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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Drilling with casing
    • 用套管钻
    • US07334649B2
    • 2008-02-26
    • US11103186
    • 2005-04-11
    • Chen-Kang D. ChenM. Vikram Rao
    • Chen-Kang D. ChenM. Vikram Rao
    • E21B7/20
    • E21B7/067E21B7/20E21B10/26E21B17/08E21B17/1092
    • A borehole may be drilled utilizing the bottom hole assembly 10, 50 with a downhole motor 14, 110, which may offset at a selected bend angle. A bend for directional drilling may be provided by a PDM, or by a RSD. A gauge section 36 secured to the pilot bit 18 has a uniform diameter bearing surface along an axial length of at least 60% of the pilot bit diameter. The bit or reamer 16 has a bit face defining the cutting diameter of the drilled hole. The axial spacing between the bend and the bit face is controlled to less than fifteen times the bit diameter. The downhole motor, pilot bit and bit may be retrieved from the well while leaving the casing string in the well.
    • 可以利用底孔组件10,50钻出钻孔,井下电机14,110可以以选定的弯曲角度偏移。 用于定向钻孔的弯曲可以由PDM或RSD提供。 固定到导向钻头18的标尺部分36沿着导向钻头直径的至少60%的轴向长度具有均匀的直径支承表面。 钻头或铰刀16具有限定钻孔的切割直径的钻头面。 弯头与钻头面之间的轴向间距被控制在钻头直径的十五倍以下。 井下电机,导向钻头和钻头可以从井中取出,同时将套管柱留在井中。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Secondary lead smelting process
    • 二次铅冶炼工艺
    • US4115109A
    • 1978-09-19
    • US842983
    • 1977-10-17
    • Karl David LibschMannige Vikram Rao
    • Karl David LibschMannige Vikram Rao
    • C22B13/02H01M10/54
    • H01M10/54C22B13/02Y02P10/214Y02W30/84
    • A process for producing metallic lead from lead battery plates and other types of lead scrap in a secondary lead smelting operation has been developed which comprises adding from 1% to 8% moisture and 0.5% to 5% oxygen to the air which is used to react with carbonaceous material such as coke to maintain the temperature in the melting region from about 1100.degree. C. to about 1300.degree. C. The moisture is added to the air to react with the coke to form carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and the oxygen is added to maintain the temperature in the melting zone. Increased amounts of lead are produced using smaller quantities of coke and iron when the moisture and the oxygen are added to the air.
    • 已经开发了在二次铅熔炼操作中从铅电池板和其他类型的废铅生产金属铅的方法,其包括向用于反应的空气中加入1%至8%的水分和0.5%至5%的氧气 用碳质材料如焦炭将熔融区域的温度保持在约1100℃至约1300℃。将水分加入到空气中与焦炭反应以形成一氧化碳和氢气,并加入氧气 以保持熔融区的温度。 当将水分和氧气添加到空气中时,使用较少量的焦炭和铁产生铅的增加。