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1. 发明授权

US4680533A Protection arrangement for switching device of a capacitive load pulser circuit 失效
标题翻译：电容性负载脉冲发生器电路的开关装置的保护装置
公开(公告)号：US4680533A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US761459
申请日：1985-08-01
申请人： Abdallah M. Itani , Gerald J. Carlson , Peter W. Dietz
发明人： Abdallah M. Itani , Gerald J. Carlson , Peter W. Dietz
IPC分类号： H03K3/53 , B03C3/68 , B08B6/00 , H03K3/57 , H03K17/082 , B03C3/01
CPC分类号： H03K3/57 , H03K17/0824
摘要： A method and apparatus for protecting switching elements, and in particular, thyristor switching elements, which are used to supply pulses to a capacitive load, from damage resulting from sparkover occurring in that load are described. The load voltage pulse is characterized by a period of rising voltage followed by a period of falling voltage, these two periods being separated by a transition period of maximum vulnerability of the switching element to damage from sparkover. Specifically, during this period of maximum vulnerability of the switching elments to damage, a gate trigger pulse is applied to the elements to cause them to resume a conductive state, independent of the occurrence of an abnormal sparkover condition.
摘要翻译：描述了用于保护用于向电容性负载提供脉冲的开关元件，特别是用于向负载中发生的火花发生的损害的晶闸管开关元件的保护方法和装置。负载电压脉冲的特征在于上升电压的周期，随后是一个下降的电压周期，这两个周期被开关元件的最大漏洞的过渡期间分隔成火花塞损坏。具体地说，在这种开关损坏的最大脆弱性的这段时间内，栅极触发脉冲被施加到这些元件以使它们恢复导通状态，而与发生异常的火花放电状况无关。

2. 发明授权

US4680532A False triggering protection for switching device of a capacitive load pulser circuit 失效
标题翻译：对容性负载脉冲发生器电路的开关装置的假触发保护
公开(公告)号：US4680532A
公开(公告)日：1987-07-14
申请号：US761458
申请日：1985-08-01
申请人： Abdallah M. Itani , Peter W. Dietz , Gerald J. Carlson
发明人： Abdallah M. Itani , Peter W. Dietz , Gerald J. Carlson
IPC分类号： H03K3/53 , B03C3/68 , B08B6/00 , H03K3/57 , H03K17/082 , B03C3/01
CPC分类号： H03K17/0824 , H03K3/57 , Y10S323/903
摘要： A method and apparatus for protecting switching elements, and in particular, thyristor switching elements, which are used to supply pulses to a capacitive load, from damage resulting from false triggering signals, i.e., triggering signals not accompanied by actual sparkover conditions in the load. Since termination of normal pulse cycles in such pulser systems are accomplished by a return to high forward voltage across the switching elements, false triggers generated closely prior to such termination and within the forward recovery time of a thyristor switching element present a danger that the termination of a normal cycle will result in a weak turn-on and consequent damage of the switching element. By insuring that all such potentially false triggers have a duration which extends past termination of the pulse cycle damage to the switching element resulting from such false triggers is inhibited.
摘要翻译：一种用于保护开关元件的方法和装置，特别是用于向容性负载提供脉冲的开关元件，以防止由错误触发信号引起的损坏，即触发不伴随负载中实际火花放电条件的信号。由于这种脉冲发生器系统中的正常脉冲周期的终止是通过跨越开关元件返回到高正向电压来实现的，所以在这种终止之前和在晶闸管开关元件的正向恢复时间内紧密地产生的错误触发器具有危险，正常的循环将导致开关元件的弱导通和随之的损坏。通过确保所有这样的潜在的假触发器具有持续时间，该持续时间延长到由这种错误触发引起的对开关元件的脉冲周期损坏的终止。

3. 发明授权

US6125169A Target integral heat shield for x-ray tubes 失效
标题翻译：目标X射线管整体式热屏蔽
公开(公告)号：US6125169A
公开(公告)日：2000-09-26
申请号：US994631
申请日：1997-12-19
申请人： Norman E. Wandke , Gerald J. Carlson , Lester D. Miller , Qing Lu
发明人： Norman E. Wandke , Gerald J. Carlson , Lester D. Miller , Qing Lu
IPC分类号： H01J35/10
CPC分类号： H01J35/101 , H01J2235/167
摘要： An x-ray tube includes an envelope defining an evacuated chamber in which an anode assembly is rotatably mounted to a bearing assembly and interacts with a cathode assembly for production of x-rays. The x-ray tube further includes a heat shield disposed in the envelope. The heat shield serves to reduce heat radiating from the anode assembly which is transferred to the bearing assembly or otherwise serves to insulate the bearing assembly from such radiated heat. The heat shield is brazed or otherwise bonded to the anode assembly and is comprised of a material having a low emissivity so that a minimum amount of heat radiates through the heat shield.
摘要翻译： X射线管包括限定真空室的外壳，其中阳极组件可旋转地安装到轴承组件并与阴极组件相互作用以产生x射线。 X射线管还包括设置在信封中的热屏蔽。热屏蔽件用于减少从阳极组件辐射的热量，该阳极组件被传送到轴承组件或用于使轴承组件与这种辐射热绝缘。隔热板被钎焊或以其它方式结合到阳极组件，并且由具有低发射率的材料组成，使得最小量的热量通过隔热罩辐射。

4. 发明申请

US20120099703A1 ANODE DISK ELEMENT COMPRISING A HEAT DISSIPATING ELEMENT 有权
标题翻译：包含热消散元件的阳极盘元件
公开(公告)号：US20120099703A1
公开(公告)日：2012-04-26
申请号：US13378845
申请日：2010-06-24
申请人： Kevin Kraft , Gerald J. Carlson , Paul Xu
发明人： Kevin Kraft , Gerald J. Carlson , Paul Xu
IPC分类号： H01J35/10 , B21D53/02 , G01N23/04
CPC分类号： H01J35/105 , H01J2235/081 , H01J2235/1204 , H01J2235/1291 , Y10T29/4935
摘要： The present invention relates to X-ray tube technology in general. Most of the energy applied to the focal spot via electron bombardment is converted to heat; the generation of electromagnetic radiation may be considered to be quite inefficient. One of the central limitations of X-ray tubes is the cooling, thus the dissipation of heat, of the anode element, in particular the focal track. Consequently, an anode disk element that may sustain increased heat while still maintaining structural integrity and furthermore that may provide improved dissipation of heat from the focal track is presented. According to the present invention, an anode disk element (1), comprising an anisotropic thermal conductivity, for the generation of X-rays is provided. The anode disk element (1) comprises a focal track (4) and at least one heat dissipating element (5). The anode disk element (1) is rotatable about a rotational axis (6) with the focal track (4) being rotationally symmetrical to the rotational axis (6). The at least one heat dissipating element (5) is adapted for heat dissipation from the focal track (4) in the direction of reduced thermal conductivity of the anode disk element (1).
摘要翻译：本发明一般涉及X射线管技术。通过电子轰击施加到焦点的大部分能量被转换成热; 电磁辐射的产生可能被认为是非常低效的。 X射线管的一个中心局限性是冷却，因此阳极元件的散热，特别是焦点轨迹。因此，提供了可以维持增加的热同时仍然保持结构完整性并且还可以提供来自焦点轨道的改善的散热的阳极盘元件。根据本发明，提供了一种用于产生X射线的包括各向异性热导率的阳极盘元件（1）。阳极盘元件（1）包括焦点轨道（4）和至少一个散热元件（5）。阳极盘元件（1）可绕旋转轴线（6）旋转，其中焦点轨道（4）与旋转轴线（6）旋转对称。所述至少一个散热元件（5）适于在所述阳极盘元件（1）的热导率降低的方向上从所述焦点轨道（4）散热。

5. 发明授权

US6005918A X-ray tube window heat shield 失效
标题翻译： X射线管窗隔热罩
公开(公告)号：US6005918A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US994637
申请日：1997-12-19
申请人： Jason P. Harris , Gerald J. Carlson , Lester D. Miller
发明人： Jason P. Harris , Gerald J. Carlson , Lester D. Miller
IPC分类号： G21K5/00 , H01J35/00 , H01J35/18 , H05G1/00
CPC分类号： H01J35/18 , H01J2235/168
摘要： An x-ray tube includes an envelope defining an evacuated chamber and having a window transmissive to x-rays. An anode assembly and a cathode assembly operate within the envelope to produce x-rays which travel through the window transmissive to x-rays towards a patient or subject under examination. A shield transmissive to x-rays is coupled to the envelope and positioned such that x-rays traveling through the window transmissive to x-rays must first travel through the shield. The shield prevents substantially all secondary electrons created during the production of x-rays from coming into contact with the window transmissive to x-rays thereby preventing excessive heating of the window transmissive to x-rays. An electrode defined by the envelope in a region proximate the window transmissive to x-rays may additionally or alternatively be used to prevent secondary electrons from reaching the window transmissive to x-rays.
摘要翻译： X射线管包括限定真空室并具有透射X射线的窗口的外壳。阳极组件和阴极组件在外壳内操作以产生X射线，X射线穿过透射X射线的窗口朝向被检查的患者或受试者。透射到X射线的屏蔽件耦合到外壳并定位成使得穿过透过窗口的窗口的x射线必须首先穿过屏蔽件。屏蔽件可防止在x射线产生期间产生的所有二次电子与透射X射线的窗口接触，从而防止透射X射线的窗口的过度加热。由透射到x射线的靠近窗口的区域中的包络限定的电极可以附加地或替代地用于防止二次电子到达透射X射线的窗口。

6. 发明授权

US06295338B1 Oil cooled bearing assembly 失效
标题翻译：油冷轴承总成
公开(公告)号：US06295338B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-25
申请号：US09428795
申请日：1999-10-28
申请人： Daniel E. Kuzniar , Jason P. Harris , Gerald J. Carlson
发明人： Daniel E. Kuzniar , Jason P. Harris , Gerald J. Carlson
IPC分类号： H01J3510
CPC分类号： H01J35/101 , H01J2235/1046 , H01J2235/1053 , H01J2235/1208
摘要： An x-ray tube (20) comprising a cathode (23) and an anode (24) in operative relationship with the cathode (23). The anode (24) is mounted on a stem (32). The x-ray tube includes at least one bearing (58) rotatably receiving the stem (32). The at least one bearing (58) has an outer bearing race (66) in an outer race member, an inner bearing race (62) and a plurality of bearing members (64) operatively disposed between the inner and outer bearing races. The x-ray tube (20) also includes an evacuated envelope (78) which encloses the tube components and receives the outer race member of the at least one bearing (58) in thermally conductive contact along an inner surface (79).
摘要翻译：一种包括与阴极（23）有效关系的阴极（23）和阳极（24）的X射线管（20）。阳极（24）安装在杆（32）上。 X射线管包括至少一个可旋转地接收杆（32）的轴承（58）。所述至少一个轴承（58）在外座圈构件中具有外轴承座（66），内轴承座（62）和可操作地设置在所述内轴承座和所述外轴承座之间的多个轴承构件（64）。 X射线管（20）还包括抽真空的外壳（78），其包围管部件并且沿着内表面（79）以导热接触的方式接纳至少一个轴承（58）的外座圈部件。

7. 发明授权

US06208706B1 Method and apparatus to increase the operational time of a tomographic scanner 失效
标题翻译：增加断层扫描仪操作时间的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06208706B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-27
申请号：US09178801
申请日：1998-10-26
申请人： Robert B. Campbell , Gerald J. Carlson
发明人： Robert B. Campbell , Gerald J. Carlson
IPC分类号： G01N2300
CPC分类号： H05G1/56 , H05G1/36 , H05G1/54 , H05G1/70
摘要： A CT scanner includes a stationary gantry (10) defining an examination region (12) and a rotating gantry (16) which rotates about the examination region. At least two x-ray tubes (18a, 18b), each capable of producing a beam of radiation directed through the examination region, are mounted to the rotating gantry. The x-ray tubes are switchably connected to an electrical power supply (24). X-rays are detected by an arc of x-ray detectors (14) which generate signals indicative of the radiation received. These signals are processed by a reconstruction processor (32) into an image representation. A thermal calculator (60) estimates when an anode in one of the x-ray tubes (18) reaches a selected temperature. The thermal calculator (60) controls a switch (28) which is electrically connected between the x-ray tubes and the power supply. The switch selectively switches power from the power supply alternately to the x-ray tubes. Each time the thermal calculator estimates that the anode of one of the x-ray tubes has reached selected temperature, that tube is switched off and the other tube is switched on.
摘要翻译： CT扫描器包括限定检查区域（12）的固定机架（10）和围绕检查区域旋转的旋转机架（16）。至少两个能够产生穿过检查区域的辐射束的X射线管（18a，18b）安装到旋转机架上。 X射线管可切换地连接到电源（24）。通过产生指示接收的辐射的信号的X射线检测器（14）的弧检测X射线。这些信号由重建处理器（32）处理成图像表示。热计算器（60）估计其中一个X射线管（18）中的阳极达到所选择的温度。热计算器（60）控制电连接在X射线管和电源之间的开关（28）。开关选择性地将电源从电源交替地切换到X射线管。每当热计算器估计其中一个X射线管的阳极达到选定温度时，该管被关闭，另一个管被接通。

8. 发明授权

US4068306A X-ray data acquisition system and method for calibration 失效
标题翻译： X射线数据采集系统和校准方法
公开(公告)号：US4068306A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-10
申请号：US704415
申请日：1976-07-12
申请人： Arthur C. M. Chen , William D. Barber , Walter H. Berninger , Gerald J. Carlson , Norman C. Gittinger , James R. Whitten
发明人： Arthur C. M. Chen , William D. Barber , Walter H. Berninger , Gerald J. Carlson , Norman C. Gittinger , James R. Whitten
IPC分类号： A61B6/00 , A61B6/03 , G06T11/00 , H03M1/00 , H03K13/02 , G01N23/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/583 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/585 , H03M1/1023 , Y10S378/901
摘要： A tomographic x-ray imaging system comprises a large plurality of parallel data acquisition channels which integrate and digitize signals from an array of x-ray detectors. Calibration pulses are injected into each data acquisition channel to permit measurement of drift in electronic gain and dc offset parameters. Separate x-ray detectors continuously monitor the intensity of the x-ray source.The measured values for channel gains, dc offsets, and source intensity are fed to a digital computer where they are automatically combined with x-ray transmission data to compensate for system drift and extend the period between calibration measurements.
摘要翻译：断层X射线成像系统包括大量并行数据采集通道，它们集成并数字化来自X射线检测器阵列的信号。校准脉冲被注入到每个数据采集通道中，以允许测量电子增益和直流偏移参数中的漂移。分开的x射线探测器连续监测x射线源的强度。

9. 发明授权

US08923485B2 Anode disk element comprising a heat dissipating element 有权
标题翻译：阳极盘元件包括散热元件
公开(公告)号：US08923485B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-30
申请号：US13378845
申请日：2010-06-24
申请人： Kevin Kraft , Gerald J. Carlson , Paul Xu
发明人： Kevin Kraft , Gerald J. Carlson , Paul Xu
IPC分类号： H01J35/08 , H01J35/10 , H01J35/12
CPC分类号： H01J35/105 , H01J2235/081 , H01J2235/1204 , H01J2235/1291 , Y10T29/4935
摘要： An anode disk element for the generation of X-rays that provides improved dissipation of heat from a focal track includes an anisotropic thermal conductivity. The anode disk element includes a focal track and at least one heat dissipating element. The anode disk element is rotatable about a rotational axis with the focal track being rotationally symmetrical to the rotational axis. The at least one heat dissipating element is configured for heat dissipation from the focal track in the direction of reduced thermal conductivity of the anode disk element.
摘要翻译：用于产生X射线的阳极盘元件提供来自焦轨的热量的改善的散热包括各向异性热导率。阳极盘元件包括焦点轨道和至少一个散热元件。阳极盘元件可以围绕旋转轴线旋转，其中焦点轨道与旋转轴线旋转对称。所述至少一个散热元件构造成在阳极盘元件的热导率降低的方向上从焦点轨道散热。

10. 发明授权

US5978447A X-ray tube straddle bearing assembly 失效
标题翻译： X射线管跨越轴承组件
公开(公告)号：US5978447A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-02
申请号：US967475
申请日：1997-11-11
申请人： Gerald J. Carlson , Jason P. Harris
发明人： Gerald J. Carlson , Jason P. Harris
IPC分类号： H01J35/10
CPC分类号： H01J35/101 , H01J2235/1046
摘要： A rotating assembly 79 includes an anode assembly 55 coupled to a shaft 70 and a rotor 75 including a rotor body 77. The anode assembly 55 includes an elongated neck portion 58 and is rotated via the shaft 70 about an axis of rotation 65 in an x-ray tube 12. The shaft 70 is mounted by a straddle bearing assembly 68 having a bearing housing 100. The bearing housing 100 includes a first elongated portion 101 and second elongated portion 102, and a base portion 103. The first elongated portion 101 and the second elongated portion 102 each pass through a center of mass C of the rotating assembly 79 and define an cooling duct 119 for removing heat from the anode assembly 55 during operations. A first bearing 90a and a second bearing 90b are disposed in the bearing housing 100 on opposite sides of the center of mass C of the rotating assembly 79. The first bearing 90a and the second bearing 90b are received between inner races 82a, 82b defined by the shaft 70 and outer races 92a, 92b defined by an outer bearing member 94 adjacent the second elongated portion 102. The second bearing 90b is positioned such that it is always in a closer thermal conductive path to a peripheral edge of the anode assembly 55 than the first bearing 90a regardless of an amount of load of the rotating assembly 79 supported by the first or second bearing.
摘要翻译：旋转组件79包括耦合到轴70的阳极组件55和包括转子体77的转子75.阳极组件55包括细长的颈部部分58，并且经由轴70绕x轴旋转的轴线65旋转轴70由具有轴承壳体100的跨越轴承组件68安装。轴承壳体100包括第一细长部分101和第二细长部分102以及基部103.第一细长部分101和第二细长部分102各自穿过旋转组件79的质心C并且限定了用于在操作期间从阳极组件55移除热量的冷却管道119。第一轴承90a和第二轴承90b在旋转组件79的质心C的相对侧上布置在轴承壳体100中。第一轴承90a和第二轴承90b被接收在由内部轴承90a和82b限定的内圈82a，82b之间轴70和由邻近第二细长部分102的外部轴承部件94限定的外部轴承92a，92b。第二轴承90b被定位成使得其总是处于比阳极组件55的周边边缘更靠近的导热路径，第一轴承90a，而不管由第一或第二轴承支撑的旋转组件79的负载量。

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