信性能的方法和装置
    • US20060228116A1
    • 2006-10-12
    • US11094396
    • 2005-03-31
    • Chandra BontuLeo Strawczynski
    • Chandra BontuLeo Strawczynski
    • H04B10/00
    • H04J14/06H04B10/2572
    • A method and system for averaging the effects of polarization distortions across a multitude of transmitted data streams in a dual polarization multiplexed optical communications system. Data streams are interleaved amongst each other in accordance with a predetermined pattern. The interleaved data streams are symbol mapped and modulated to provide a pair of optical signals. The pair of optical signals are orthogonally polarized, and multiplexed for transmission across an optical fibre. A receiver circuit receives the transmitted signal and extracts the interleaved data streams. The interleaved data streams are de-interleaved to generate the original data streams. While the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted via a single wavelength optical signal, the data streams can be interleaved and transmitted over two or more different wavelength optical signals to further mitigate the effects of polarization distortions.
    • 一种用于在双极化复用光通信系统中对多个传输数据流之间的偏振失真的影响进行平均的方法和系统。 数据流根据预定模式彼此交错。 交织的数据流被符号映射和调制以提供一对光信号。 这对光信号被正交极化,并被多路复用以在光纤之间传输。 接收机电路接收发送的信号并提取交织的数据流。 交织的数据流被解交织以产生原始数据流。 虽然数据流可以通过单波长光信号进行交织和传输,但数据流可以通过两个或多个不同波长的光信号进行交织和传输,以进一步减轻极化失真的影响。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Handoff procedures based on broadband networks
    • 基于宽带网络的切换过程
    • US06381232B1
    • 2002-04-30
    • US09221343
    • 1998-12-28
    • Leo StrawczynskiWilliam A. Gage
    • Leo StrawczynskiWilliam A. Gage
    • H04Q720
    • H04W36/18
    • Methods and apparatus are disclosed for improving performance of handoff in a telecommunications system having a plurality of base stations and a mobile unit in handoff communication (uplink only or in both uplink and downlink) with at least two of the base stations over at least first and second respective communications links. The first and second communications links each comprise at least one base station transceiver subsystem (BTS), at least one radio connection controller (RCC), at least one mobile switching center (MSC), and at least one transcoder or data server. The RCC checks whether a given information frame from any of the BTSs is valid. If one or more information frames is valid, then the RCC forwards a valid frame to the transcoder or a data server. If none of the received frames is valid, the RCC then decodes a R=1/n code constructed from data received from the BTSs and checks whether the decoded information frame is valid using a checksum or CRC transmitted with the information frame. If the information frame is valid, it is forwarded to the transcoder or data server. If it is not valid, then the RCC sends either an invalid frame, indicated as such, or a “control” frame indicating an “errored” invalid frame was received.
    • 公开了用于改善具有多个基站和移动单元的电信系统中的切换性能的方法和装置,所述移动单元在越区切换通信(仅在上行链路上,或仅在上行链路和下行链路中)与至少两个基站在至少第一和第 第二个相应的通信链路。 第一和第二通信链路各自包括至少一个基站收发器子系统(BTS),至少一个无线电连接控制器(RCC),至少一个移动交换中心(MSC)以及至少一个代码转换器或数据服务器。 RCC检查来自任何BTS的给定信息帧是否有效。 如果一个或多个信息帧有效,则RCC将有效帧转发到代码转换器或数据服务器。 如果接收到的帧都没有有效,则RCC对从BTS接收到的数据构成的R = 1 / n码进行解码,并使用与信息帧一起发送的校验和或CRC来检查解码信息帧是否有效。 如果信息帧有效,则转发到代码转换器或数据服务器。 如果无效,则RCC发送无效帧,如此指示,或者接收到指示“错误”无效帧的“控制”帧。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Methods and apparatus of N-chip resistant spreading in CDMA systems
    • CDMA系统中N芯片抗扩散的方法和装置
    • US06317422B1
    • 2001-11-13
    • US09060604
    • 1998-04-15
    • Farideh KhaleghiNorman P. SecordLeo Strawczynski
    • Farideh KhaleghiNorman P. SecordLeo Strawczynski
    • H04B7216
    • H04J13/10H04B2201/709709H04J13/0022
    • Methods and apparatus for generating spreading codes in a CDMA system are disclosed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention wherein the system includes a pseudonoise (PN) code generator and a logic device configured to replace a portion of a PN code generated by the PN code generator with at least one zero or to add at least one zero to a PN code generated by the PN code generator. The PN code generator generates a PN code made up of chips. One or more of these chips may be replaced by zeros or one or more zeros may be inserted between chips. Thus, when combined at a chip level with a substantially orthogonal code such as a Walsh code the resulting spreading code will be less effected and in some instances not effected at all by certain time delays inserted into the system (i.e time lag from multi-path dispersive transmissions).
    • 根据本发明的教导公开了用于在CDMA系统中产生扩展码的方法和装置,其中该系统包括伪噪声(PN)码发生器和被配置为替换由PN产生的PN码的一部分的逻辑装置 代码生成器,其具有至少一个零,或者将至少一个零加到由PN码发生器产生的PN码中。 PN码发生器产生由码片组成的PN码。 这些芯片中的一个或多个可以被零代替,或者可以在芯片之间插入一个或多个零。 因此,当在芯片级与诸如沃尔什码之类的基本上正交的代码组合时,所得到的扩展码将不太受到影响,并且在某些情况下根本不会通过插入到系统中的某些时间延迟来实现(即,从多路径 分散传输)。