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    • 5. 发明专利
    • Manufacture of new derivatives of aliphatic alcohols
    • GB475119A
    • 1937-11-15
    • GB1360136
    • 1936-05-13
    • ALFRED WILLIAM BALDWINHENRY ALFRED PIGGOTTICI LTD
    • Quaternary ammonium salts are obtained by the interaction of an aliphatic alcohol, sulphur dioxide, formaldehyde or a polymer such as paraformaldehyde, and pyridine or an alkylpyridine. The products are of the type ROCH2N­X, where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radicle, N­ is a molecule of pyridine or an alkylpyridine, and X is an anion of sulphurous or pyrosulphurous acid. Specified aliphatic alcohols are methyl, propyl, butyl, oleyl, dodecyl, hexadecyl and octadecyl alcohols, and these may be single compounds or mixtures such as are obtainable by saponifying spermaceti or by reducing the acids of fats and fatty oils such as coconut oil and palm oil. As alkylpyridines, mention is made of picolines and lutidines, or use may be made of technical "pyridine bases." The reaction may be effected by passing sulphur dioxide into a mixture of the other reagents at 70--100 DEG C. in the presence or absence of a diluent, e.g. benzene, toluene or chloroform. The products derived from the higher aliphatic alcohols form foaming aqueous solutions and are useful as textile assistants. Examples are given of the manufacture of products from paraformaldehyde, sulphur dioxide, pyridine and (1) hexadecyl alcohol, (2) methyl alcohol, (3) butyl alcohol, and (4) dodecyl alcohol. The Provisional Specification refers generally to the reaction of an aliphatic alcohol with sulphur dioxide, an aldehyde and a tertiary amine.
    • 6. 发明专利
    • Improvements in the treatment of cellulosic material
    • GB469476A
    • 1937-07-26
    • GB3577935
    • 1935-12-24
    • ALFRED WILLIAM BALDWINREGINALD JOHN WILLIAM REYNOLDSERIC EVERARD WALKERCLARENCE SYDNEY WOOLVINICI LTD
    • D06M13/322
    • Cellulosic materials are treated with a halogeno-methyl ether of the general formula R--O--CH2--Hal, in which R is a normal or branched chain aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, saturated or unsaturated, of not less than 8 carbon atoms, and Hal is a halogen atom, the treatment being carried out at a raised temperature in an inert organic diluent or solvent for the reagents, and preferably in the presence of an acid-binding agent. As an alternative, there may be used a quaternary ammonium salt formed from the halogeno methyl ether and a tertiary organic amine. The cellulosic material may consist wholly or in part of natural or regenerated cellulose or cellulose esters, e.g. cotton, viscose or other artificial silk including cellulose acetate material, linen, jute or mixtures of these fibres. Paper or films, threads, yarns, woven or knitted fabrics may be treated. The materials may be dyed. The chlormethyl ethers used are obtained by treating the respective alcohol with formaldehyde and hydrogen halide. Chloro methyl dodecyl, sec-dodecyl, cetyl, or octodecyl ether, or a chloromethyl ether of the mixture of alcohols from sperm oil may be used. The treatment renders the material waterproof and gives it a soft handle and these effects are resistant to laundering and dry cleaning. Toluene, benzene, acetone, carbon tetrachloride, trichlorethylene, and other hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons may be used as organic diluent or solvent. Pyridine, aniline, N-alkylaniline or dialkyl aniline, di- or triethylamine, piperidine, alkyl piperidines, sodium or potassium carbonate, potassium acetate, or calcium hydroxide may be used as acid binding agent. The treatment is carried out at raised temperature, preferably at or near the boiling point of the diluent. In an example, a -chloromethyl octadecyl ether is dissolved in dry toluene and pyridine is added. Undyed boiled out cotton limbric is immersed in this solution which is heated at 90 DEG C. The fabric is removed, pressed, washed with alcohol, and dried. In other examples, cotton-wool union fabric, gaberdine and limbric are treated. Cotton fabric is impregnated with a solution of octadecoxymethyl pyridinium chloride in trichloroethylene, squeezed, and dried in a current of warm air. It is then baked at 105 DEG C. Limbric is padded with chloromethyl octadecyl ether, diethylaniline, and benzene mixture. It is dried in warm air and then heated at 120 DEG C. on a drying cylinder. Knitted cellulose acetate fabric is immersed in a solution of toluene containing a chloromethyl ether of sperm-oil alcohols, and pyridine. The solution is heated for 30 minutes and the fabric is then rinsed in alcohol and dried. Specifications 340,555, 390,553, 396,992, and 426,482 are referred to.
    • 7. 发明专利
    • Improvements relating to taps or cocks
    • GB397265A
    • 1933-08-24
    • GB1452432
    • 1932-05-23
    • CHARLES HENRY MITCHELLJOHN WILLIAM BALDWIN
    • F16K5/02
    • 397,265. Taps or cocks. MITCHELL, C. H., Hawthorns, School Road, Blackwell, near Bromsgrove, Worcestershire, and BALDWIN, J. W., 89, High Street, Harborne, Birmingham. May 23, 1932, No. 14524. [Class 135.] A tap or cock comprises a cylindrical or hollow body a through which the liquid is adapted to flow, a conical, domed, or similarly shaped extension a3 thereon, a blind, internally-tapped aperture a at the extreme end of the extension, an equivalently shaped cap b rotatably mounted externally upon the extension a , and a screw pin c engaging the tapped aperture a4. A spring washer d or the like is interposed between a head on the pin and the adjacent part of the cap b, and apertures b and a in the cap and extension respectively are adapted to be brought into and out of register by the rotation of the cap. The projection a is non-circular and a washer e non-rotatably mounted on it carries a stop e co-operating with a semicircular flange b on the cap b to limit the movement thereof. The cap is lined with cork b to prevent leakage.
    • 8. 发明专利
    • Improvements in the production of detergent solutions
    • GB378454A
    • 1932-08-11
    • GB1393131
    • 1931-05-11
    • ICI LTDANTHONY JAMES HAILWOODALFRED WILLIAM BALDWIN
    • Emulsifying and detergent agents are obtained by sulphonating alkylbenzylethers in which the alkyl groups are saturated and contain not less than six carbon atoms. The benzene ring of the benzyl residue may contain substituents such as methyl or chlorine. The detergent action of the products is improved by the presence of soaps or inorganic salts having the same kations as the detergents themselves. Dry solid compositions may be prepared by the addition of such inorganic salts to the soluble salts of the sulphonated alkylbenzylethers. In examples: (1) sulphuric acid monohydrate is used to sulphonate dodecylbenzylether, cetylbenzylether and octadecylbenzylether: (2) sodium chloride is mixed with the sodium salt of cetylsulphobenzylether to form a detergent: (3) another detergent comprises sodium sulphate, the sodium salt of cetylsulphobenzylether and the sodium salt of dodecylsulphobenzylether.ALSO:Wetting, emulsifying and detergent agents which may be used for example for washing raw wool, are obtained by sulphonating alkylbenzethers in which the alkyl groups are saturated and contain not less than six carbon atoms. The benzene ring of the benzyl residue may contain substituents such as methyl or chlorine. The detergent action of the products is improved by the presence of soaps or inorganic salts having the same kations as the detergents themselves. Dry solid compositions may be prepared by the addition of such inorganic salts to the soluble salts of the sulphonated alkylbenzylethers. In examples: (1) sulphuric acid monohydrate is used to sulphonate dodecylbenzylether, cetylbenzylether and octadecylbenzylether; (2) sodium chloride is mixed with the sodium salt of cetylsulphobenzylether to form a detergent; (3) another detergent comprises sodium sulphate, the sodium salt of cetylsulphobenzylether and the sodium salt of dodecylsulphobenzylether. Alkylbenzylethers are prepared from the aliphatic alcohols by known methods, e.g. dodecyl or cetyl alcohol is boiled with sodamide in xylene until ammonia ceases to be evolved, and the resulting sodium compounds condensed with benzylchloride.