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    • 2. 发明申请
    • Nucleic acid molecule encoding bathochromic phytochrome and use thereof
    • 编码红色色素植物色素的核酸分子及其用途
    • US20060260009A1
    • 2006-11-16
    • US11129459
    • 2005-05-16
    • Jeong-Il KimYun-Jeong HanPill-Soon Song
    • Jeong-Il KimYun-Jeong HanPill-Soon Song
    • A01H1/00C07H21/04C12N15/82
    • C12N15/8261C07K14/415Y02A40/146
    • The present invention includes modified phytochrome A (PHYA) nucleic acid molecules in which Pr absorption spectra have been shifted to longer wavelength (i.e. bathochromism or red-shift). The plants with the bathochromic phytochromes are expected to respond to canopy and shade conditions for growth and development with greater efficiency than the plants with wild-type phytochrome (i.e. suppression of shade avoidance reactions in plants). Since the shade avoidance reactions in plants induce a rapid and dramatic increase in the extension growth of stems and petioles at the expense of leaf growth, storage organ production, and reproductive development, it causes significant losses of crop yields. Thus, the bathochromic phytochromes that utilize the shade light efficiently would suppress the shade avoidance reactions in plants, giving plants the tolerance to shade. In this invention, several bathochromic phytochromes were generated by site-directed mutagenesis in the region of bilin lyase domain in plant PHYA, and their ability to suppress the shade avoidance reactions were examined by transforming the bathochromic phytochromes into PHYA deficient Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype col-0). The transgenic plants with the bathochromic phytochromes showed significantly increased shade tolerance compared to wild-type plants and transgenic plants with wild-type phytochromes. Therefore, the present invention can be utilized to suppress plants' shade avoidance that is one of major causes to induce crop-yield losses, and ultimately to generate shade tolerant plants with higher yields. The invention also includes plants having at least one cell expressing the modified PHYA, vectors comprising at least one portion of the modified PHYA nucleic acids, and methods using such vectors for producing plants with shade tolerance.
    • 本发明包括修饰的植物色素A(PHYA)核酸分子,其中Pr吸收光谱已经转移到更长的波长(即,红移或红移)。 具有红色色素植物色素的植物预期对具有野生型植物色素的植物(即抑制植物中的树荫回避反应)的效率比用于生长和发育的冠层和阴凉条件更有效。 由于植物中的避光反应以叶片生长,储存器官生产和繁殖发育为代价诱导茎和叶柄的延伸生长快速和显着地增加,导致作物产量的显着损失。 因此,有效利用遮光效果的红色植物色素可以抑制植物的避光反应,使植物具有遮荫性。 在本发明中,通过在植物PHYA中的胆固醇裂解酶结构域中的定点诱变产生了几种红色植物色素,并且通过将红色染色体变成PHYA缺陷拟南芥(生态型col- 0)。 具有红移植物色素的转基因植物与野生型植物和具有野生型植物色素的转基因植物相比,显示明显增加的遮荫耐受性。 因此,本发明可以用于抑制作物诱导作物产量损失的主要原因之一的植物避光,最终产生具有较高产量的耐荫植物。 本发明还包括具有至少一个表达经修饰的PHYA的细胞的植物,包含至少一部分修饰的PHYA核酸的载体,以及使用这种载体产生具有阴性耐受性的植物的方法。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • Nucleic acid molecules encoding hyperactive nucleoside di-phosphate kinase 2 and uses thereof
    • US20070136897A1
    • 2007-06-14
    • US11247236
    • 2005-10-12
    • Jeong-II KimYun-Jeong HanSeong-Hee KimPill-Soon Song
    • Jeong-II KimYun-Jeong HanSeong-Hee KimPill-Soon Song
    • A01H1/00C07H21/04C12N5/04C12N15/82
    • C12N9/1229C12N15/8261C12N15/8271Y02A40/146
    • The present invention includes modified Arabidopsis Nucleoside Di-Phosphate Kinase 2 (NDPK2) nucleic acid molecules whose enzymatic activity have been increased (i.e. hyperactive). NDPKs are ubiquitous housekeeping enzymes that catalyze the transfer of γ-phosphoryl group from a nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) to a nucleoside diphosphate (NDP), and also multifunctional proteins that regulate a variety of eukaryotic cellular activities, including cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. In plants, NDPKs are reported to play a key role in the signaling of both stress and light. Among three NDPKs (NDPK1, NDPK2, NDPK3) in a model plant, Arabidopsis thaliana, NDPK2 was reported as a positive signal transducer of phytochrome-mediated plant light signaling and to regulate cellular redox state, which enhances multiple stress tolerance in transgenic plants. Thus, the plants with the hyperactive NDPK2 are expected to possess higher efficiency of light utilization and enhanced tolerance to various environmental stresses such as cold, salt, and oxidative stresses. Since abiotic stress is one of the most important factors to limit the productivity of many crops, the hyperactive NDPK2 can be used for the development of high-yielding multiple stress tolerant plants with higher efficiency of light utilization. In this invention, several hyperactive NDPK2 were generated by C-terminal deletion and site-directed mutagenesis. Therefore, the present invention can be utilized to develop multiple stress tolerant and efficiently light-utilizing plants, which can eventually increase crop yields. The invention also includes plants having at least one cell expressing the modified NDPK2, vectors comprising at least one portion of the modified NDPK2 nucleic acids, and methods using such vectors for producing plants with enhanced light sensitivity and stress tolerance.
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding the modified phytochrome A
    • 分离的编码改性植物色素A的核酸分子
    • US07285652B2
    • 2007-10-23
    • US11129459
    • 2005-05-16
    • Jeong-Il KimYun-Jeong HanPill-Soon Song
    • Jeong-Il KimYun-Jeong HanPill-Soon Song
    • C07H21/04
    • C12N15/8261C07K14/415Y02A40/146
    • The present invention includes modified phytochrome A (PHYA) nucleic acid molecules in which Pr absorption spectra have been shifted to longer wavelength (i.e. bathochromism or red-shift). The plants with the bathochromic phytochromes are expected to respond to canopy and shade conditions for growth and development with greater efficiency than the plants with wild-type phytochrome (i.e. suppression of shade avoidance reactions in plants). Since the shade avoidance reactions in plants induce a rapid and dramatic increase in the extension growth of stems and petioles at the expense of leaf growth, storage organ production, and reproductive development, it causes significant losses of crop yields. Thus, the bathochromic phytochromes that utilize the shade light efficiently would suppress the shade avoidance reactions in plants, giving plants the tolerance to shade. In this invention, several bathochromic phytochromes were generated by site-directed mutagenesis in the region of bilin lyase domain in plant PHYA, and their ability to suppress the shade avoidance reactions were examined by transforming the bathochromic phytochromes into PHYA deficient Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype col-0). The transgenic plants with the bathochromic phytochromes showed significantly increased shade tolerance compared to wild-type plants and transgenic plants with wild-type phytochromes. Therefore, the present invention can be utilized to suppress plants' shade avoidance that is one of major causes to induce crop-yield losses, and ultimately to generate shade tolerant plants with higher yields. The invention also includes plants having at least one cell expressing the modified PHYA, vectors comprising at least one portion of the modified PHYA nucleic acids, and methods using such vectors for producing plants with shade tolerance.
    • 本发明包括修饰的植物色素A(PHYA)核酸分子,其中Pr吸收光谱已经转移到更长的波长(即,红移或红移)。 具有红色色素植物色素的植物预期对具有野生型植物色素的植物(即抑制植物中的树荫回避反应)的效率比用于生长和发育的冠层和阴凉条件更有效。 由于植物中的避光反应以叶片生长,储存器官生产和繁殖发育为代价诱导茎和叶柄的延伸生长快速和显着地增加,导致作物产量的显着损失。 因此,有效利用遮光效果的红色植物色素可以抑制植物的避光反应,使植物具有遮荫性。 在本发明中,通过在植物PHYA中的胆固醇裂解酶结构域中的定点诱变产生了几种红色植物色素,并且通过将红色染色体变成PHYA缺陷拟南芥(生态型col- 0)。 具有红移植物色素的转基因植物与野生型植物和具有野生型植物色素的转基因植物相比,显示明显增加的遮荫耐受性。 因此,本发明可以用于抑制作物诱导作物产量损失的主要原因之一的植物避光,最终产生具有较高产量的耐荫植物。 本发明还包括具有至少一个表达经修饰的PHYA的细胞的植物,包含至少一部分修饰的PHYA核酸的载体,以及使用这种载体产生具有阴性耐受性的植物的方法。