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1. 发明授权

US4402927A Silica aerogel 失效
标题翻译：二氧化硅气凝胶
公开(公告)号：US4402927A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-06
申请号：US280537
申请日：1981-07-06
申请人： Guy von Dardel , Sten A. Henning , Leif O. G. Svensson
发明人： Guy von Dardel , Sten A. Henning , Leif O. G. Svensson
IPC分类号： C01B33/158 , C04B28/24 , C04B32/00 , C04B38/00
CPC分类号： C04B38/0045 , C01B33/1585 , C04B28/24 , C04B32/00 , F24J2/50 , F24J2002/508
摘要： Silica aerogel in the form of a substantially crack-free, preferably transparent block is described, together with a method for the preparation of such aerogel and use thereof in solar panels. The preparation is effected by means of hydrolysis of a tetraalkoxysilane, preferably tetramethoxysilane, in an alcohol, preferably methanol, in the presence of a catalyst, preferably ammonia, for the formation of an alcogel which is aged for approximately 10 days and washed with alcohol for removing water. The alcogel is thereafter treated in an autoclave by means of a temperature increase to above the critical point of the alcohol, isothermic pressure drop by means of the release of alcohol vapor, and temperature drop. The temperature increase, the pressure drop and the temperature drop take place at such low mean rates that the aerogel does not crack. To this end, a total treatment time in the autoclave of at least 24 hours is required. After the autoclave treatment, a heat treatment at 500.degree. to 750.degree. C. is possibly carried out for further improving the transparency of the aerogel.
摘要翻译：描述了基本无裂纹，优选透明块形式的二氧化硅气凝胶，以及用于制备这种气凝胶的方法及其在太阳能电池板中的应用。通过在醇，优选甲醇中，在催化剂，优选氨的存在下，通过水解四烷氧基硅烷，优选四甲氧基硅烷来进行制备，以形成老化约10天的凝胶凝胶，并用醇洗涤去除水。然后将醇溶胶在高压釜中通过升温至高于醇的临界点，通过醇蒸气的释放引起的等温压降和温度下降进行处理。温度升高，压降和温度下降发生在气凝胶不破裂的这种低平均速率下。为此，需要在高压釜中至少24小时的总处理时间。高压釜处理后，可能进行500〜750℃的热处理，进一步提高气凝胶的透明度。

2. 发明授权

US4327065A Method of preparing silica aerogel 失效
标题翻译：二氧化硅气凝胶的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4327065A
公开(公告)日：1982-04-27
申请号：US142812
申请日：1980-04-22
申请人： Guy von Dardel , Sten A. Henning , Leif O. G. Svensson
发明人： Guy von Dardel , Sten A. Henning , Leif O. G. Svensson
IPC分类号： C01B33/158
CPC分类号： C01B33/1585
摘要： Silica aerogel in the form of a substantially crack-free, preferably transparent block is described, together with a method for the preparation of such aerogel and use thereof in solar panels. The preparation is effected by means of hydrolysis of a tetraalkoxysilane, preferably tetramethoxysilane, in an alcohol, preferably methanol, in the presence of a catalyst, preferably ammonia, for the formation of an alcogel which is aged for approximately 10 days and washed with alcohol for removing water. The alcogel is thereafter treated in an autoclave by means of a temperature increase to above the critical point of the alcohol, isothermic pressure drop by means of the release of alcohol vapor, and temperature drop. The temperature increase, the pressure drop and the temperature drop take place at the such low mean rates that the aerogel does not crack. To this end, a total treatment time in the autoclave of at least 24 hours is required. After the autoclave treatment, a heat treatment at 500.degree. to 750.degree. C. is possibly carried out for further improving the transparency of the aerogel.
摘要翻译：描述了基本无裂纹，优选透明块形式的二氧化硅气凝胶，以及用于制备这种气凝胶的方法及其在太阳能电池板中的应用。通过在醇，优选甲醇中，在催化剂，优选氨的存在下，通过水解四烷氧基硅烷，优选四甲氧基硅烷来进行制备，以形成老化约10天的凝胶凝胶，并用醇洗涤去除水。然后将醇溶胶在高压釜中通过升温至高于醇的临界点，通过醇蒸气的释放引起的等温压降和温度下降进行处理。温度升高，压降和温度下降发生在气凝胶不破裂的这种低平均速率下。为此，需要在高压釜中至少24小时的总处理时间。高压釜处理后，可能进行500〜750℃的热处理，进一步提高气凝胶的透明度。

3. 发明授权

US5227239A Production of hollow aerogel microspheres 失效
标题翻译：空心气凝胶微球的生产
公开(公告)号：US5227239A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US620123
申请日：1990-11-30
申请人： Ravindra S. Upadhye , Sten A. Henning
发明人： Ravindra S. Upadhye , Sten A. Henning
IPC分类号： B01J35/08 , B01J37/02 , B01J37/03 , C01B33/158 , C03B19/10 , H05H1/22
CPC分类号： G21B1/19 , B01J35/08 , B01J37/0236 , B01J37/036 , C01B33/1585 , C03B19/1065 , Y02E30/16 , Y10T428/249953 , Y10T428/2982
摘要： A method is described for making hollow aerogel microspheres of 800-1200 .mu. diameter and 100-300 .mu. wall thickness by forming hollow alcogel microspheres during the sol/gel process in a catalytic atmosphere and capturing them on a foam surface containing catalyst. Supercritical drying of the formed hollow alcogel microspheres yields hollow aerogel microspheres which are suitable for ICF targets.
摘要翻译：描述了一种通过在溶胶/凝胶过程中在催化气氛中形成中空凝胶微球，并将其捕获在含有催化剂的泡沫表面上来制备直径为800-1200μm和壁厚为100-300μm的中空气凝胶微球的方法。形成的空心酸性微球的超临界干燥产生适合于ICF靶的中空气凝胶微球。

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