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1. 发明申请

US20110277888A1 CHROMIUN-ENRICHED OXIDE CONTAINING MATERIAL AND PREOXIDATION METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME TO MITIGATE CORROSION AND FOULING ASSOCIATED WITH HEAT TRANSFER COMPONENTS 失效
标题翻译：含氧化烯的含氧材料及其制备方法，以减少与热转印组分有关的腐蚀和蒸发
公开(公告)号：US20110277888A1
公开(公告)日：2011-11-17
申请号：US13193223
申请日：2011-07-28
申请人： ChangMin CHUN , Mark A. GREANEY , Thomas BRUNO , Ian A. CODY , Trikur A. RAMANARAYANAN
发明人： ChangMin CHUN , Mark A. GREANEY , Thomas BRUNO , Ian A. CODY , Trikur A. RAMANARAYANAN
IPC分类号： C23C28/00
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , C10G9/203 , C10G2300/4075 , F28D2021/0059 , F28F19/00 , F28F19/002 , F28F19/02 , F28F19/06 , F28F21/082 , F28F21/083 , F28F25/08 , F28G7/00 , Y10T428/12549 , Y10T428/1259
摘要： A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance for a heat transfer component is disclosed. The heat transfer component includes a heat exchange surface formed from a chromium-enriched oxide containing material formed from the composition δ, ε, and ζ, wherein ζ is a steel containing at least about 5 to about 40 wt. % chromium, ε is a chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) formed on the surface of the steel ζ, wherein M is a metal containing at least 5 wt. % Cr based on the total weight of the metal M, and δ is a top layer formed on the surface of the chromium-enriched oxide ε, comprising sulfide, oxide, oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The top layer δ comprises iron sulfide (Fe1-xS), iron oxide (Fe3O4), iron oxysulfide, iron-chromium sulfide, iron-chromium oxide, iron-chromium oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The metal M of the chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) may comprise Fe, Cr, and constituting elements of the steel ζ. The steel ζ may be selected from low chromium steels, ferritic stainless steels, martensitic stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, duplex stainless steels and precipitation-hardenable alloys.
摘要翻译：公开了一种提供耐热性和耐腐蚀性的传热部件的耐污性的方法。传热组分包括由组合物δ，＆egr和ζ形成的含铬富氧材料形成的热交换表面，其中ζ是含有至少约5至约40重量％％铬，是在钢ζ的表面上形成的富含铬的氧化物（M3O4或M2O3或其混合物），其中M是含有至少5wt。％Cr，基于金属M的总重量，δ是在富含铬的氧化物的表面上形成的顶层，其包含硫化物，氧化物，硫氧化物及其混合物。顶层δ包括硫化铁（Fe1-xS），氧化铁（Fe3O4），硫氧化铁，铁 - 硫化铬，铁 - 铬氧化物，铁 - 硫氧化铬及其混合物。富含铬的氧化物（M3O4或M2O3或其混合物）的金属M可以包含Fe，Cr和构成元素的ζ。钢ζ可以选自低铬钢，铁素体不锈钢，马氏体不锈钢，奥氏体不锈钢，双相不锈钢和沉淀硬化合金。

2. 发明授权

US08029914B2 High performance coated material with improved metal dusting corrosion resistance 有权
标题翻译：高性能涂层材料具有改善的金属除尘耐腐蚀性
公开(公告)号：US08029914B2
公开(公告)日：2011-10-04
申请号：US11827013
申请日：2007-07-10
申请人： Kenneth E. Bagnoli , G. Phillip Anderson , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , ChangMin Chun
发明人： Kenneth E. Bagnoli , G. Phillip Anderson , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , ChangMin Chun
IPC分类号： B32B15/04 , B32B15/20 , B05D3/02 , B05D3/06
CPC分类号： C23C8/16 , C23C4/073 , C23C4/18 , Y10T428/1259 , Y10T428/12618 , Y10T428/12944 , Y10T428/24967 , Y10T428/26 , Y10T428/263 , Y10T428/265
摘要： High performance coated metal compositions resistant to metal dusting corrosion and methods of providing such compositions are provided by the present invention. The coated metal compositions are represented by the structure (PQR), wherein P is an oxide layer at the surface of (PQR), Q is a coating metal layer interposed between P and R, and R is a base metal. P includes alumina, chromia, silica, mullite or mixtures thereof. Q includes Ni and Al, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Si, Mn, Fe, Co, B, C, N, P, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au and mixtures thereof. R is selected from the group consisting of carbon steels, low chromium steels, ferritic stainless steels, austenetic stainless steels, duplex stainless steels, Inconel alloys, Incoloy alloys, Fe—Ni based alloys, Ni-based alloys and Co-based alloys. Advantages exhibited by the disclosed coated metal compositions include improved metal dusting corrosion resistance at high temperatures in carbon-supersaturated environments having relatively low oxygen partial pressures. The coated metal compositions are suitable for use in syngas generation process equipment.
摘要翻译：通过本发明提供了耐金属粉尘腐蚀的高性能涂覆金属组合物和提供这种组合物的方法。涂覆的金属组合物由结构（PQR）表示，其中P是（PQR）表面处的氧化物层，Q是介于P和R之间的涂层金属层，R是贱金属。 P包括氧化铝，氧化铬，二氧化硅，莫来石或其混合物。 Q包括Ni和Al，以及选自Cr，Si，Mn，Fe，Co，B，C，N，P，Ga，Ge，As，In，Sn，Sb，Pb，Sc中的至少一种元素，La，Y，Ce，Ti，Zr，Hf，V，Nb，Ta，Mo，W，Ru，Rh，Ir，Pd，Pt，Cu，Ag，Au及其混合物。 R选自碳钢，低铬钢，铁素体不锈钢，奥氏体不锈钢，双相不锈钢，Inconel合金，Incoloy合金，Fe-Ni基合金，Ni基合金和Co基合金。所公开的涂覆的金属组合物显示的优点包括在具有相对低的氧分压的碳过饱和环境中在高温下提高的金属粉尘耐腐蚀性。涂覆的金属组合物适用于合成气生成工艺设备。

3. 发明授权

US5520751A Oxidation of low chromium steels 失效
标题翻译：低铬钢的氧化
公开(公告)号：US5520751A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-28
申请号：US294697
申请日：1994-08-23
申请人： Vinod K. Pareek , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , James D. Mumford , Adnan Ozekcin
发明人： Vinod K. Pareek , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , James D. Mumford , Adnan Ozekcin
IPC分类号： C23C8/14 , C23C8/18 , C23C8/10
CPC分类号： C23C8/14 , C23C8/18
摘要： The present invention is a process for forming protective films on an alloy substrate by: oxidizing an alloy comprising iron and chromium in an oxygen containing atmosphere, said alloy containing from about 5 to about 15 wt % chromium, at a temperature of from about 200.degree. C. (473.degree. K.) to about 1400.degree. C. (1673.degree. K.), more preferably 300.degree. C. (573.degree. K.) to 600.degree. C. (873.degree. K.) wherein the partial pressure of oxygen in said oxygen containing atmosphere is above or equal to the dissociation pressure of Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 and FeO below or equal to the dissociation pressure of Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 within the specified temperature range, and for a time sufficient to effect the formation of a film comprising iron-chromium oxide (FeCr.sub.2 O.sub.4) spinel on the surface of said alloy. In a further embodiment, the film may additionally contain Silicon.
摘要翻译：本发明是通过在含氧气氛中氧化包含铁和铬的合金，所述合金含有约5至约15重量％的铬，在约200℃的温度下，在合金基底上形成保护膜的方法（473°K）至约1400°C（1673°K），更优选300°C（573°K）至600°C（873°K），其中氧气分压在所述含氧气氛中Fe 3 O 4和FeO的解离压力高于或等于Fe 2 O 3在规定温度范围内的解离压力，并且足以形成包含铁 - 铬氧化物的膜的时间（ FeCr2O4）尖晶石在所述合金的表面上。在另一个实施方案中，该膜可另外含有硅。

4. 发明申请

US20080199349A1 High performance alloys with improved metal dusting corrosion resistance 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有改善金属除尘耐腐蚀性能的高性能合金
公开(公告)号：US20080199349A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-21
申请号：US12069289
申请日：2008-02-08
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
IPC分类号： C22C30/00
CPC分类号： C23C4/02 , C23C28/042 , Y10T428/12618 , Y10T428/1266 , Y10T428/12931 , Y10T428/12944 , Y10T428/12951
摘要： Alloy compositions which are resistant to metal dusting corrosion are provided by the present invention. Also provided are methods for preventing metal dusting on metal surfaces exposed to carbon supersaturated environments. The alloy compositions include an alloy (PQR), and a multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR). The alloy (PQR) includes a metal (P) selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, an alloying metal (Q) comprising Cr, Mn, and either Al, Si, or Al/Si, and an alloying element (R). When the alloying metal (Q) includes Al, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy includes at least three oxide layers. When the alloying metal (Q) includes Si, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR) includes at least four oxide layers. When the alloying metal (Q) includes Al and Si, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR) includes at least three oxide layers. The multi-layer oxide film is formed in situ during use of the alloy composition in a carbon supersaturated metal dusting environment. Advantages exhibited by the disclosed alloy compositions include improved metal dusting corrosion resistance at high temperatures in carbon-supersaturated environments having relatively low oxygen partial pressures. The disclosed alloy compositions are suitable for use as the inner surfaces in reactor systems and refinery apparatus.
摘要翻译：耐金属粉尘腐蚀的合金组合物由本发明提供。还提供了防止金属表面暴露于碳过饱和环境的金属粉尘的方法。合金组合物包括合金（PQR）和合金表面上的多层氧化膜（PQR）。合金（PQR）包括选自Fe，Ni，Co及其混合物的金属（P），包含Cr，Mn以及Al，Si或Al / Si的合金金属（Q），以及合金元素（R）。当合金金属（Q）包括Al时，合金表面上的多层氧化物膜包括至少三个氧化物层。当合金金属（Q）包含Si时，合金表面上的多层氧化物膜（PQR）包括至少四个氧化物层。当合金金属（Q）包括Al和Si时，合金表面上的多层氧化物膜（PQR）包括至少三个氧化物层。在碳过饱和金属粉尘环境中的合金组合物的使用期间，多层氧化物膜原位形成。所公开的合金组合物显示的优点包括在具有相对低的氧分压的碳过饱和环境中的高温下改善的金属粉尘耐腐蚀性。所公开的合金组合物适用于反应器系统和炼油设备中的内表面。

5. 发明授权

US08470097B2 Silicon-containing steel compostition with improved heat exchanger corrosion and fouling resistance 失效
标题翻译：含硅钢组合物具有改善的热交换器腐蚀和耐污垢性
公开(公告)号：US08470097B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-25
申请号：US13471906
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A Cody , Trikur A Ramanarayanan , LeRoy A Clavenna
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A Cody , Trikur A Ramanarayanan , LeRoy A Clavenna
IPC分类号： C23C8/16 , C23C8/18
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , C10G9/203 , C10G2300/4075 , F28D2021/0059 , F28F19/00 , F28F19/002 , F28F19/02 , F28F19/06 , F28F21/082 , F28F21/083 , F28F25/08 , F28G7/00 , Y10T428/12549 , Y10T428/1259
摘要： A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance to a heat transfer component surface includes providing a silicon containing steel composition including an alloy and a Si-partitioned non-metallic film formed on a surface of the alloy. The alloy is formed from the composition η, θ,and τ, in which η is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, θ is Si, and τ is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, B, C, N, P, O, S and mixtures thereof. The Si-partitioned non-metallic film comprises at least one of sulfide, oxysulfide and mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译：提供耐硫化腐蚀性和对传热组分表面的腐蚀引起的结垢性的方法包括提供包含在合金表面上形成的合金和Si分隔的非金属膜的含硅钢组合物。合金由组成eta，θ和tau形成，其中η是选自Fe，Ni，Co及其混合物的金属，θ是Si，tau是选自以下的至少一种合金元素：由Cr，Al，Mn，Ti，Zr，Hf，V，Nb，Ta，Mo，W，Sc，La，Y，Ce，Ru，Rh，Ir，Pd，Pt，Cu，Ag，Au， Ga，Ge，As，In，Sn，Sb，Pb，B，C，N，P，O，S及其混合物。 Si分隔的非金属膜包括硫化物，硫化硫及其混合物中的至少一种。

6. 发明授权

US08465599B2 Chromiun-enriched oxide containing material and preoxidation method of making the same to mitigate corrosion and fouling associated with heat transfer components 失效
标题翻译：富含氧化铬的氧化物材料和预氧化方法，以减少与传热组分相关的腐蚀和结垢
公开(公告)号：US08465599B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-18
申请号：US13193223
申请日：2011-07-28
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
IPC分类号： C23C8/14
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , C10G9/203 , C10G2300/4075 , F28D2021/0059 , F28F19/00 , F28F19/002 , F28F19/02 , F28F19/06 , F28F21/082 , F28F21/083 , F28F25/08 , F28G7/00 , Y10T428/12549 , Y10T428/1259
摘要： A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance for a heat transfer component is disclosed. The heat transfer component includes a heat exchange surface formed from a chromium-enriched oxide containing material formed from the composition δ, ε, and ζ, wherein ζ is a steel containing at least about 5 to about 40 wt. % chromium, ε is a chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) formed on the surface of the steel ζ, wherein M is a metal containing at least 5 wt. % Cr based on the total weight of the metal M, and δ is a top layer formed on the surface of the chromium-enriched oxide ε, comprising sulfide, oxide, oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The top layer δ comprises iron sulfide (Fe1-xS), iron oxide (Fe3O4), iron oxysulfide, iron-chromium sulfide, iron-chromium oxide, iron-chromium oxysulfide, and mixtures thereof. The metal M of the chromium enriched oxide (M3O4 or M2O3 or mixtures thereof) may comprise Fe, Cr, and constituting elements of the steel ζ. The steel ζ may be selected from low chromium steels, ferritic stainless steels, martensitic stainless steels, austenitic stainless steels, duplex stainless steels and precipitation-hardenable alloys.
摘要翻译：公开了一种提供耐热性和耐腐蚀性的传热部件的耐污性的方法。传热组件包括由组合物δ，ε和zeta形成的含铬富含氧化物材料形成的热交换表面，其中ζ是含有至少约5至约40wt。％铬，ε是形成在钢ζ表面上的富铬氧化物（M3O4或M2O3或其混合物），其中M是含有至少5wt。％Cr，基于金属M的总重量，δ是在富含铬的氧化物ε的表面上形成的顶层，其包含硫化物，氧化物，氧硫化物及其混合物。顶层delta包括硫化铁（Fe1-xS），氧化铁（Fe3O4），硫氧化铁，铁 - 硫化铬，铁 - 氧化铬，铁 - 硫氧化铬及其混合物。富含铬的氧化物（M3O4或M2O3或其混合物）的金属M可以包含Fe，Cr和钢ζ的构成元素。钢ζ可选自低铬钢，铁素体不锈钢，马氏体不锈钢，奥氏体不锈钢，双相不锈钢和沉淀硬化合金。

7. 发明申请

US20120273091A1 SILICON-CONTAINING STEEL COMPOSTITION WITH IMPROVED HEAT EXCHANGER CORROSION AND FOULING RESISTANCE 失效
标题翻译：具有改善热交换器腐蚀和耐电阻性的含硅钢组合
公开(公告)号：US20120273091A1
公开(公告)日：2012-11-01
申请号：US13471906
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , LeRoy R. Clavenna
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , LeRoy R. Clavenna
IPC分类号： C23C8/00
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , C10G9/203 , C10G2300/4075 , F28D2021/0059 , F28F19/00 , F28F19/002 , F28F19/02 , F28F19/06 , F28F21/082 , F28F21/083 , F28F25/08 , F28G7/00 , Y10T428/12549 , Y10T428/1259
摘要： A method of providing sulfidation corrosion resistance and corrosion induced fouling resistance to a heat transfer component surface includes providing a silicon containing steel composition including an alloy and a Si-partitioned non-metallic film formed on a surface of the alloy. The alloy is formed from the composition η, θ, and t, in which η is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, θ is Si, and t is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, B, C, N, P, O, S and mixtures thereof. The Si-partitioned non-metallic film comprises at least one of sulfide, oxysulfide and mixtures thereof.
摘要翻译：提供耐硫化腐蚀性和对传热组分表面的腐蚀引起的结垢性的方法包括提供包含在合金表面上形成的合金和Si分隔的非金属膜的含硅钢组合物。该合金由组合物＆amp; ...，...和t形成，其中，是选自Fe，Ni，Co及其混合物的金属，是Si，t是选自Cr，Al，Mn，Ti，Zr，Hf，V，Nb，Ta，Mo，W，Sc，La，Y，Ce，Ru，Rh中的至少一种合金元素，Ir，Pd，Pt，Cu，Ag，Au，Ga，Ge，As，In，Sn，Sb，Pb，B，C，N，P，O，S及其混合物。 Si分隔的非金属膜包括硫化物，硫化硫及其混合物中的至少一种。

8. 发明授权

US5869195A Corrosion resistant carbon steel 失效
标题翻译：耐腐蚀碳钢
公开(公告)号：US5869195A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-09
申请号：US778532
申请日：1997-01-03
申请人： Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , Adnan Ozekcin
发明人： Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , Adnan Ozekcin
IPC分类号： C23C8/06 , C23C8/08 , B22D25/00
CPC分类号： C23C8/08 , Y10S148/909 , Y10T428/12458
摘要： Corrosion of conventional refinery steels due to sulfur bearing, carboxylic acid containing hydrocarbon materials is minimized by forming on the surface of the steel a fine grain iron sulfide film where at least the steel surface is substantially all of a pearlite microstructure.
摘要翻译：通过在钢的表面上形成至少钢表面几乎全部为珠光体组织的细晶粒铁硫化物薄膜，使含硫羧酸的烃类材料的常规炼油钢的腐蚀最小化。

9. 发明授权

US08211548B2 Silicon-containing steel composition with improved heat exchanger corrosion and fouling resistance 失效
标题翻译：含硅钢组合物具有改善的热交换器腐蚀和耐污垢性
公开(公告)号：US08211548B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-03
申请号：US11641756
申请日：2006-12-20
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , LeRoy R. Clavenna
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Mark A. Greaney , Thomas Bruno , Ian A. Cody , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan , LeRoy R. Clavenna
IPC分类号： B32B15/04
CPC分类号： F28D7/16 , C10G9/203 , C10G2300/4075 , F28D2021/0059 , F28F19/00 , F28F19/002 , F28F19/02 , F28F19/06 , F28F21/082 , F28F21/083 , F28F25/08 , F28G7/00 , Y10T428/12549 , Y10T428/1259
摘要： A heat transfer component that is resistant to both corrosion and fouling is disclosed having a heat exchange surface formed from a silicon containing steel composition including an alloy and a non-metallic film formed on a surface of the alloy. The alloy is formed from the composition η, θ, and τ, in which η is a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, θ is Si, and τ is at least one alloying element selected from the group consisting of Cr, Al, Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Sc, La, Y, Ce, Ru, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Ga, Ge, As, In, Sn, Sb, Pb, B, C, N, P, O, S and mixtures thereof. The non-metallic film comprises sulfide, oxide, carbide, nitride, oxysulfide, oxycarbide, oxynitride and mixtures thereof. The surface roughness of the heat transfer component is less than 40 micro inches.
摘要翻译：公开了一种耐腐蚀和结垢的传热组分，其具有由含有合金的含硅钢组合物形成的热交换表面和在合金表面上形成的非金属膜。该合金是由组合物＆amp; 是选自Fe，Ni，Co及其混合物的金属，是Si，τ是选自Cr，Al，Mn，Ti，Zr，Hf，V，Nb，Ta，Mo，W，Sc，La，Y，Ce，Ru，Rh中的至少一种合金元素，Ir，Pd，Pt，Cu，Ag，Au，Ga，Ge，As，In，Sn，Sb，Pb，B，C，N，P，O，S及其混合物。非金属膜包括硫化物，氧化物，碳化物，氮化物，氧硫化物，氧化碳，氧氮化物及其混合物。传热部件的表面粗糙度小于40微英寸。

10. 发明授权

US07354660B2 High performance alloys with improved metal dusting corrosion resistance 有权
公开(公告)号：US07354660B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-08
申请号：US11126007
申请日：2005-05-10
申请人： ChangMin Chun , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
发明人： ChangMin Chun , Trikur A. Ramanarayanan
IPC分类号： B32B15/04 , B32B15/18 , B32B15/20 , C10G75/00
CPC分类号： C23C4/02 , C23C28/042 , Y10T428/12618 , Y10T428/1266 , Y10T428/12931 , Y10T428/12944 , Y10T428/12951
摘要： Alloy compositions which are resistant to metal dusting corrosion are provided by the present invention. Also provided are methods for preventing metal dusting on metal surfaces exposed to carbon supersaturated environments. The alloy compositions include an alloy (PQR), and a multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR). The alloy (PQR) includes a metal (P) selected from the group consisting of Fe, Ni, Co, and mixtures thereof, an alloying metal (Q) comprising Cr, Mn, and either Al, Si, or Al/Si, and an alloying element (R). When the alloying metal (Q) includes Al, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy includes at least three oxide layers. When the alloying metal (Q) includes Si, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR) includes at least four oxide layers. When the alloying metal (Q) includes Al and Si, the multi-layer oxide film on the surface of the alloy (PQR) includes at least three oxide layers. The multi-layer oxide film is formed in situ during use of the alloy composition in a carbon supersaturated metal dusting environment. Advantages exhibited by the disclosed alloy compositions include improved metal dusting corrosion resistance at high temperatures in carbon-supersaturated environments having relatively low oxygen partial pressures. The disclosed alloy compositions are suitable for use as the inner surfaces in reactor systems and refinery apparatus.

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