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1. 发明申请

WO2011085357A2 CONTROLLING AND STAGGERING OPERATIONS TO LIMIT CURRENT SPIKES 审中-公开
标题翻译：控制和分析操作限制当前SPIMP
公开(公告)号：WO2011085357A2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-14
申请号：PCT/US2011/020801
申请日：2011-01-11
申请人： APPLE, INC. , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J. , HERMAN, Kenneth , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , SEROFF, Nick , THIO, Hsiao , BYOM, Matthew
发明人： WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J. , HERMAN, Kenneth , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , SEROFF, Nick , THIO, Hsiao , BYOM, Matthew
IPC分类号： G06F1/26 , G06F1/32
CPC分类号： G11C16/30 , G06F1/26 , G06F1/3203
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for managing the peak power consumption of a system, such as a non-volatile memory system (e.g., flash memory system). The system can include multiple subsystems and a controller for controlling the subsystems. Each subsystem may have a current profile that is peaky. Thus, the controller may control the peak power of the system by, for example, limiting the number of subsystems that can perform power-intensive operations at the same time or by aiding a subsystem in determining the peak power that the subsystem may consume at any given time.
摘要翻译：公开了用于管理诸如非易失性存储器系统（例如，闪存系统）的系统的峰值功率消耗的系统和方法。该系统可以包括多个子系统和用于控制子系统的控制器。每个子系统可以具有峰值的当前轮廓。因此，控制器可以通过例如限制可以同时执行功率密集型操作的子系统的数量来控制系统的峰值功率，或通过辅助子系统来确定子系统可能消耗的峰值功率给定时间

2. 发明申请

WO2012030547A1 HANDLING ERRORS DURING DEVICE BOOTUP FROM A NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 审中-公开
标题翻译：在非易失性存储器的设备引导期间处理错误
公开(公告)号：WO2012030547A1
公开(公告)日：2012-03-08
申请号：PCT/US2011/048223
申请日：2011-08-18
申请人： APPLE INC. , BYOM, Matthew , HERMAN, Kenneth , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J.
发明人： BYOM, Matthew , HERMAN, Kenneth , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J.
IPC分类号： G06F11/07
CPC分类号： G06F11/0793 , G06F11/0721 , G06F11/0787 , G06F11/1433
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for handling errors during device bootup from a non-volatile memory ("NVM"). A NVM interface of an electronic device can be configured to detect errors and maintain an error log in volatile memory while the device is being booted up. Once device bootup has completed, a NVM driver of the electronic device can be configured to correct the detected errors using the error log. For example, the electronic device can move data to more reliable blocks and/or retire blocks that are close to failure, thereby improving overall device reliability.
摘要翻译：提供了系统和方法，用于在非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的设备启动期间处理错误。电子设备的NVM接口可配置为在设备启动时检测错误并维护易失性存储器中的错误日志。一旦设备启动完成，电子设备的NVM驱动程序可以配置为使用错误日志来校正检测到的错误。例如，电子设备可以将数据移动到更可靠的块和/或接近故障的退出块，从而提高整体设备的可靠性。

3. 发明申请

WO2011035245A1 METADATA REDUNDANCY SCHEMES FOR NON-VOLATILE MEMORIES 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于非易失性记忆的元数据冗余方案
公开(公告)号：WO2011035245A1
公开(公告)日：2011-03-24
申请号：PCT/US2010/049497
申请日：2010-09-20
申请人： APPLE INC , POST, Daniel, J. , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , WAKRAT, Nir, J.
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , WAKRAT, Nir, J.
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F11/1402 , G06F11/1666 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7207
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for storing data to or reading data from a non-volatile memory ("NVM"), such as flash memory, using a metadata redundancy scheme. In some embodiments, an electronic device, which includes an NVM, may also include a memory interface for controlling access to the NVM. The memory interface may receive requests to write user data to the NVM. The user data from each request may be associated with metadata, such as a logical address, flags, or other data. In response to a write request, the NVM interface may store the user data and its associated metadata in a first memory location (e.g., page), and may store a redundant copy of the metadata in a second memory location. This way, even if the first memory location becomes inaccessible, the memory interface can still recover the metadata from the backup copy stored in the second memory location.
摘要翻译：提供了系统和方法，用于使用元数据冗余方案将数据存储到非易失性存储器（“NVM”）或从非易失性存储器（例如，闪存）读取数据。在一些实施例中，包括NVM的电子设备还可以包括用于控制对NVM的访问的存储器接口。存储器接口可以接收将用户数据写入NVM的请求。来自每个请求的用户数据可以与元数据相关联，诸如逻辑地址，标志或其他数据。响应于写入请求，NVM接口可以将用户数据及其关联的元数据存储在第一存储位置（例如页面）中，并且可以将元数据的冗余副本存储在第二存储位置中。这样，即使第一个内存位置变得不可访问，内存接口仍然可以从存储在第二个内存位置的备份副本中恢复元数据。

4. 发明申请

WO2013012632A1 NON-VOLATILE TEMPORARY DATA HANDLING 审中-公开
标题翻译：非挥发性临时数据处理
公开(公告)号：WO2013012632A1
公开(公告)日：2013-01-24
申请号：PCT/US2012/046236
申请日：2012-07-11
申请人： APPLE INC. , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J.
发明人： WAKRAT, Nir, J. , POST, Daniel, J.
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F9/4418 , G06F12/08 , G06F2212/1041 , G06F2212/7201 , G06F2212/7209
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for handling temporary data that is stored in a non-volatile memory, such as NAND flash memory. The temporary data may include hibernation data or any other data needed for only one boot cycle of an electronic device. When storing the temporary data in one or more pages of the non-volatile memory, the electronic device can store a temporary marker as part of the metadata in at least one of the pages. This way, on the next bootup of the electronic device, the electronic device can use the temporary marker to determine that the associated page contains unneeded data. The electronic device can therefore invalidate the page and omit the page from its metadata tables.
摘要翻译：提供了用于处理存储在诸如NAND闪存之类的非易失性存储器中的临时数据的系统和方法。临时数据可以包括休眠数据或电子设备的仅一个引导周期所需的任何其他数据。当将该临时数据存储在非易失性存储器的一个或多个页面中时，电子设备可以将临时标记作为元数据的一部分存储在至少一个页面中。这样，在电子设备的下次启动时，电子设备可以使用临时标记来确定相关联的页面包含不需要的数据。因此，电子设备可以使页面无效，并从其元数据表中省略页面。

5. 发明申请

WO2012166308A1 MOUNT-TIME UNMAPPING OF UNUSED LOGICAL ADDRESSES IN NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：非易失性存储器系统中未使用逻辑地址的安装时间
公开(公告)号：WO2012166308A1
公开(公告)日：2012-12-06
申请号：PCT/US2012/037078
申请日：2012-05-09
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J. , TAMURA, Eric , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , BYOM, Matthew
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , TAMURA, Eric , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim , WAKRAT, Nir, J. , BYOM, Matthew
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F3/06
CPC分类号： G06F17/30138 , G06F3/0608 , G06F3/064 , G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0644 , G06F3/0679
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for unmapping unused logical addresses at mount-time of a file system. An electronic device, which includes a non-volatile memory ("NVM"), may implement a file system that, at mount-time of the NVM, identifies all of the logical addresses associated with the NVM that are unallocated. The file system may then pass this information on to a NVM manager, such as in one or more unmap requests. This can ensure that the NVM manager does not maintain data associated with a logical address that is no longer needed by the file system.
摘要翻译：提供了系统和方法，用于在文件系统的安装时解除未使用的逻辑地址。包括非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的电子设备可以实现在NVM的安装时识别与未分配的NVM相关联的所有逻辑地址的文件系统。文件系统然后可以将该信息传递到NVM管理器，诸如在一个或多个unmap请求中。这可以确保NVM管理器不维护与文件系统不再需要的逻辑地址相关联的数据。

6. 发明申请

WO2013040537A1 WEAVE SEQUENCE COUNTER FOR NON-VOLATILE MEMORY SYSTEMS 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于非易失性存储器系统的WEAVE序列计数器
公开(公告)号：WO2013040537A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-21
申请号：PCT/US2012/055698
申请日：2012-09-17
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim
IPC分类号： G06F9/26
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7202 , G06F2212/7207 , G06F2212/7211
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for providing a weave sequence counter ("WSC") for non-volatile memory ("NVM") systems. The WSC can identify the sequence in which each page of the NVM is programmed. The "weave" aspect can refer to the fact that multiple blocks can be open for programming at once, thus allowing the pages of these blocks to be programmed in a "woven" manner. Systems and methods are also disclosed for providing a host weave sequence counter ("HWSC"). Each time new data is initially programmed to the NVM, this data can be associated with a particular HWSC. The HWSC associated with the data may not change, even when the data is moved to a new page (e.g., for wear leveling purposes and the like). The WSC and HWSC may aid in, for example, performing rollback, building logical -to-physical mappings, determining static-versus-dynamic page statuses, and performing maintenance operations (e.g., wear leveling).
摘要翻译：公开了用于为非易失性存储器（“NVM”）系统提供编织序列计数器（“WSC”）的系统和方法。 WSC可以识别NVM的每个页面被编程的顺序。 “编织”方面可以指多个块可以一次打开以进行编程，从而允许以“编织”的方式对这些块的页面进行编程。还公开了用于提供主机编织序列计数器（“HWSC”）的系统和方法。每当新数据最初被编程到NVM时，该数据可以与特定的HWSC相关联。即使将数据移动到新页面（例如，用于磨损均衡目的等），与数据相关联的HWSC也可能不会改变。 WSC和HWSC可以帮助例如执行回滚，构建逻辑到物理映射，确定静态到动态页面状态以及执行维护操作（例如，磨损均衡）。

7. 发明申请

WO2013040538A1 FASTER TREE FLATTENING FOR A SYSTEM HAVING NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于具有非易失性存储器的系统的快速树状平铺
公开(公告)号：WO2013040538A1
公开(公告)日：2013-03-21
申请号：PCT/US2012/055703
申请日：2012-09-17
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J. , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , KHMELNITSKY, Vadim
IPC分类号： G06F9/45
CPC分类号： G06F3/0608 , G06F3/0643 , G06F3/0679 , G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/7201
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for efficient buffering for a system having non-volatile memory ("NVM"). A tree can be stored in volatile memory that includes a logical -to-physical mapping between a logical space and physical addresses of the NVM. When the amount of memory available for the tree is below a pre-determined threshold, a system can attempt to reduce the number of data fragments in the NVM, and consequently flatten a portion of the tree. The NVM interface may select an optimal set of entries of the tree to combine. Any suitable approach can be used such as, for example, moving one or more sliding windows across the tree, expanding a sliding window when a condition has been satisfied, using a priority queue while scanning the tree, and/or maintaining a priority queue while the tree is being updated.
摘要翻译：公开了用于具有非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的系统的有效缓冲的系统和方法。一个树可以存储在易失性存储器中，其中包括逻辑空间和NVM的物理地址之间的逻辑到物理映射。当可用于树的内存量低于预定阈值时，系统可以尝试减少NVM中的数据片段的数量，从而使树的一部分变平。 NVM接口可以选择要合并的树的最佳条目集合。可以使用任何合适的方法，例如，在树上移动一个或多个滑动窗口，当满足条件时，使用优先级队列在扫描树时扩展滑动窗口和/或维护优先级队列树正在更新。

8. 发明申请

WO2011119255A2 NON-REGULAR PARITY DISTRIBUTION DETECTION VIA METADATA TAG 审中-公开
标题翻译：通过元数字标签检测非正常奇偶校验
公开(公告)号：WO2011119255A2
公开(公告)日：2011-09-29
申请号：PCT/US2011/023197
申请日：2011-01-31
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J.
发明人： POST, Daniel, J.
IPC分类号： H03M13/05 , H03M13/09 , G06F12/02 , G06F11/10
CPC分类号： G06F11/1068
摘要： This can relate to non-regular parity distribution of a non-volatile memory ("NVM"), such as flash memory, and detection of the non-regular parity via a metadata tag. For example, each codeword of the NVM can include one or more parity pages that may be distributed at random through the NVM. To identify the page as a parity page, a parity page marker can be included in the metadata of that page. During power-up of the NVM, an address table including the logical-to- physical address mapping of the pages can be created. Pages including a parity page marker, however, can be skipped during the creation of this address table. Additionally, by having two or more parity pages associated with a codeword, an additional layer of protection can be provided for repairing errors in that codeword.
摘要翻译：这可以涉及非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的非正规奇偶校验分配，例如闪速存储器，以及通过元数据标签检测非常规奇偶校验。例如，NVM的每个码字可以包括可以通过NVM随机分布的一个或多个奇偶校验页。要将页面标识为奇偶校验页面，可以在该页面的元数据中包含奇偶校验页标记。在NVM上电期间，可以创建包括页面的逻辑到物理地址映射的地址表。但是，在创建此地址表时可以跳过包含奇偶校验页标记的页面。另外，通过具有与码字相关联的两个或多个奇偶校验页，可以提供附加的保护层来修复该码字中的错误。

9. 发明申请

WO2012118743A1 EFFICIENT BUFFERING FOR A SYSTEM HAVING NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 审中-公开
标题翻译：对具有非易失性存储器的系统的有效缓冲
公开(公告)号：WO2012118743A1
公开(公告)日：2012-09-07
申请号：PCT/US2012/026752
申请日：2012-02-27
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob
IPC分类号： G11C7/10
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F3/061 , G06F3/0613 , G06F3/0656 , G06F3/0659 , G06F3/0679 , G06F3/068 , G06F12/1408 , G06F13/1673 , G06F21/71 , G06F21/79 , G06F2212/1052 , Y02D10/14
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for efficient buffering for a system having non-volatile memory ("NVM"). In some embodiments, a control circuitry of a system can use heuristics to determine whether to perform buffering of one or more write commands received from a file system. In other embodiments, the control circuitry can minimize read energy and buffering overhead by efficiently reordering write commands in a queue along page-aligned boundaries of a buffer. In further embodiments, the control circuitry can optimally combine write commands from a buffer with write commands from a queue. After combining the commands, the control circuitry can dispatch the commands in a single transaction.
摘要翻译：公开了用于具有非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的系统的有效缓冲的系统和方法。在一些实施例中，系统的控制电路可以使用启发式方法来确定是否执行从文件系统接收的一个或多个写入命令的缓冲。在其他实施例中，控制电路可以通过沿着缓冲器的页对准边界的队列中有效地重新排序写入命令来最小化读取能量和缓冲开销。在另外的实施例中，控制电路可以最佳地组合来自缓冲器的写入命令与来自队列的写入命令。在组合命令之后，控制电路可以在单个事务中分派命令。

10. 发明申请

WO2012094237A1 HANDLING DYNAMIC AND STATIC DATA FOR A SYSTEM HAVING NON-VOLATILE MEMORY 审中-公开
标题翻译：处理非易失性存储器的系统的动态和静态数据
公开(公告)号：WO2012094237A1
公开(公告)日：2012-07-12
申请号：PCT/US2011/068021
申请日：2011-12-30
申请人： APPLE INC. , POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob
发明人： POST, Daniel, J. , WAKRAT, Nir, Jacob
IPC分类号： G06F9/26 , G06F9/34
CPC分类号： G06F12/0246 , G06F2212/1032 , G06F2212/1044 , G06F2212/7205 , G06F2212/7211
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for handling dynamic and static data for a system having non-volatile memory ("NVM"). By determining whether data being written to the NVM is dynamic or not, a NVM interface of a system can determine where to initially place the data on the NVM (e.g., place the data on either a dynamic stream block or a static stream block). Moreover, this information can allow the NVM interface to improve the efficiencies of both garbage collection ("GC") and wear leveling.
摘要翻译：公开了用于处理具有非易失性存储器（“NVM”）的系统的动态和静态数据的系统和方法。通过确定正在写入NVM的数据是否是动态的，系统的NVM接口可以确定在NVM上最初将数据放置在哪里（例如，将数据放置在动态流块或静态流块上）。此外，这些信息可以使NVM界面提高垃圾收集（“GC”）和磨损均衡的效率。

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