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1. 发明申请

US20050007106A1 Hybrid wound/etched winding constructs for scanning and monitoring 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于扫描和监测的混合伤口/蚀刻绕组结构
公开(公告)号：US20050007106A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-13
申请号：US10853009
申请日：2004-05-24
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh , Ian Shay , Mark Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir Zilberstein , David Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh , Ian Shay , Mark Windoloski , Christopher Root , Vladimir Zilberstein , David Grundy , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/72
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046 , G01N27/82
摘要： Combined wound and micro-fabricated winding constructs are described for the inspection of materials and the detection and characterization of hidden features or flaws. These constructs can be configured as sensors or sensor arrays that are surface mounted or scanned over conducting and/or magnetizable test materials. The well-defined geometry obtained micro-fabricated windings and from carefully wound coils with known winding positions permits the use of model based inversions of sensed responses into material properties. In a preferred embodiment, the primary winding is a wound coil and the sense elements are etched or printed. The drive or sense windings can also be mounted under fasteners to improve sensitivity to hidden flaws. Ferrites and other means may be used to guide the magnetic flux and enhance the magnetic field in the test material.
摘要翻译：描述了组合伤口和微制造的缠绕结构，用于材料的检查和隐藏特征或缺陷的检测和表征。这些结构可以配置为在导电和/或可磁化测试材料上进行表面安装或扫描的传感器或传感器阵列。精确定义的几何形状获得微制造的绕组和从已知缠绕位置的小心缠绕的线圈允许使用基于模型的感测响应的反演到材料特性中。在优选实施例中，初级绕组是缠绕线圈，并且感测元件被蚀刻或印刷。驱动或感测绕组也可以安装在紧固件下，以提高对隐藏缺陷的敏感性。可以使用铁氧体等手段来引导磁通量并增强测试材料中的磁场。

2. 发明申请

US20060009865A1 Internal material condition monitoring for control 有权
公开(公告)号：US20060009865A1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-12
申请号：US11079912
申请日：2005-03-14
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Ian Shay , Christopher Craven , David Grundy , Volker Weiss , Andrew Washabaugh
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Ian Shay , Christopher Craven , David Grundy , Volker Weiss , Andrew Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G05B13/02 , G05D23/00
CPC分类号： G01N27/02 , G01N19/00 , G01N25/00 , G01N27/60 , G01N27/72 , G05D23/1931 , G05D23/22 , G05D23/24 , G05D23/26
摘要： The condition of internal or hidden material layers or interfaces is monitored and used for control of a process that changes a condition of a material system. The material system has multiple component materials, such as layers or embedded constituents, or can be represented with multiple layers to model spatial distributions in the material properties. The material condition changes as a result of a process performed on the material, such as by cold working, or from functional operation. Sensors placed proximate to the test material surface or embedded between material layers are used to monitor a material property using magnetic, electric, or thermal interrogation fields. The sensor responses are converted into states of the material condition, such as temperature or residual stress, typically with a precomputed database of sensor responses. The sensor responses can also be used to determine properties of the test material, such as electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability, prior to conversion to the material state. The states are used to support control decisions that control the process or operation causing the material condition to change.

3. 发明申请

US20050083032A1 Self-monitoring metals, alloys and materials 有权
标题翻译：自我监测金属，合金和材料
公开(公告)号：US20050083032A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-21
申请号：US10937105
申请日：2004-09-08
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , David Grundy , Andrew Washabaugh , Darrell Schlicker , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Christopher Craven , Christopher Root , Mark Windoloski , Volker Weiss
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , David Grundy , Andrew Washabaugh , Darrell Schlicker , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Christopher Craven , Christopher Root , Mark Windoloski , Volker Weiss
IPC分类号： G01N27/00 , G01N27/02 , G01N27/24 , G01N27/90
CPC分类号： G01N27/902 , G01N27/023 , G01N27/24 , G01N27/904 , G01N27/9046 , G01N27/9053
摘要： Observability of damage precursor, damage and usage states, or event occurrence may be enhanced by modifying component materials to include self-monitoring materials or by processing test material to alter the surface properties. The properties of the self monitoring materials, such as magnetic permeability or electrical conductivity, are monitored with electromagnetic sensors and provide greater property variations with component condition than the original component material. Processing includes shot peening or laser welding.
摘要翻译：通过修改组分材料以包括自我监测材料或通过加工测试材料以改变表面性质，可以增强损伤前体，损坏和使用状态或事件发生的可观察性。使用电磁传感器监测自我监测材料的特性，例如磁导率或电导率，并且与原始组件材料相比，可提供比组件条件更大的性能变化。处理包括喷丸硬化或激光焊接。

4. 发明申请

US20050017713A1 Weld characterization using eddy current sensors and arrays 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用涡流传感器和阵列进行焊接表征
公开(公告)号：US20050017713A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-27
申请号：US10864297
申请日：2004-06-09
申请人： Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Vladimir Zilberstein , Mark Windoloski , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh
发明人： Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Vladimir Zilberstein , Mark Windoloski , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh
IPC分类号： B23K20/12 , B23K31/12 , G01N27/90 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： B23K20/123 , B23K20/122 , B23K31/125 , G01N27/90
摘要： Eddy current sensors and sensor arrays are used to characterize welds and the welding process schedule or parameters. A sensor or sensor array is placed in proximity to the test material, such as a lap joint or a butt weld, and translated over the weld region. Effective properties associated with the test material and sensor, such as an electrical conductivity or lift-off, are obtained for the weld region and the base material at a distant location from the weld region. The effective properties or features obtained from the effective property variation with position across the weld are used to assess the welding process parameters.
摘要翻译：涡流传感器和传感器阵列用于表征焊缝和焊接过程进度表或参数。传感器或传感器阵列放置在测试材料附近，例如搭接接头或对接焊缝，并在焊接区域上翻译。对于焊接区域和基材在与焊接区域相距较远的位置，获得与测试材料和传感器相关的有效特性，例如导电性或剥离性。使用从穿过焊缝的位置的有效性质变化获得的有效性质或特征来评估焊接工艺参数。

5. 发明申请

US20070239407A1 Remaining life prediction for individual components from sparse data 有权
标题翻译：从稀疏数据中对各个组件进行剩余寿命预测
公开(公告)号：US20070239407A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US11653067
申请日：2007-01-12
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Volker Weiss , Yanko Sheiretov
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Volker Weiss , Yanko Sheiretov
IPC分类号： G06F17/10
CPC分类号： G01N27/82 , F05B2270/109 , F05B2270/404 , G01B7/34 , G06N7/005
摘要： Predicting the remaining life of individual aircraft, fleets of aircraft, aircraft components and subpopulations of these components. This is accomplished through the use of precomputed databases of response that are generated from a model for the nonlinear system behavior prior to the time that decisions need to be made concerning the disposition of the system. The database is calibrated with a few data points, to account for unmodeled system variables, and then used with an input variable to predict future system behavior. These methods also permit identification of the root causes for observed system behavior. The use of the response databases also permits rapid estimations of uncertainty estimates for the system behavior, such as remaining life estimates, particularly, when subsets of an input variable distribution are passed through the database and scaled appropriately to construct the output distribution. A specific example is the prediction of remaining life for an aircraft component where the model calculates damage evolution, input variables are a crack size and the number of cycles, and the predicted parameters are the actual stress on the component and the remaining life.
摘要翻译：预测个别飞机，飞机机队，飞机部件和这些部件的子群体的剩余寿命。这是通过使用预先计算的响应数据库来实现的，该数据库是在关于系统的配置的决定之前从非线性系统行为的模型生成的。数据库使用几个数据点进行校准，以解释未建模的系统变量，然后与输入变量一起使用以预测未来的系统行为。这些方法还允许识别观察到的系统行为的根本原因。响应数据库的使用还允许对系统行为的不确定性估计的快速估计，例如剩余寿命估计，特别是当输入变量分布的子集通过数据库并适当地缩放以构建输出分布时。一个具体的例子是对模型计算损伤演化的飞机部件的剩余寿命的预测，输入变量是裂纹尺寸和循环次数，预测参数是组件上的实际应力和剩余寿命。

6. 发明申请

US20070120561A1 Method for material property monitoring with perforated, surface mounted sensors 有权
公开(公告)号：US20070120561A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-31
申请号：US11522628
申请日：2006-09-18
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Karen Walrath , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Karen Walrath , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/72 , G01B7/24 , G01B7/34 , G01N27/902 , G01R33/12
摘要： Material condition monitoring may be performed by electromagnetic sensors and sensor arrays mounted to the material surface. The sensors typically have a periodic winding or electrode structure that creates a periodic sensing field when driven by an electrical signal. The sensors can be thin and flexible so that they conform to the surface of the test material. They can also be mounted such that they do not significantly modify the environmental exposure conditions for the test material, such as by creating stand-off gaps between the sensor and material surface or by perforating the sensor substrate.

7. 发明申请

US20070114993A1 Magnetic field characterization of stresses and properties in materials 审中-公开
标题翻译：材料应力和性能的磁场表征
公开(公告)号：US20070114993A1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-24
申请号：US11292146
申请日：2005-11-30
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Ian Shay , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Ian Shay , Darrell Schlicker , Andrew Washabaugh , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Vladimir Tsukernik
IPC分类号： G01R33/12
CPC分类号： G01N27/9013
摘要： Described are methods for monitoring of stresses and other material properties. These methods use measurements of effective electrical properties, such as magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity, to infer the state of the test material, such as the stress, temperature, or overload condition. The sensors, which can be single element sensors or sensor arrays, can be used to periodically inspect selected locations, mounted to the test material, or scanned over the test material to generate two-dimensional images of the material properties. Magnetic field or eddy current based inductive and giant magnetoresistive sensors may be used on magnetizable and/or conducting materials, while capacitive sensors can be used for dielectric materials. Methods are also described for the use of state-sensitive layers to determine the state of materials of interest. These methods allow the weight of articles, such as aircraft, to be determined.
摘要翻译：描述了用于监测应力和其他材料性质的方法。这些方法使用诸如磁导率和电导率之类的有效电性能的测量来推断测试材料的状态，例如应力，温度或过载条件。可以使用可以是单元件传感器或传感器阵列的传感器来周期性地检查安装到测试材料上的选定位置，或者在测试材料上扫描以产生材料特性的二维图像。基于磁场或涡电流的感应和巨磁阻传感器可用于可磁化和/或导电材料，而电容传感器可用于介电材料。还描述了使用状态敏感层来确定感兴趣的材料的状态的方法。这些方法允许确定诸如飞机的物品的重量。

8. 发明申请

US20060247896A1 Segmented field dielectric sensor array for material characterization 有权
标题翻译：用于材料表征的分段场介质传感器阵列
公开(公告)号：US20060247896A1
公开(公告)日：2006-11-02
申请号：US11371315
申请日：2006-03-07
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Yanko Sheiretov , Andrew Washabaugh , David Grundy , Vladimir Zilberstein
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Darrell Schlicker , Yanko Sheiretov , Andrew Washabaugh , David Grundy , Vladimir Zilberstein
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G01N22/00
摘要： The condition of insulating and semiconducting dielectric materials is assessed by a sensor array that uses electric fields to interrogate the test material. The sensor has a linear array of parallel drive conductors interconnected to form a single drive electrode and sense conductors placed on each side of and parallel to a drive conductor. Subsets of the sense conductors are interconnected to form at least two sense elements sensitive to different material regions. The sense conductors may be at different distances to the drive conductors, enabling measurement sensitivity to different depths into the test material. The material condition is assessed directly from the sense element responses or after conversion to an effective material property, such as an electrical conductivity or dielectric permittivity.
摘要翻译：绝缘和半导体介电材料的条件通过使用电场询问测试材料的传感器阵列来评估。传感器具有互连以形成单个驱动电极的线性阵列和放置在驱动导体的平行于驱动导体的每一侧上的感测导体。感测导体的子集互连以形成对不同材料区域敏感的至少两个感测元件。感测导体可以距离驱动导体不同的距离，使测量灵敏度不同于测试材料的深度。材料条件直接由感应元件响应或转换为有效材料性质（如导电率或介电常数）进行评估。

9. 发明申请

US20050127908A1 Absolute property measurements using electromagnetic sensors 有权
标题翻译：使用电磁传感器的绝对属性测量
公开(公告)号：US20050127908A1
公开(公告)日：2005-06-16
申请号：US10963482
申请日：2004-10-12
申请人： Darrell Schlicker , Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Tsukernik , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay
发明人： Darrell Schlicker , Neil Goldfine , David Grundy , Robert Lyons , Vladimir Zilberstein , Andrew Washabaugh , Vladimir Tsukernik , Mark Windoloski , Ian Shay
IPC分类号： G01N27/02 , G01N27/82
CPC分类号： G01N27/023 , G01N27/9046
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for absolute electrical property measurement of materials. This is accomplished with magnetic and electric field based sensors and sensor array geometries that can be modeled accurately and with impedance instrumentation that permits accurate measurements of the in-phase and quadrature phase signal components. A dithering calibration method is also described which allows the measurement to account for background material noise variations. Methods are also described for accounting for noise factors in sensor design and selection of the optimal operating conditions which can minimize the error bounds for material property estimates. Example application of these methods to automated engine disk slot inspection and assessment of the mechanical condition of dielectric materials are presented.
摘要翻译：对材料的绝对电气性能测量方法和设备进行了描述。这是通过基于磁场和电场的传感器和传感器阵列几何形状来实现的，其可以被精确地建模并且具有允许精确测量同相和正交相位信号分量的阻抗测量。还描述了抖动校准方法，其允许测量考虑背景材料噪声变化。还描述了用于考虑传感器设计中的噪声因子和选择可以最小化材料性能估计的误差界限的最佳操作条件的方法。介绍了将这些方法应用于自动化引擎盘槽检查和评估介电材料的机械状态。

10. 发明申请

US20050088172A1 Hidden feature characterization using eddy current sensors and arrays 有权
标题翻译：使用涡流传感器和阵列的隐藏特征表征
公开(公告)号：US20050088172A1
公开(公告)日：2005-04-28
申请号：US10934103
申请日：2004-09-03
申请人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Andrew Washabaugh
发明人： Neil Goldfine , Vladimir Zilberstein , Darrell Schlicker , David Grundy , Ian Shay , Robert Lyons , Andrew Washabaugh
IPC分类号： G01N27/90 , G01N27/72
CPC分类号： G01N27/9046
摘要： Quasistatic sensor responses may be converted into multiple model parameters to characterize hidden properties of a material. Methods of conversion use databases of responses and, in some cases, databases that include derivatives of the responses, to estimate at least three unknown model parameters, such as the electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, dielectric permittivity, thermal conductivity, and/or layer thickness. These parameter responses are then used to obtain a quantitative estimate of a property of a hidden feature, such as corrosion loss layer thicknesses, inclusion size and depth, or stress variation. The sensors can be single element sensors or sensor arrays and impose an interrogation electric, magnetic, or thermal field.
摘要翻译：准静态传感器响应可以转换成多个模型参数来表征材料的隐藏属性。转换方法使用响应数据库，在某些情况下，包括响应的衍生物的数据库，估计至少三个未知模型参数，如电导率，磁导率，介电常数，导热系数和/或层厚度。然后使用这些参数响应来获得隐藏特征的性质的定量估计，例如腐蚀损失层厚度，夹杂物尺寸和深度或应力变化。这些传感器可以是单元件传感器或传感器阵列，并且会产生询问电磁场或热场。

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