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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Method for regeneration a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst
    • 再生氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法
    • US07832201B2
    • 2010-11-16
    • US11722149
    • 2005-12-24
    • Stephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikUlrich GoebelWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • Stephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikUlrich GoebelWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • F01N3/00
    • F02D41/0275B01D53/9495B01D53/96F01N3/0814F01N3/0885
    • To remove the nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, these engines are equipped with a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst, which has to be regenerated frequently by the engine being briefly switched to rich-burn mode. The regeneration is usually initiated when the nitrogen oxide concentration downstream of the catalyst rises above a permissible value. In this context, there is a risk of the bed temperature of the catalyst during and after regeneration being pushed into a range with incipient thermal desorption of the nitrogen oxides on account of the heat which is released during the conversion of the nitrogen oxides by the reducing constituents of the exhaust gas. This can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emission both during the regeneration itself and after the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode. To eliminate this problem, it is proposed to divide the rich-burn mode into two rich pulses which follow one another in time, the first rich pulse being of shorter duration than the second rich pulse.
    • 为了从贫燃发动机的排气中除去氮氧化物,这些发动机配备有氮氧化物储存催化剂,其必须经过发动机的短时间切换为富燃烧模式而频繁地再生。 当催化剂下游的氮氧化物浓度高于允许值时,通常开始再生。 在这种情况下,存在在再生期间和之后将催化剂的床温度推到具有氮氧化物的初期热解吸的范围内的风险,这是由于在氮氧化物转化期间释放的热量通过还原 排气成分。 这可以导致在再生期间和发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后氮氧化物排放增加。 为了消除这个问题,提出将富燃烧模式分成时间上相互依赖的两个富脉冲,第一富脉冲的持续时间比第二富脉冲短。
    • 3. 发明申请
    • Method for Regenerating Nitrogen Oxide Storage Catalysts
    • 再生氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法
    • US20090145112A1
    • 2009-06-11
    • US11995765
    • 2006-06-22
    • Ulrich GoebelStephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • Ulrich GoebelStephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • F01N9/00
    • B01D53/9495B01D53/9431B01D53/96F01N3/0807F01N3/22F01N3/32Y02T10/20
    • Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters for purifying the exhaust gas of lean-burn engines are periodically regenerated by switching the engine from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode. After regeneration has taken place, the engine is switched back to lean-burn mode. At this time, rich exhaust gas is still flowing in the exhaust line from the engine to the catalytic converter, which rich exhaust gas is ejected via the catalytic converter into the environment by the following, lean exhaust gas. This leads to brief emissions peaks of the rich exhaust gas constituents and impairs the level of exhaust gas cleaning which can be obtained. In order to solve said problem, it is proposed to create oxidizing conditions by injecting air upstream of the storage catalytic converter, so that the rich exhaust gas constituents still flowing in the exhaust line upstream of the storage catalytic converter can be converted at the storage catalytic converter to form non-harmful products. The proposed method can lead to a considerable improvement in exhaust gas purification in particular in the case of catalytic converters which are already impaired in terms of their storage capacity through aging, and which must be regenerated significantly more frequently than fresh catalytic converters.
    • 通过将发动机从稀燃模式切换到富燃烧模式,周期性地再生用于净化贫燃发动机废气的氧化氮储存催化转化器。 发生再生后,发动机转回稀燃模式。 此时,排气管道中的废气仍然从发动机流向催化转化器,其中,废气通过下列稀释废气通过催化转化器排放到环境中。 这导致了丰富的废气成分的短暂的排放峰值,并损害了可以获得的废气净化水平。 为了解决上述问题,提出了通过在储存催化转化器的上游喷射空气来产生氧化条件,使得能够在储存催化转化器的上游排出的排气管中仍然流动的富排气成分在储存催化剂 转换器形成无害产品。 所提出的方法可以导致废气净化的显着改进,特别是在催化转化器的情况下,其通过老化而在储存容量方面已经受损,并且必须比新鲜催化转化器显着更频繁地再生。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • METHOD AND DESULFURIZING NITROGEN OXIDE STORAGE CATALYSTS IN THE EXHAUST GAS SYSTEM OF A LEAN MIX ENGINE
    • 炼油发动机排气系统中氮氧化物储存催化剂的方法与脱硫
    • US20100064665A1
    • 2010-03-18
    • US12520606
    • 2007-12-19
    • Stephan EckhoffSusanne PhilippWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • Stephan EckhoffSusanne PhilippWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • F01N9/00F01N3/00F01N3/10
    • F02D41/028F01N3/0814F01N3/0842F01N3/0885F01N3/101F01N3/106F01N3/2033F01N13/009F01N13/0093F01N13/04F01N13/107F01N2430/06F01N2430/08F01N2430/085F01N2560/025F01N2560/14F02D41/0082Y02T10/22Y02T10/26
    • Lean burn engines require an exhaust gas system comprising nitrogen oxide storage catalysts for removal of nitrogen oxides from their exhaust gases. When the lean burn engine is operated with a sulphur-containing exhaust gas, the storage catalysts have to be desulphurized from time to time. During the desulphurization, there is the risk of high pollutant emissions. These emissions can be reduced when the cylinders of the lean burn engine are combined in two groups which release their exhaust gas to two assigned exhaust legs, in each of which is arranged at least one nitrogen oxide storage catalyst. The two exhaust legs are combined beyond the storage catalysts to form a common exhaust leg which contains a catalyst which possesses a three-way function under stoichiometric conditions. The two nitrogen oxide storage catalysts are desulphurized offset in time with respect to one another. While rich exhaust gas at a high temperature flows through one storage catalyst for desulphurization, lean exhaust gas flows through the second storage catalyst, in such a way that the combined exhaust gas is of stoichiometric composition over the entire desulphurization period. Under the stoichiometric conditions, the catalyst with three-way function is capable of converting hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides to harmless components.
    • 精益燃烧发动机需要包括用于从其废气中除去氮氧化物的氮氧化物储存催化剂的废气系统。 当贫燃机用含硫废气进行操作时,必须不时地将储存催化剂脱硫。 在脱硫过程中,存在污染物排放高的风险。 当贫燃发动机的气缸组合成两组时,可以减少这些排放物,这两组燃烧器将废气排放到两个分配的排气支路,每个排放管排列有至少一个氮氧化物储存催化剂。 两个排气支路结合在储存催化剂之外以形成一个共同的排气支管,它包含一个在化学计量条件下具有三通功能的催化剂。 两种氮氧化物储存催化剂相对于彼此在时间上被脱硫。 虽然高温下的废气通过一个用于脱硫的储存催化剂流过,贫废气以这样的方式流过第二储存催化剂,使得组合废气在整个脱硫周期内具有化学计量组成。 在化学计量条件下,具有三向功能的催化剂能够将碳氢化合物,一氧化碳和氮氧化物转化为无害成分。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Shell component for an aircraft fuselage and method of manufacturing the same
    • 用于飞机机身的壳体组件及其制造方法
    • US06364250B1
    • 2002-04-02
    • US09406463
    • 1999-09-27
    • Peter BrinckWilfried MuellerKlaus P. SanmannJoerg Spitzner
    • Peter BrinckWilfried MuellerKlaus P. SanmannJoerg Spitzner
    • B64C100
    • B64C1/12
    • A shell component for an aircraft fuselage includes a fuselage skin panel, a plurality of stringers extending in an aircraft lengthwise direction, and a plurality of frames extending crosswise relative to the stringers. The stringers and the frames are respectively welded onto the skin panel with the addition of a weld filler material. Each frame includes a frame root portion and a frame profile portion connected to each other. The frame root portion has cut-out notches receiving the stringers passing therethrough. The frame root portion is welded to the skin panel at the areas between the cut-out notches, and may be welded to the respective stringer in each cut-out notch. The stringers and frames are fabricated from webs and flanges, whereby a premanufactured grid of flanges may be used. The result is a very strong, yet simple shell component structure, that may be manufactured with a simple welding process, at a low cost and with low effort.
    • 用于飞行器机身的壳体部件包括机身蒙皮板,在飞行器长度方向上延伸的多个纵梁以及相对于纵梁横向延伸的多个框架。 桁条和框架分别通过添加焊接填充材料焊接到皮肤面板上。 每个框架包括彼此连接的框架根部部分和框架轮廓部分。 框架根部具有接收穿过其中的桁条的切口凹口。 框架根部在切口凹口之间的区域处焊接到皮肤面板,并且可以在每个切口凹口中焊接到相应的纵梁。 桁条和框架由网和法兰制成,由此可以使用预制的法兰格。 结果是非常坚固但简单的壳部件结构,其可以以低成本和低功耗以简单的焊接工艺制造。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Method for monitoring the nitrogen oxide storage capacity of a nitrogen oxide storage catalyst used in the form of a primary catalytic converter
    • 监测以一级催化转化器形式使用的氮氧化物储存催化剂的氮氧化物储存能力的方法
    • US08230674B2
    • 2012-07-31
    • US11722135
    • 2005-12-17
    • Stephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikUlrich GoebelWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • Stephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikUlrich GoebelWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • F01N3/00
    • F01N11/00F01N3/0814F01N3/0842F01N3/0864F01N13/009F01N13/0093F01N2550/03Y02T10/47
    • Modern exhaust-gas purification systems in motor vehicles with a lean-burn engine include a starting catalyst fitted close to the engine and a main catalyst arranged in the underbody region, with both the starting catalyst and the main catalyst being formed by nitrogen oxide storage catalysts. The nitrogen oxide storage catalysts are in each case regenerated by the engine being briefly switched from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode when the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas downstream of the storage catalysts rises above a predetermined value.The starting catalyst is exposed to particularly high temperatures and is therefore prone to faster ageing of its nitrogen oxide storage capacity than the main catalyst. To check the nitrogen oxide storage capacity of the starting catalyst, a regeneration which is due for the catalyst system is selected in such a way in terms of its duration and the extent to which the exhaust gas is enriched that substantially only the starting catalyst is regenerated, whereas the main catalyst is not. In this arrangement, the criterion for terminating this partial regeneration is the breakthrough of rich exhaust gas through the starting catalyst. After the engine has been switched back to lean-burn mode, the time which elapses until the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas downstream of the catalyst requires regeneration again is measured. The measured time is a measure of the remaining nitrogen oxide storage capacity of the starting catalyst.
    • 具有稀燃燃烧发动机的机动车辆中的现代废气净化系统包括安装在发动机附近的起动催化剂和布置在底体区域中的主催化剂,起始催化剂和主催化剂由氮氧化物储存催化剂形成 。 当存储催化剂下游的废气中的氮氧化物浓度升高到预定值以上时,氮氧化物储存催化剂在每种情况下都可通过发动机从稀燃模式短暂切换为富燃模式。 起始催化剂暴露于特别高的温度,因此比主催化剂容易发生氮氧化物储存容量的老化。 为了检查起始催化剂的氮氧化物存储容量,选择催化剂体系所致的再生,就其持续时间和废气浓缩程度而言,基本上只有起始催化剂被再生 ,而主催化剂不是。 在这种布置中,终止这种部分再生的标准是通过起动催化剂的富排气的突破。 在发动机已经切换回稀燃模式之后,测量在催化剂下游的废气中的氮氧化物浓度再次需要再次之前经过的时间。 测量时间是起始催化剂的剩余氮氧化物储存容量的量度。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Method for regenerating nitrogen oxide storage catalysts
    • 氮氧化物储存催化剂再生方法
    • US07905087B2
    • 2011-03-15
    • US11995765
    • 2006-06-22
    • Ulrich GoebelStephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • Ulrich GoebelStephan BremmChristian Manfred TomanikWilfried MuellerThomas Kreuzer
    • F01N3/00
    • B01D53/9495B01D53/9431B01D53/96F01N3/0807F01N3/22F01N3/32Y02T10/20
    • Nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converters for purifying the exhaust gas of lean-burn engines are periodically regenerated by switching the engine from lean-burn mode to rich-burn mode. After regeneration has taken place, the engine is switched back to lean-burn mode. At this time, rich exhaust gas is still flowing in the exhaust line from the engine to the catalytic converter, which rich exhaust gas is ejected via the catalytic converter into the environment by the following, lean exhaust gas. This leads to brief emissions peaks of the rich exhaust gas constituents and impairs the level of exhaust gas cleaning which can be obtained. In order to solve said problem, it is proposed to create oxidizing conditions by injecting air upstream of the storage catalytic converter, so that the rich exhaust gas constituents still flowing in the exhaust line upstream of the storage catalytic converter can be converted at the storage catalytic converter to form non-harmful products. The proposed method can lead to a considerable improvement in exhaust gas purification in particular in the case of catalytic converters which are already impaired in terms of their storage capacity through aging, and which must be regenerated significantly more frequently than fresh catalytic converters.
    • 通过将发动机从稀燃模式切换到富燃烧模式,周期性地再生用于净化贫燃发动机废气的氧化氮储存催化转化器。 发生再生后,发动机切换回稀燃模式。 此时,排气管道中的废气仍然从发动机流向催化转化器,其中,废气通过下列稀释废气通过催化转化器排放到环境中。 这导致了丰富的废气成分的短暂的排放峰值,并损害了可以获得的废气净化水平。 为了解决上述问题,提出了通过在储存催化转化器的上游喷射空气来产生氧化条件,使得能够在储存催化转化器的上游排出的排气管中仍然流动的富排气成分在储存催化剂 转换器形成无害产品。 所提出的方法可以导致废气净化的显着改进,特别是在催化转化器的情况下,其通过老化而在储存容量方面已经受损,并且必须比新鲜催化转化器显着更频繁地再生。