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1. 发明申请

US20110222635A1 High-Speed Communication Channel Techniques with Improved Robustness to Timing Uncertainty 有权
标题翻译：高速通信通道技术，提高了时序不确定度的鲁棒性
公开(公告)号：US20110222635A1
公开(公告)日：2011-09-15
申请号：US13074804
申请日：2011-03-29
申请人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
发明人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
IPC分类号： H04L27/06
CPC分类号： H04L7/0062 , H03M1/0675 , H03M1/0836 , H03M1/1245 , H04L1/0052 , H04L1/0054
摘要： A method and system using the principle of generalized maximum likelihood estimation to resolve sample timing uncertainties that are associated with the decoding of communication signals. By using generalized maximum likelihood estimation, sample timing uncertainty can be resolved by taking multiple samples of the received signal within a symbol period and determining which sample best corresponds to the optimal sample timing. The sample which best corresponds to the optimal sample timing can be determined from a timing index which can be calculated from ambiguity indicators that are based on the samples of the received signal.
摘要翻译：一种使用广义最大似然估计原理来解决与通信信号的解码相关联的采样定时不确定性的方法和系统。通过使用广义最大似然估计，可以通过在符号周期内采集接收信号的多个样本来确定采样定时不确定度，并确定哪个采样最佳对应于最佳采样定时。可以从可以基于接收信号的样本的模糊度指标计算的定时指标来确定最佳对应于最佳采样定时的采样。

2. 发明授权

US07173551B2 Increasing data throughput in optical fiber transmission systems 失效
公开(公告)号：US07173551B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US10032586
申请日：2001-12-21
申请人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Joy Laskar , Sungyong Jung , Vincent Mark Hietala , Edward Gebara
发明人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Joy Laskar , Sungyong Jung , Vincent Mark Hietala , Edward Gebara
IPC分类号： H03M1/66
CPC分类号： H04L1/0042 , G11C27/02 , H04L25/03343 , H04L27/02 , H04L27/367
摘要： Data throughput rates are increased in an optical fiber communication system without requiring replacement of the existing optical fiber in a link. Channel throughput is increased by upgrading the components and circuitry in the head and terminal of an optical fiber communication system link. Aggregate throughput in a fiber optic link is increased beyond the range of conventional Wavelength Division Multiplexed (WDM) upgrades, while precluding the necessity of replacing existing fiber plants. The increase in system throughput is achieved by using advanced modulation techniques to encode greater amounts of data into the transmitted spectrum of a channel, thereby increasing the spectral efficiency of each channel. This novel method of increasing transmission capacity by upgrading the head and terminal of the system to achieve greater spectral efficiency and hence throughput, alleviates the need to replace existing fiber plants. Spectrally efficient complex modulation techniques can be supported by interface circuits with an increased level of signal processing capability in order to both encode multiple bits into a transmitted symbol and decode the original data from the received symbols.

3. 发明授权

US07149256B2 Multilevel pulse position modulation for efficient fiber optic communication 失效
公开(公告)号：US07149256B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10112586
申请日：2002-03-29
申请人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Vincent Mark Hietala
发明人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Vincent Mark Hietala
IPC分类号： H04L27/04 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： H04L25/4917 , H04B10/5161 , H04B10/524 , H04B10/541 , H04L25/4902
摘要： Decreasing the average transmitted power in an optical fiber communication channel using multilevel amplitude modulation in conjunction with Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). This multilevel PPM method does not entail any tradeoff between decreased power per channel and channel bandwidth, enabling a lower average transmitted power compared to On/Off Keying (OOK) with no reduction in aggregate data rate. Therefore, multilevel PPM can be used in high-speed Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed (DWDM) systems where the maximum number of channels is traditionally limited by nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), four-wave mixing (FWM), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). This modulation technique can enable an increased number of channels in DWDM systems, thereby increasing aggregate data rates within those systems.

4. 发明授权

US06870152B2 Segmented photodetectors for detection and compensation of modal dispersion in optical waveguides 失效
标题翻译：用于检测和补偿光波导中的模态色散的分段光电探测器
公开(公告)号：US06870152B2
公开(公告)日：2005-03-22
申请号：US10061621
申请日：2002-02-01
申请人： Stephen E. Ralph , Ketan Patel
发明人： Stephen E. Ralph , Ketan Patel
IPC分类号： G01J1/42 , G02B6/42 , H01L31/02 , H04B10/2581 , G01J4/00
CPC分类号： G01J1/4228 , G02B6/4202 , G02B6/4206 , H01L31/02024 , H04B10/2581
摘要： Systems for detection and compensation of modal dispersion in an optical fiber system including a multisegment photodetector coupled to an end of an optical fiber for detecting optical signals exiting the optical fiber and for converting the optical signals to an electrical output are provided. A representative multisegment photodetector includes a plurality of photodetector regions configured such that each of the plurality of photodetectors detects a portion of the plurality of optical signals exiting the end of the optical fiber and modifies the signal to reduce the affects of modal dispersion. Other systems are also provided.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在光纤系统中检测和补偿模式色散的系统，包括耦合到光纤端部的多段光电检测器，用于检测离开光纤的光信号并将光信号转换成电输出。代表性的多段光电检测器包括多个光电检测器区域，其被配置为使得多个光电检测器中的每一个检测出离开光纤末端的多个光信号的一部分，并修改该信号以减少模态色散的影响。还提供其他系统。

5. 发明授权

US06847760B2 Spatially resolved equalization and forward error correction for multimode fiber links 失效
标题翻译：多模光纤链路的空间分辨均衡和前向纠错
公开(公告)号：US06847760B2
公开(公告)日：2005-01-25
申请号：US10202277
申请日：2002-07-24
申请人： Cenk Argon , Steven William McLaughlin , Ketan Patel , Stephen E. Ralph
发明人： Cenk Argon , Steven William McLaughlin , Ketan Patel , Stephen E. Ralph
IPC分类号： G02B6/42 , H04B10/2581 , G02B6/26 , H04J14/02
CPC分类号： H04B10/2581 , G02B6/4202 , G02B6/4206
摘要： A system is described that includes a system for correcting modal dispersion and errors in an optical fiber system. The system includes a multisegment photodetector coupled to an end of an optical fiber for detecting optical signals exiting the optical fiber and for converting the optical signals to an electrical output, the multisegment photodetector including a plurality of photodetector regions configured such that one of the plurality of photodetectors regions intercepts a mode in a manner distinct from another of the plurality of photodetectors. The system also includes logic configured to receive a resultant signal output from the photodetector regions and provide forward error correction decoding of the resultant signal.
摘要翻译：描述了一种包括用于校正光纤系统中的模态色散和误差的系统的系统。该系统包括耦合到光纤端部的多段光电检测器，用于检测离开光纤的光信号并将光信号转换成电输出，该多段光检测器包括多个光电检测器区域，其被配置为使得多个光电检测器区域以与多个光电检测器中的另一个不同的方式截取模式。该系统还包括被配置为接收从光电检测器区域输出的合成信号并提供所得信号的前向纠错解码的逻辑。

6. 发明授权

US06771856B2 Compensation of modal dispersion in optical waveguides 失效
标题翻译：光波导中模态色散的补偿
公开(公告)号：US06771856B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-03
申请号：US10061837
申请日：2002-02-01
申请人： Stephen E. Ralph , Ketan Patel
发明人： Stephen E. Ralph , Ketan Patel
IPC分类号： G02B626
CPC分类号： H04B10/2581 , G02B6/42 , G02B6/4215
摘要： Methods for detecting and compensating for multiple optical signals produced in a multi-mode fiber system are provided. A representative method includes detecting a plurality of optical signals radiating from an end of the multi-mode fiber by a multisegment photodetector having different detector regions that detect different portions of the plurality of optical signals, and modifying detected signal by the multisegment photodetector to reduce the affects of modal dispersion among the plurality of optical signals. Other methods also are provided.
摘要翻译：提供了用于检测和补偿在多模光纤系统中产生的多个光信号的方法。一种代表性的方法包括通过具有检测多个光信号的不同部分的不同检测器区域的多段光电检测器来检测从多模光纤的端部发射的多个光信号，以及通过多段光电检测器修改检测信号以减少影响多个光信号之间的模态色散。还提供了其他方法。

7. 发明授权

US08219893B2 High-speed communication channel techniques with improved robustness to timing uncertainty 有权
标题翻译：高速通信通道技术，具有改进的鲁棒性与定时不确定性
公开(公告)号：US08219893B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-10
申请号：US13074804
申请日：2011-03-29
申请人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
发明人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H04L7/0062 , H03M1/0675 , H03M1/0836 , H03M1/1245 , H04L1/0052 , H04L1/0054
摘要： A method and system using the principle of generalized maximum likelihood estimation to resolve sample timing uncertainties that are associated with the decoding of communication signals. By using generalized maximum likelihood estimation, sample timing uncertainty can be resolved by taking multiple samples of the received signal within a symbol period and determining which sample best corresponds to the optimal sample timing. The sample which best corresponds to the optimal sample timing can be determined from a timing index which can be calculated from ambiguity indicators that are based on the samples of the received signal.
摘要翻译：一种使用广义最大似然估计原理来解决与通信信号的解码相关联的采样定时不确定性的方法和系统。通过使用广义最大似然估计，可以通过在符号周期内采集接收信号的多个样本来确定采样定时不确定度，并确定哪个采样最佳对应于最佳采样定时。可以从可以基于接收信号的样本的模糊度指标计算的定时指标来确定最佳对应于最佳采样定时的采样。

8. 发明授权

US07934144B2 High-speed analog-to-digital conversion with improved robustness to timing uncertainty 有权
标题翻译：高速模数转换，具有改进的时序不确定性鲁棒性
公开(公告)号：US07934144B2
公开(公告)日：2011-04-26
申请号：US10706187
申请日：2003-11-12
申请人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
发明人： Andrew Joo Kim , Stephen E. Ralph , Sanjay Bajekal
IPC分类号： H03M13/00
CPC分类号： H04L7/0062 , H03M1/0675 , H03M1/0836 , H03M1/1245 , H04L1/0052 , H04L1/0054
摘要： A method and system using the principle of generalized maximum likelihood estimation to resolve sample timing uncertainties that are associated with the decoding of communication signals. By using generalized maximum likelihood estimation, sample timing uncertainty can be resolved by taking multiple samples of the received signal within a symbol period and determining which sample best corresponds to the optimal sample timing. The sample which best corresponds to the optimal sample timing can be determined from a timing index which can be calculated from ambiguity indicators that are based on the samples of the received signal.
摘要翻译：一种使用广义最大似然估计原理来解决与通信信号的解码相关联的采样定时不确定性的方法和系统。通过使用广义最大似然估计，可以通过在符号周期内采集接收信号的多个样本来确定采样定时不确定度，并确定哪个采样最佳对应于最佳采样定时。可以从可以基于接收信号的样本的模糊度指标计算的定时指标来确定最佳对应于最佳采样定时的采样。

9. 发明授权

US07352824B2 Multilevel pulse position modulation for efficient fiber optic communication 失效
标题翻译：用于高效光纤通信的多电平脉冲位置调制
公开(公告)号：US07352824B2
公开(公告)日：2008-04-01
申请号：US11543693
申请日：2006-10-05
申请人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Vincent Mark Hietala
发明人： Michael G. Vrazel , Stephen E. Ralph , Vincent Mark Hietala
IPC分类号： H04L27/00 , H03K9/00 , H04B10/04 , H04B10/06
CPC分类号： H04L25/4917 , H04B10/5161 , H04B10/524 , H04B10/541 , H04L25/4902
摘要： Decreasing the average transmitted power in an optical fiber communication channel using multilevel amplitude modulation in conjunction with Pulse Position Modulation (PPM). This multilevel PPM method does not entail any tradeoff between decreased power per channel and channel bandwidth, enabling a lower average transmitted power compared to On/Off Keying (OOK) with no reduction in aggregate data rate. Therefore, multilevel PPM can be used in high-speed Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexed (DWDM) systems where the maximum number of channels is traditionally limited by nonlinear effects such as self-phase modulation (SPM), cross-phase modulation (XPM), four-wave mixing (FWM), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). This modulation technique can enable an increased number of channels in DWDM systems, thereby increasing aggregate data rates within those systems.
摘要翻译：结合脉冲位置调制（PPM），降低使用多电平幅度调制的光纤通信信道中的平均发射功率。这种多级PPM方法不需要在每个通道的功率减少与通道带宽之间进行权衡，与开/关键控（OOK）相比，能够实现较低的平均传输功率，而不会降低总体数据速率。因此，多电平PPM可用于高速密集波分复用（DWDM）系统，其中最大通道数传统上受非线性影响的限制，如自相位调制（SPM），交叉相位调制（XPM），四波混频（FWM），受激布里渊散射（SBS）和受激拉曼散射（SRS）。这种调制技术可以实现DWDM系统中增加的信道数量，从而提高这些系统内的总体数据速率。

10. 发明授权

US4999485A Nonlinerar optical device structure with compound semiconductor having graded chemical composition 失效
标题翻译：具有分级化学成分的化合物半导体的非线性光学器件结构
公开(公告)号：US4999485A
公开(公告)日：1991-03-12
申请号：US533999
申请日：1990-06-04
申请人： Federico Capasso , Stephen E. Ralph
发明人： Federico Capasso , Stephen E. Ralph
IPC分类号： G02F1/017 , G02F1/355
CPC分类号： B82Y20/00 , G02F1/01716 , G02F1/3556 , G02F2001/0175
摘要： A nonlinear optical device structure is formed by a compound semiconductor having a graded chemical composition such that the average drift velocity of electrons is in the same direction as, but of greater magnitude than, that of holes. In this way, when a pump optical beam (control beam) is flashed (as by a picosecond pulse) upon the structure, electron-hole pairs are created with a resulting temporary spatial separation between the holes and the electron--whereby an electric dipole moment is temporarily induced in the structure. In turn, this dipole moment temporarily modifies either the birefringence or absorption property, or both, with respect to a controlled beam--whereby the polarization, phase, or intensity, of the controlled beam can be modified by the control beam. After the electrons and holes drift to positions which extinguish the dipole the structure is ready for a repeat performance.
摘要翻译：非线性光学器件结构由具有分级化学成分的化合物半导体形成，使得电子的平均漂移速度与孔的方向相同但大于其值。以这种方式，当泵结构的光束（控制光束）通过皮秒脉冲闪光时，电子 - 空穴对产生空穴和电子之间的临时空间分隔，由此电偶极矩在结构中暂时诱导。反过来，这个偶极矩相对于被控制的光束临时修改双折射或吸收特性或二者，由此受控束的偏振，相位或强度可以被控制光束修改。在电子和空穴漂移到熄灭偶极子的位置之后，该结构准备好重复执行。

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