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1. 发明授权

US08759055B2 Miniature biological fuel cell that is operational under physiological conditions, and associated devices and methods 有权
标题翻译：在生理条件下操作的微型生物燃料电池，以及相关的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08759055B2
公开(公告)日：2014-06-24
申请号：US12020459
申请日：2008-01-25
申请人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott C. Barton
发明人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott C. Barton
IPC分类号： C12N11/18 , C12Q1/26 , C12Q1/32 , G01N33/72 , H01M8/16
CPC分类号： H01M8/16 , C12Q1/26 , C12Q1/32 , G01N33/723 , Y02E60/527
摘要： A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a lacasse, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.
摘要翻译：燃料电池设有阳极和阴极。阳极与阳极酶电连通，阴极与阴极酶电连通。阳极酶优选为氧化酶或脱氢酶。阴极酶是含铜酶，例如lacasse，抗坏血酸氧化酶，血清白蛋白或胆红素氧化酶。优选地，阴极酶在生理条件下是可操作的。氧化还原聚合物用于将阳极酶连接到阳极，阴极酶连接到阴极。燃料电池的尺寸可以非常小，因为它不需要膜，密封件或外壳。燃料电池可以与诸如人类的生物系统结合使用，因为其可以在生理条件下操作。由于其在生理条件下的尺寸和可操作性，燃料电池对于要求植入人体的电源（例如各种医疗应用）的应用是特别有意义的。

2. 发明申请

US20080044721A1 MINIATURE BIOLOGICAL FUEL CELL THAT IS OPERATIONAL UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, AND ASSOCIATED DEVICES AND METHODS 有权
标题翻译：微生物生物燃料电池在生理条件下运行，相关设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080044721A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-21
申请号：US10427113
申请日：2003-05-01
申请人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Calabrese Barton
发明人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Calabrese Barton
IPC分类号： H01M4/90 , C12Q1/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/16 , C12Q1/26 , C12Q1/32 , G01N33/723 , Y02E60/527
摘要： A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a laccase, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.
摘要翻译：燃料电池设有阳极和阴极。阳极与阳极酶电连通，阴极与阴极酶电连通。阳极酶优选为氧化酶或脱氢酶。阴极酶是含铜酶，例如漆酶，抗坏血酸氧化酶，血清白蛋白或胆红素氧化酶。优选地，阴极酶在生理条件下是可操作的。氧化还原聚合物用于将阳极酶连接到阳极，阴极酶连接到阴极。燃料电池的尺寸可以非常小，因为它不需要膜，密封件或外壳。燃料电池可以与诸如人类的生物系统结合使用，因为其可以在生理条件下操作。由于其在生理条件下的尺寸和可操作性，燃料电池对于要求植入人体的电源（例如各种医疗应用）的应用是特别有意义的。

3. 发明授权

US07368190B2 Miniature biological fuel cell that is operational under physiological conditions, and associated devices and methods 有权
标题翻译：在生理条件下操作的微型生物燃料电池，以及相关的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US07368190B2
公开(公告)日：2008-05-06
申请号：US10427113
申请日：2003-05-01
申请人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Calabrese Barton
发明人： Adam Heller , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Calabrese Barton
IPC分类号： H01M8/16
CPC分类号： H01M8/16 , C12Q1/26 , C12Q1/32 , G01N33/723 , Y02E60/527
摘要： A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a laccase, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.
摘要翻译：燃料电池设有阳极和阴极。阳极与阳极酶电连通，阴极与阴极酶电连通。阳极酶优选为氧化酶或脱氢酶。阴极酶是含铜酶，例如漆酶，抗坏血酸氧化酶，血清白蛋白或胆红素氧化酶。优选地，阴极酶在生理条件下是可操作的。氧化还原聚合物用于将阳极酶连接到阳极，阴极酶连接到阴极。燃料电池的尺寸可以非常小，因为它不需要膜，密封件或外壳。燃料电池可以与诸如人类的生物系统结合使用，因为其可以在生理条件下操作。由于其在生理条件下的尺寸和可操作性，燃料电池对于要求植入人体的电源（例如各种医疗应用）的应用是特别有意义的。

4. 发明申请

US20080118782A1 MINIATURE BIOLOGICAL FUEL CELL THAT IS OPERATIONAL UNDER PHYSIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, AND ASSOCIATED DEVICES AND METHODS 有权
标题翻译：微生物生物燃料电池在生理条件下运行，相关设备和方法
公开(公告)号：US20080118782A1
公开(公告)日：2008-05-22
申请号：US12020459
申请日：2008-01-25
申请人： ADAM HELLER , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Barton
发明人： ADAM HELLER , Nicholas Mano , Hyug-Han Kim , Yongchao Zhang , Fei Mao , Ting Chen , Scott Barton
IPC分类号： H01M8/16
CPC分类号： H01M8/16 , C12Q1/26 , C12Q1/32 , G01N33/723 , Y02E60/527
摘要： A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme is a copper-containing enzyme, such as a lacasse, an ascorbate oxidase, a ceruloplasmine, or a bilirubin oxidase. Preferably, the cathode enzyme is operable under physiological conditions. Redox polymers serve to wire the anode enzyme to the anode and the cathode enzyme to the cathode. The fuel cell can be very small in size because it does not require a membrane, seal, or case. The fuel cell can be used in connection with a biological system, such as a human, as it may operate at physiological conditions. By virtue of its size and operability at physiological conditions, the fuel cell is of particular interest for applications calling for a power source implanted in a human body, such as a variety of medical applications.
摘要翻译：燃料电池设有阳极和阴极。阳极与阳极酶电连通，阴极与阴极酶电连通。阳极酶优选为氧化酶或脱氢酶。阴极酶是含铜酶，例如lacasse，抗坏血酸氧化酶，血清白蛋白或胆红素氧化酶。优选地，阴极酶在生理条件下是可操作的。氧化还原聚合物用于将阳极酶连接到阳极，阴极酶连接到阴极。燃料电池的尺寸可以非常小，因为它不需要膜，密封件或外壳。燃料电池可以与诸如人类的生物系统结合使用，因为其可以在生理条件下操作。由于其在生理条件下的尺寸和可操作性，燃料电池对于要求植入人体的电源（例如各种医疗应用）的应用是特别有意义的。

5. 发明申请

US20090095642A1 TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES WITH PYRIDYL-IMIDAZOLE LIGANDS 有权
标题翻译：过渡金属络合物与吡啶基咪唑配位体
公开(公告)号：US20090095642A1
公开(公告)日：2009-04-16
申请号：US12102749
申请日：2008-04-14
申请人： Tianmei Ouyang , Zenghe Liu , John LaTour , Ting Chen , Lam N. Tran , Benjamin Feldman , Fei Mao , Adam Heller
发明人： Tianmei Ouyang , Zenghe Liu , John LaTour , Ting Chen , Lam N. Tran , Benjamin Feldman , Fei Mao , Adam Heller
IPC分类号： C12Q1/32 , G01N27/26
CPC分类号： C07F1/005 , C07F15/0026
摘要： Enzyme-based electrochemical sensors comprising transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators and include substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl-imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.
摘要翻译：描述了包含铁，钴，钌，锇和钒的过渡金属络合物的基于酶的电化学传感器。过渡金属络合物可用作氧化还原介体，包括取代或未取代的吡啶基 - 咪唑配体。还描述了连接到聚合物主链上的过渡金属络合物。

6. 发明授权

US08728297B2 Small volume in vitro analyte sensor 有权
标题翻译：体积小体积分析物传感器
公开(公告)号：US08728297B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-20
申请号：US11279694
申请日：2006-04-13
申请人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
发明人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
IPC分类号： G01N27/327
CPC分类号： G01N27/3272 , C12Q1/001 , C12Q1/006 , C12Q1/32 , G01N27/3271 , G01N27/3274 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49004 , Y10T29/49007 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/4913 , Y10T29/49147 , Y10T29/49155 , Y10T29/49204 , Y10T29/49208 , Y10T29/4921 , Y10T29/49794 , Y10T156/1052
摘要： A sensor utilizing a non-leachable or diffusible redox mediator is described. The sensor includes a sample chamber to hold a sample in electrolytic contact with a working electrode, and in at least some instances, the sensor also contains a non-leachable or a diffusible second electron transfer agent. The sensor and/or the methods used produce a sensor signal in response to the analyte that can be distinguished from a background signal caused by the mediator. The invention can be used to determine the concentration of a biomolecule, such as glucose or lactate, in a biological fluid, such as blood or serum, using techniques such as coulometry, amperometry, and potentiometry. An enzyme capable of catalyzing the electrooxidation or electroreduction of the biomolecule is typically provided as a second electron transfer agent.
摘要翻译：描述了利用不可浸出或可扩散的氧化还原介体的传感器。传感器包括用于保持样品与工作电极电解接触的样品室，并且在至少一些情况下，传感器还含有不可浸出或可扩散的第二电子转移剂。传感器和/或所使用的方法响应于能够与介体引起的背景信号区分的分析物产生传感器信号。本发明可用于使用诸如库仑法，电流分析法和电位法的技术来确定生物流体如血液或血清中的生物分子如葡萄糖或乳酸盐的浓度。通常可以提供能够催化生物分子的电氧化或电还原的酶作为第二电子转移剂。

7. 发明授权

US08512534B2 Redox polymers 有权
标题翻译：氧化还原聚合物
公开(公告)号：US08512534B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-20
申请号：US13215009
申请日：2011-08-22
申请人： Fei Mao , Adam Heller
发明人： Fei Mao , Adam Heller
IPC分类号： C07F15/00 , G01N27/327
CPC分类号： A61B5/1486 , A61B5/14532 , A61B5/1477 , C07F9/005 , C07F15/0026 , C07F15/0053 , C07F15/025 , C07F15/065 , C08F8/42 , C08F8/44 , C09B57/10 , C12Q1/004
摘要： Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme based electrochemical sensors. In such instances, transition metal complexes accept electrons from, or transfer electrons to, enzymes at a high rate and also exchange electrons rapidly with the sensor. The transition metal complexes include at least one substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand and may further include a second substituted or unsubstituted biimidazole ligand or a substituted or unsubstituted bipyridine or pyridylimidazole ligand. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.
摘要翻译：描述了铁，钴，钌，锇和钒的新型过渡金属络合物。过渡金属络合物可用作酶基电化学传感器中的氧化还原介质。在这种情况下，过渡金属配合物以高速率接受电子或将电子转移到酶，并且还与传感器快速交换电子。过渡金属络合物包括至少一个取代或未取代的双咪唑配体，并且还可以包括第二取代或未取代的双咪唑配体或取代或未取代的联吡啶或吡啶基咪唑配体。还描述了连接到聚合物主链上的过渡金属络合物。

8. 发明授权

US08192611B2 Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods of making 有权
标题翻译：体积小体积分析物传感器和制作方法
公开(公告)号：US08192611B2
公开(公告)日：2012-06-05
申请号：US12569201
申请日：2009-09-29
申请人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
发明人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
IPC分类号： G01N27/327
CPC分类号： G01N27/3272 , C12Q1/001 , C12Q1/006 , C12Q1/32 , G01N27/3271 , G01N27/3274 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49004 , Y10T29/49007 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/4913 , Y10T29/49147 , Y10T29/49155 , Y10T29/49204 , Y10T29/49208 , Y10T29/4921 , Y10T29/49794 , Y10T156/1052
摘要： A sensor utilizing a non-leachable or diffusible redox mediator is described. The sensor includes a sample chamber to hold a sample in electrolytic contact with a working electrode, and in at least some instances, the sensor also contains a non-leachable or a diffusible second electron transfer agent. The sensor and/or the methods used produce a sensor signal in response to the analyte that can be distinguished from a background signal caused by the mediator. The invention can be used to determine the concentration of a biomolecule, such as glucose or lactate, in a biological fluid, such as blood or serum, using techniques such as coulometry, amperometry, and potentiometry. An enzyme capable of catalyzing the electrooxidation or electroreduction of the biomolecule is typically provided as a second electron transfer agent.
摘要翻译：描述了利用不可浸出或可扩散的氧化还原介体的传感器。传感器包括用于保持样品与工作电极电解接触的样品室，并且在至少一些情况下，传感器还含有不可浸出或可扩散的第二电子转移剂。传感器和/或所使用的方法响应于能够与介体引起的背景信号区分的分析物产生传感器信号。本发明可用于使用诸如库仑法，电流分析法和电位法的技术来确定生物流体如血液或血清中的生物分子如葡萄糖或乳酸盐的浓度。通常可以提供能够催化生物分子的电氧化或电还原的酶作为第二电子转移剂。

9. 发明授权

US08083924B2 Small volume in vitro analyte sensor and methods of making 有权
公开(公告)号：US08083924B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-27
申请号：US12568928
申请日：2009-09-29
申请人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
发明人： Benjamin J. Feldman , Adam Heller , Ephraim Heller , Fei Mao , Joseph A. Vivolo , Jeffery V. Funderburk , Fredric C. Colman , Rajesh Krishnan
IPC分类号： G01N27/327
CPC分类号： G01N27/3272 , C12Q1/001 , C12Q1/006 , C12Q1/32 , G01N27/3271 , G01N27/3274 , Y10T29/49002 , Y10T29/49004 , Y10T29/49007 , Y10T29/49126 , Y10T29/49128 , Y10T29/4913 , Y10T29/49147 , Y10T29/49155 , Y10T29/49204 , Y10T29/49208 , Y10T29/4921 , Y10T29/49794 , Y10T156/1052
摘要： A sensor utilizing a non-leachable or diffusible redox mediator is described. The sensor includes a sample chamber to hold a sample in electrolytic contact with a working electrode, and in at least some instances, the sensor also contains a non-leachable or a diffusible second electron transfer agent. The sensor and/or the methods used produce a sensor signal in response to the analyte that can be distinguished from a background signal caused by the mediator. The invention can be used to determine the concentration of a biomolecule, such as glucose or lactate, in a biological fluid, such as blood or serum, using techniques such as coulometry, amperometry; and potentiometry. An enzyme capable of catalyzing the electrooxidation or electroreduction of the biomolecule is typically provided as a second electron transfer agent.

10. 发明授权

US08070934B2 Transition metal complexes with (pyridyl)imidazole ligands 有权
标题翻译：与（吡啶基）咪唑配体的过渡金属络合物
公开(公告)号：US08070934B2
公开(公告)日：2011-12-06
申请号：US11933219
申请日：2007-10-31
申请人： Fei Mao , Adam Heller
发明人： Fei Mao , Adam Heller
IPC分类号： G01N27/327 , C07H15/00
CPC分类号： C07F15/0026 , C07F1/005
摘要： Novel transition metal complexes of iron, cobalt, ruthenium, osmium, and vanadium are described. The transition metal complexes can be used as redox mediators in enzyme-based electrochemical sensors. The transition metal complexes include substituted or unsubstituted (pyridyl)imidazole ligands. Transition metal complexes attached to polymeric backbones are also described.
摘要翻译：描述了铁，钴，钌，锇和钒的新型过渡金属络合物。过渡金属络合物可用作酶基电化学传感器中的氧化还原介质。过渡金属络合物包括取代或未取代的（吡啶基）咪唑配体。还描述了连接到聚合物主链上的过渡金属络合物。

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