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1. 发明授权

US09569482B2 Transforming default values dynamically 有权
标题翻译：动态转换默认值
公开(公告)号：US09569482B2
公开(公告)日：2017-02-14
申请号：US11801495
申请日：2007-05-09
申请人： Shrikanth Shankar
发明人： Shrikanth Shankar
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30 , G06F17/00
CPC分类号： G06F17/30377 , G06F17/30306
摘要： When altering records in a repository of information to add an attribute that has a non-NULL default value and a corresponding constraint to the records, no update record is issued and instead, the existing records are essentially treated as having a NULL value for the attribute being added. To compute a query over the records to which the attribute has been added, a value is generated for rows that hold NULL values for the attribute in which the value in which the NULL values held therein are translated to the default value.
摘要翻译：当更改信息存储库中的记录以将具有非NULL缺省值和相应约束的属性添加到记录时，不会发出更新记录，而是将现有记录基本上视为具有属性的NULL值被添加。要计算对已添加该属性的记录的查询，将为其中将其中保留的NULL值的值转换为默认值的属性保留NULL值的行生成一个值。

2. 发明授权

US07698310B2 System for allowing object metadata to be shared between cursors for concurrent read write access 有权
标题翻译：允许对象元数据在光标之间共享用于并发读写访问的系统
公开(公告)号：US07698310B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US11129617
申请日：2005-05-13
申请人： Subhransu Basu , Russell John Green , Shrikanth Shankar
发明人： Subhransu Basu , Russell John Green , Shrikanth Shankar
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30902 , G06F21/6218 , G06F2221/2147 , Y10S707/99954
摘要： A system, method, computer program and article of manufacture for sharing metadata among cursors is provided. A metadata object marked as a versioned object can have multiple versions. Program units can share these versions of object metadata as opposed to copying the non-versioned object metadata into their memory. These program units may contain a pointer to an object's metadata but are otherwise void of the metadata information for the object. A locking protocol for the metadata ensures concurrency control and triggers dependency tracking. A locking protocol for the cursors controls cursor dependency status.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于在游标之间共享元数据的系统，方法，计算机程序和制品。标记为版本化对象的元数据对象可以有多个版本。程序单元可以共享对象元数据的这些版本，而不是将非版本化的对象元数据复制到其内存中。这些程序单元可以包含指向对象的元数据的指针，但是否则该对象的元数据信息无效。用于元数据的锁定协议确保并发控制并触发依赖关系跟踪。光标的锁定协议控制游标依赖状态。

3. 发明授权

US07644106B2 Avoiding lock contention by using a wait for completion mechanism 有权
标题翻译：通过使用等待完成机制避免锁争用
公开(公告)号：US07644106B2
公开(公告)日：2010-01-05
申请号：US11830538
申请日：2007-07-30
申请人： Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar , Amirali S. Valiani , Vasudha Krishnaswamy , Ananth Raghavan , Juan R. Loaiza
发明人： Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar , Amirali S. Valiani , Vasudha Krishnaswamy , Ananth Raghavan , Juan R. Loaiza
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30362 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： Techniques for avoiding lock contention when processing data definition language (DDL) statements are provided. Some DDL statements modify metadata of a table and then require access to the table. After such a DDL statement modifies the metadata of a table and the updated metadata is made available (i.e., published) to other database statements, execution of the DDL statement is suspended. Data manipulation language (DML) statements acquire locks on the table. In one approach, the locks, of any DML statement, that are granted after the DDL statement is issued are timestamped. The DDL statement uses the timestamps to determine when to access the table. The timestamps are used to determine when the last DML statement (that was pending at the time the modified metadata was published) commits and releases its lock on the table.
摘要翻译：提供处理数据定义语言（DDL）语句时避免锁争用的技术。一些DDL语句修改表的元数据，然后需要访问该表。在这样一个DDL语句修改表的元数据之后，更新后的元数据可用（即发布）到其他数据库语句，DDL语句的执行被暂停。数据操作语言（DML）语句获取表上的锁。在一种方法中，在发出DDL语句之后授予的任何DML语句的锁定是时间戳的。 DDL语句使用时间戳来确定何时访问表。时间戳用于确定最后一个DML语句（修改后的元数据发布时待处理的）是否提交并释放其在表上的锁定。

4. 发明申请

US20090037417A1 AVOIDING LOCK CONTENTION BY USING A WAIT FOR COMPLETION MECHANISM 有权
标题翻译：通过等待完成机制避免锁定
公开(公告)号：US20090037417A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-05
申请号：US11830538
申请日：2007-07-30
申请人： Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar , Amirali S. Valiani , Vasudha Krishnaswamy , Ananth Raghavan , Juan R. Loaiza
发明人： Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar , Amirali S. Valiani , Vasudha Krishnaswamy , Ananth Raghavan , Juan R. Loaiza
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30362 , Y10S707/99952
摘要： Techniques for avoiding lock contention when processing data definition language (DDL) statements are provided. Some DDL statements modify metadata of a table and then require access to the table. After such a DDL statement modifies the metadata of a table and the updated metadata is made available (i.e., published) to other database statements, execution of the DDL statement is suspended. Data manipulation language (DML) statements acquire locks on the table. In one approach, the locks, of any DML statement, that are granted after the DDL statement is issued are timestamped. The DDL statement uses the timestamps to determine when to access the table. The timestamps are used to determine when the last DML statement (that was pending at the time the modified metadata was published) commits and releases its lock on the table.
摘要翻译：提供处理数据定义语言（DDL）语句时避免锁争用的技术。一些DDL语句修改表的元数据，然后需要访问该表。在这样一个DDL语句修改表的元数据之后，更新后的元数据可用（即发布）到其他数据库语句，DDL语句的执行被暂停。数据操作语言（DML）语句获取表上的锁。在一种方法中，在发出DDL语句之后授予的任何DML语句的锁定是时间戳的。 DDL语句使用时间戳来确定何时访问表。时间戳用于确定最后一个DML语句（修改后的元数据发布时待处理的）是否提交并释放其在表上的锁定。

5. 发明申请

US20080046454A1 METHODS FOR PARTITIONING AN OBJECT 有权
标题翻译：用于分配对象的方法
公开(公告)号：US20080046454A1
公开(公告)日：2008-02-21
申请号：US11871529
申请日：2007-10-12
申请人： Subhransu Basu , Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar , Vikram Shukla
发明人： Subhransu Basu , Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar , Vikram Shukla
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30587 , Y10S707/953 , Y10S707/972 , Y10S707/99932 , Y10S707/99942 , Y10S707/99943
摘要： The concept of portioning is expanded with a variety of techniques. In particular, one technique involves partitioning an object at multiple levels, where at least one of the levels uses list-based partitioning. Further, a partitioning technique is provided which involves storing a data item in a default partition when the item does not map to any one of the list-based partitions for which a key value group has been defined. Techniques are also provided for efficiently splitting a partition.
摘要翻译：分割的概念用各种技术扩展。特别地，一种技术涉及在多个级别上划分对象，其中至少一个级别使用基于列表的分区。此外，提供了一种分割技术，其涉及当项目不映射到已经定义了键值组的基于列表的分区中的任何一个时，将数据项存储在默认分区中。还提供了用于有效地分割分区的技术。

6. 发明申请

US20050251511A1 Optimizing execution of a database query by using the partitioning schema of a partitioned object to select a subset of partitions from another partitioned object 有权
标题翻译：通过使用分区对象的分区方案来优化数据库查询的执行，以从另一个分区对象中选择分区的一个子集
公开(公告)号：US20050251511A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-10
申请号：US10857651
申请日：2004-05-28
申请人： Shrikanth Shankar , Vikram Shukla
发明人： Shrikanth Shankar , Vikram Shukla
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30454 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934 , Y10S707/99935
摘要： One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that optimizes the execution of a database query involving a target partitioned-database-object. During system operation, the database receives a query. If the query has a predicate that includes a partition-mapping function that uses the partitioning schema of a partitioned database-object and a list of columns from one or more tables to express a mapping of the list of column values to the partitions of the partitioned database-object, the system determines the compatibility of the partitioning schemas of the target partitioned-database-object and the partitioned database-object. Next, if the partitioning schemas are compatible, and if the list of columns is compatible with the partitioning keys of the target partitioned-database-object and the partitioned database-object, the system attempts to identify a subset of partitions in the target partitioned-database-object that satisfy the predicate. Finally, if a subset of partitions is successfully identified, the system performs the query only on the identified subset of partitions, and not on the other partitions, thereby optimizing the execution of the query by reducing the number of partitions that need to be accessed.
摘要翻译：本发明的一个实施例提供了一种优化涉及目标分区数据库对象的数据库查询的执行的系统。在系统操作期间，数据库接收查询。如果查询具有包含分区映射函数的谓词，该函数使用分区数据库对象的分区模式和一个或多个表中的列列表，以将列值列表映射到分区的分区数据库对象，系统确定目标分区数据库对象与分区数据库对象的分区模式的兼容性。接下来，如果分区模式是兼容的，并且如果列列表与目标分区数据库对象和分区数据库对象的分区密钥兼容，则系统尝试识别目标分区数据库对象中的分区子集，满足谓词的数据库对象。最后，如果分区的子集被成功识别，则系统仅对所识别的分区子集执行查询，而不在其他分区上执行查询，从而通过减少需要访问的分区数来优化查询的执行。

7. 发明授权

US07966330B2 Techniques for partition pruning 有权
标题翻译：分割修剪技术
公开(公告)号：US07966330B2
公开(公告)日：2011-06-21
申请号：US12903013
申请日：2010-10-12
申请人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar
发明人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F17/30492
摘要： Techniques are described for performing partition pruning in situations where previous database servers could not. Specifically, techniques are provided for (1) performing partition pruning based on predicates that involve non-prefix subsets of composite partitioning keys, (2) performing partition pruning when a global index access path is used to execute a query, and (3) performing partition pruning when predicates on partitioning columns are OR-ed together. More generally, techniques are described for partition pruning based on a non-contiguous set of not-pruned partitions.
摘要翻译：描述了在以前的数据库服务器不能执行的情况下执行分区修剪的技术。具体地说，提供了（1）基于包含复合分区键的非前缀子集的谓词进行分割修剪的技术，（2）当使用全局索引访问路径执行查询时执行分割修剪，以及（3）执行在分区列上的谓词分割OR-ed时，进行分割修剪。更一般来说，描述了基于不连续的未修剪分区集合进行分割修剪的技术。

8. 发明授权

US07814104B2 Techniques for partition pruning 有权
标题翻译：分割修剪技术
公开(公告)号：US07814104B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US11124454
申请日：2005-05-04
申请人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar
发明人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar
IPC分类号： G06F17/30 , G06F15/16
CPC分类号： G06F17/30492
摘要： Techniques are described for performing partition pruning in situations where previous database servers could not. Specifically, techniques are provided for (1) performing partition pruning based on predicates that involve non-prefix subsets of composite partitioning keys, (2) performing partition pruning when a global index access path is used to execute a query, and (3) performing partition pruning when predicates on partitioning columns are OR-ed together. More generally, techniques are described for partition pruning based on a non-contiguous set of not-pruned partitions.
摘要翻译：描述了在以前的数据库服务器不能执行的情况下执行分区修剪的技术。具体地说，提供了（1）基于包含复合分区键的非前缀子集的谓词进行分割修剪的技术，（2）当使用全局索引访问路径执行查询时执行分割修剪，以及（3）执行在分区列上的谓词分割OR-ed时，进行分割修剪。更一般来说，描述了基于不连续的未修剪分区集合进行分割修剪的技术。

9. 发明申请

US20090037416A1 METHOD FOR ACQUIRING LOCKS IN WAIT MODE IN A DEADLOCK FREE MANNER 有权
标题翻译：在无人值守的等待模式下获得锁的方法
公开(公告)号：US20090037416A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-05
申请号：US11830528
申请日：2007-07-30
申请人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar
发明人： Ananth Raghavan , Shrikanth Shankar , Ramesh Kumar
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30362
摘要： Techniques for a data definition language (DDL) statement acquiring a lock on a table in wait mode in a deadlock free manner are provided. A DDL statement specifies metadata of a table that is to be modified, whereas a data manipulation language (DML) statement specifies a table to be modified. When a DDL statement is received, a proxy statement is initiated and executed instead of first acquiring an exclusive lock on metadata of a particular table. The proxy statement is similar to a DML statement in that the proxy statement acquires a lock on the particular table. After the proxy statement has been processed, an exclusive lock on the metadata is acquired.
摘要翻译：提供了一种数据定义语言（DDL）语句以无死锁的方式获取等待模式下的表的锁的技术。 DDL语句指定要修改的表的元数据，而数据操作语言（DML）语句指定要修改的表。当接收到DDL语句时，将发起并执行代理语句，而不是首先获取特定表的元数据的排他锁。代理语句类似于DML语句，因为代理语句获取特定表上的锁。在处理代理语句之后，获取元数据的排他锁。

10. 发明授权

US07340452B2 Parallel single cursor model on multiple-server configurations 有权
标题翻译：多服务器配置上的并行单光标模型
公开(公告)号：US07340452B2
公开(公告)日：2008-03-04
申请号：US10901411
申请日：2004-07-27
申请人： Bhaskar Ghosh , Thierry Cruanes , Benoit Dageville , Shrikanth Shankar
发明人： Bhaskar Ghosh , Thierry Cruanes , Benoit Dageville , Shrikanth Shankar
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30445 , Y10S707/99933 , Y10S707/99934
摘要： A cursor that is generated from an original database statement includes a master plan that is shared among the various participants involved in the parallel execution of the operations specified in the original statement. For participants that cannot share the same cursor, such as slave processes on remote servers, a remote cursor is generated. Signatures are generated for both the master plan and the remote plans, and compared to ensure that the remote plans are equivalent to the master plans. Various parameters and statistics are provided to remote servers to increase the likelihood that the remote plans will be equivalent to the master plan.
摘要翻译：从原始数据库语句生成的游标包括在并行执行原始语句中指定的操作的各参与者之间共享的主计划。对于无法共享相同光标的参与者（如远程服务器上的从属进程），将生成远程光标。为主计划和远程计划生成签名，并进行比较，以确保远程计划等同于主计划。向远程服务器提供了各种参数和统计信息，以增加远程计划与主计划相当的可能性。

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